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Majority of acute leukemias in infant, either acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloblastic leukemia, posses a chromosomal translocation affecting the 11q23 chromosome region which specifically inoles the mixed-lineage leukemia gene.1-3 Most pediatric leukemias with MLL rearrangement clearly hae a remarkably short latency.1,4 MLL gene rearrangement is also associated with secondary leukemias of patients preiously treated with the topoisomerase II inhibitors.4 The latency of these secondary leukemias is similarly ery short.4 Of note, the concordance rate of leukemia with MLL rearrangement in infant monozygotic twins approximates to 100%,1,4 and identical breakpoint in the MLL gene was shared in these pairs of identical twin infants with concordant ALL.1,4 Moreoer, the unique and clonotypic MLL fusion gene was detectable in neonatal blood spots for Guthrie cards from non-twined indiiduals who subsequently deeloped ALL.1,4 These obserations indicate not only that MLL fusion is generated in utero but also that MLL fusion proteins could be capable of inducing leukemic transformation with few, if any, secondary mutations.2,3,4 Greaes et al speculate that an MLL fusion protein somehow promotes rapid transition to full-blown disease in patients ia ery rapid clonal expansion, genetic instability, or inhibition of DNA damage repair.4 In general, for clonal expansion of malignancies, tumor cells often hae acquired strategies that escape immune sureillance of the hosts.5,6 Immune escape mechanisms also contribute to the failure of graft-ersus-leukemia effect after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.7 Therefore, leukemia cells could acquire some immune escape mechanisms during leukemogenesis.
绪论 绝大多数的婴儿白血病,不管是急性淋巴性白血病或是急性骨髓性白血病,在染色体11q23部位有染色体易位的情况;这个部位的染色体易位牵连了混合谱系白血病基因。大多数具有MLL基因重排的儿童白血病潜伏期明显短很多。MLL基因重排也和经拓扑异构酶II抑制剂治疗后的继发性白血病有关。这些继发性白血病的潜伏期类似地都非常的短。很重要的是,单卵双胞胎婴儿同时患有或同时免于MLL基因重排阳性的白血病的一致性接近100%;并且同样患有ALL的同卵双胞胎的MLL基因的断裂点是一致的。而且,这种独特的克隆特异性的MLL融合基因能够从那些得ALL的非双生个体出生时的血斑标本中检测到。这些发现表明MLL融合基因产生在胎儿还在子宫的是后,而且MLL融合蛋白能过和其他的基因突变一起诱导白血病的产生。Greaes 等推测MLL融合蛋白在某种情况下同过快速克隆增殖,遗传的不稳定性或是DNA损伤修复的抑制促使疾病迅速地全面爆发。恶性肿瘤细胞的克隆增殖通常已经获得了逃避机体免疫监视的能力。免疫逃避机制也归因于异体外周血干细胞移植后移植物抗白血病作用的失效。所以,白血病细胞在白血病的产生过程中可能获得了某些免疫逃脱机制。
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As the results, the thermal effect in a working period of the eccentrictappet pair is ineligible. A considerable temperaturerising is observed at the contact zone under zero entraining velocity, while the fluids near the solid surfaces are characterized by nonflowing, which is attributed to the specific conditions of temperature and entraining velocity.
数值模拟计算结果表明,在偏心轮-挺杆工作的一个周期内,热效应的影响不可忽略;零卷吸速度时,接触区温升很高,接近两固体表面的流体呈现出不流动状态,此状态归因于特定的温度和卷吸速度条件。
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In the studies hitherto available, the complications have not been attributable to implant failure so often as to nonobservation of the principles of bridging osteosynthesis.
目前可利用的研究表明,并发症并非归因于内植物失败,而常常因违反桥接固定原则。
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The particle diameter, per-surface area of the prepared catalyst particles will enhance photoactivity in the degradation of phenol.
Ce4+可显著提高TiO_2的活性,主要归因于锐钛矿结晶度、比表面积、孔径和孔容的提高,特别是表面缺陷的增加。
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Now, in dooming all things earthly to destruction, but attributing another life to the soul, Qoheleth admits the spirituality of the soul; this follows especially from xii, 7, where the body is returned to the earth, but the soul to God.
现在,在dooming所有的东西,尘世的破坏,但归因于另一个生命的灵魂, qoheleth承认灵性的灵魂,这如下特别是从十二,七,凡身体是返回地球,但灵魂,向上帝。
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It is OK that this kind of circumstance appears ascribe does not understand what retrorse content flows.
这种情况似乎可以归因于对反向物流的不了解。
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The old Shamanic beliefs of Tibet ascribed magical powers to the landscape.
西藏古老的萨满教把魔法的力量归因于这片大地。
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Liability is solidary where the whole or a distinct part of the damage suffered by the victim is attributable to two or more persons.
受害人遭受的全部或可明确区分的部分损害可以归因于两个或两个以上行为人时,行为人负连带责任。
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The behavior of o-isometer is special and complicated compared to the other two isometers due to its steric effect.
邻位取代的异构体行为比较特殊,变化规律比较复杂,这主要归因于邻位的空间立体效应。
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Comparedly,American mother prefer attibuting their children's succuss to the genius
相比较,美国的母亲们更可能把孩子的成功归因于天赋。
- 推荐网络例句
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Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.
在对危险的南部地区访问时,他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。
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In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.
实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了
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The enrich the peopling of Deng Xiaoping of century great person thought, it is the main component in system of theory of Deng Xiaoping economy, it is a when our country economy builds basic task important facet.
世纪伟人邓小平的富民思想,是邓小平经济理论体系中的重要组成部分,是我国经济建设根本任务的一个重要方面。