弹簧缓冲器

The working principle of spring friction draft gear for heavy haul freight cars was introduced,and a virtual prototype model of spring friction draft gear was established based on the ADAMS software.

介绍了重载货车弹簧摩擦式缓冲器的工作原理，采用ADAMS多体动力学仿真软件搭建了弹簧摩擦式缓冲器的虚拟样机模型。

Heavy haul freight car; spring friction draft gear; impacting test; numerical simulation

重载货车；弹簧摩擦式缓冲器；冲击试验；数值仿真

Friction rubber draft gear, as one of high-capacity draft gears, is developed after friction steel spring draft gear. Rubber has energy absorption capability and non-linear rigidity capability, so the friction rubber draft gear's capacity is usually higher than the friction steel spring bumper.

摩擦式橡胶缓冲器是继摩擦式钢簧缓冲器之后开发的一种大容量缓冲器，这种缓冲器利用了橡胶自身具有吸收能量及非线性刚度的特性，因此其容量一般比摩擦式钢弹簧缓冲器高。

A multistage jounce bumper, including a jounce bumper cushion integrated with a hydraulic jounce bumper, wherein provided are the damping characteristic of the hydraulic jounce bumper and the damping/spring characteristics of a jounce bumper cushion.

一种多级颠簸缓冲器，包括与液压颠簸缓冲器整体形成的颠簸缓冲器垫，其中提供了液压颠簸缓冲器的减震特性，同时提供了颠簸缓冲器垫的减震/弹簧特性。

Some key part is ameliorated to meet the demands of working. This thesis mainly includes:(1) Analysing the working principle of the spring operateing mechanism, expatiating the character of the mechanism;(2) With the design aim of the spring operating mechanism, accomplishing the design of ZW□-12/630-20 outdoor HV vacuum breaker based on the systemic design theory of the spring operating mechanism, which includes spring mechanism of open-close switch; cam mechanism based on the principle of power balance; buckle-off mechanism with force-minished device; ratchet wheel mechanism with number-increased detent;(3) In the design on the spring operating mechanism for the outdoor vacuum breaker, using the air cushion device with speed controller to ensure the steady working of the spring operating mechanism;(4) Accoding the problem of daily maintenance for HV circuitbreaker, giving some effective steps of daily maintenance.

论文工作主要包括以下几个方面：(1)从真空断路器弹簧操动机构的功能原理出发，详细分析了该机构的工作原理，阐述了机构工作的基本特性；(2)根据工程实际提出了真空断路器弹簧操动机构的设计目标，在系统分析弹簧操动机构设计理论的基础上，完成了ZW□-12/630-20型户外真空断路器弹簧操动机构的设计工作，其中包括真空断路器弹簧操动机构的分合闸弹簧机构的设计；以输出力特性曲线设计机构理论演化出的功率平衡原则为基础的凸轮机构的设计；带有减力机构的滚动摩擦扣结方式的脱扣机构设计；根据实际情况增加了棘爪数量的棘轮机构设计；(3)在真空断路器弹簧操动机构的设计中，引入了速度控制模式空气缓冲器，对惯性负载起到了良好的自动缓冲效果，从而保证了真空断路器弹簧操动机构稳定、有效地运行，保证了真空断路器的动作质量；(4)针对目前真空断路器运行过程中存在的问题，提出了有效的日常维护措施。

This can be represented schematically by a series of springs and parallel dashpots.

这种模拟可以粗略地用一组弹簧和并联的缓冲器来表示。

Methods The circular spring buffer is adopted with throttling bar as damping device.

采用环型弹簧与节制杆式阻尼器相结合的缓冲器原理。

The structure of circular spring buffer with throttling bar is available. It is an effective method for reducing recoil resistance of heavy machine gun.

弹簧节制杆式缓冲器原理可行，是减小大口径机枪后坐阻力的一项有效措施。

The influence rules between the initial pressure,spring stiffness,oblique plane angle,friction coefficient of friction pair,friction force and the characteristics of draft gear were analyzed.

分析了缓冲器的初压力、弹簧刚度、斜面角度、摩擦副间的摩擦因数以及摩擦力对缓冲器工作性能的影响规律。

The equivalent linearization results obtained by probabilistic method are inducted to treat landing gear non linear parameters such as shock absorber air spring force, hydraulic damping and C.

建立了飞机地面滑跑的起落架分析模型；引入了概率平均意义上的当量线性化方法，用该方法处理了起落架缓冲器空气弹簧、油液阻尼和库仑摩擦力以及轮胎刚度和阻尼等非线性参数。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。