弹性系数

This article that focuses on the systematic and in-depth research in the current primal problem about abnormal burst pressure reservoir depress burst pressure has procured following main fruits:1 It forms the method which could obtain massive vertical static state mechanics parameters.2 In a foundation of acquisition of rock mechanics parameters,apply bent lamella that as mechanical model along with characteristic of actual geologic characteristics to analysis curvature for anticlinal strcture, get homologous tectonic stress value throug relation between the curvature and stress and different principal curvature in anticlinal structure,consequently set up laminational stress model for anticline reservoir. The block lamination for existed fracturing date has formed method of setting up mechanical model of lamination terrestrial stress by abtaining the block tectonic stress coefficients which are got by complex utilization test, laboratory test and fracturing date playback.3 Analysesing the main reason which lead to high burst pressure by considering the characteristic of reservoir geology,reservoir,and rock mechanics and reservoir damage,etc.Establishing burst pressure quantitative prediction model which provide gist for depressing construction risk and optimizing construction craft under the condition of open hole completion ,gun-perforated completion and damaged reservoir.4 Provding theoretical basis for interpreting acidification pretreatment which could depress busrt pressure by finding the relation between the influencing factors and rock machanics parameters and analysing the factors that have effect on rock mechanics parameters. Expounding the mechanism of reaction of mixed monomineral and acid from the angle of microcosmic element, evaluating quantitatively acid sensilility of different kinds of mineral effectively, and determing the first-order reaction dynamical equation of each mineral.5 Revealing rock mechanics property chage as a result of acid flooding in different condition by sandstone traumata experiment in different temperatures which combined with rock mechanics triaxial stress experiment.6 Associating damage mechanics with sandstone acidizing, established sandstone damage mechanics model in the foundation of the recognition on the rock mechanics parametric variation which is caused by acid-rock reaction in both macroscopic view and microscopic view ,also demonstrated those processes and quantitative estimated the acid busrt pressure to direct the site operation.

本文针对目前异常破裂压力储层降低破裂压力的主要问题展开较为系统和深入的研究，取得了以下主要成果：1形成了利用测井资料，结合室内岩芯测试结果，获取静动岩石力学参数的相关性特征，从而获得纵向上大量静态力学参数的方法。2在获取了岩石力学参数的此基础上，利用弯曲薄板作为力学模型，结合区块实际地质特征对背斜构造进行曲率分析，通过曲率与应力的关系，利用背斜构造不同部位的主曲率求得相应的构造应力值，从而建立起背斜储层的分层应力模型；对已有压裂资料的区块分层，形成了综合利用测试、室内实验、压裂资料反演获得该区块构造应力系数，建立起分层地应力的力学模型的方法。3综合考虑储层地质、油藏、岩石力学特性和储层伤害等因素，分析造成高破裂压力的主要原因，综合利用岩石力学、弹性力学等知识，建立了裸眼完井、射孔完井条件下以及储层受到伤害后的储层破裂压力定量预测模型，为降低施工风险和优化施工工艺提供了依据。4完成了物性、岩性影响岩石力学参数的因素分析，找出了各影响因素和岩石力学参数之间的关系，为从机理上解释酸化预处理降低破裂压力提供了理论基础；从微观元素的角度阐述了单矿物与酸反应的机理；并在此基础上，有效评价了各种矿物的酸敏感性，定量确定了岩石中各矿物的一级反应动力学方程。5完成了不同温度下的酸液类型、酸液浓度、注酸量等一系列砂岩损伤实验，结合岩石力学三轴应力实验，系统揭示了在不同条件下注酸而引起的岩石力学性质变化。6将损伤力学与砂岩酸化相结合，在宏观、微观两个方面认识酸岩反应引起岩石力学参数变化基础上，建立了砂岩损伤力学模型，并对其进行验证，在此基础上定量计算酸化后的破裂压力，有效指导现场施工

Also the response amplitude will be changed with the initial conditions due to the nonlinear properties of the cables.Taking the bending stiffness, cable sag and cable inclination into consideration, the space vibration control of the cables using the visco-elastic dampers in cable-stayed bridges is investigated by joining the center difference method and the state space strategy. Both the maximum modal damping ration and the optimal damper size are obtained, then the practical suggestions are proposed for the design of the dampers. The space nonlinear vibration equations of the cable-damper system are derived, and anew hybrid method for solving the cable-damper system is presented by combing the Newmark method and Pseudo-force technology. According to the known properties of the cable-damper system, the nonlinear transient responses are analyzed under all kinds of excitations. Based on the transient response, the control effectiveness of the visco-elastic dampers is further demonstrated.

综合考虑了拉索抗弯刚度、垂度的影响，研究了粘弹性阻尼器对斜拉桥拉索的空间振动控制，联合中心差分方法及状态空间法，得出了拉索面内、外振动各阶模态可能达到的最大阻尼比及相应的最优阻尼器系数，并对斜拉桥拉索的阻尼器设计提出了参考建议：考虑拉索抗弯刚度、垂度及几何非线性，导出了索-阻尼器系统的空间振动非线性方程组，结合Newmark方法及伪力(Pseudo-Force)方法，创新地提出了求解非线性方程组的杂交方法，根据拉索-阻尼器系统的阻尼特性，在各种荷载作用下，对索-阻尼器系统的非线性瞬态振动响应进行了研究，从系统响应的角度更加直接地验证了阻尼器的控制效果。

They give a direct estimate of elasticity if both regressor and regressand have taken logs.

如果回归元和回归子都取对数形式，斜率系数给出对弹性的一个直接估计。

We also elaborated upon the relations between immediately adjacent fibers and loadings、interfacial bonding、residual stress、matrix parameters and material elastic properties of two kinds of fibers and the influence on the observed"hybrid effect"in a hybrid composite.

计算了混杂复合材料由于高模量纤维破坏引起的高低模量纤维应力集中系数，详细分析了载荷大小、界面结合强度、残余应力和参与混杂的两种不同纤维及基体的弹性性质等与邻近纤维应力集中的关系及其对复合材料"混杂效应"的影响。

Test results indicate that the propagationvelocity of the elastic wave,shear modulus and coefficient of subgrade ...

实验结果表明：匀质土中弹性波的传播速度、剪切模量、地基抗压刚度系数均随土层深度增加而增大；不同性质的土层，其变化规律亦异。

Such a diagram will show a definite straight-line portionin which the shearing stress is directly proportional to the shearing strain, Like the normal stress-strain ratio, the ratio of the two shear quantities, is known as the modulus rigidity or shear modulus of elasticity.

这个图表中的直线部分明确表示出剪切应力与其产生的相应的剪切应变。象常规的应力应变比值一样，此两者剪切量之间的比值，被称为弹性剪切模量或者硬度系数。

So the splay and twist elastic constants and viscosity could be determined by dynamic light laser scattering at the same time

这提示可以动态激光散射同时测定向列液晶展曲和扭曲弹性常数和粘滞系数

In order to estimate the trafficability of off-road vehicles, the linear relationships between the pressure and the stiffness of the tire and the action of the vertical tire force with the viscoelasticity are analyzed. The method to improve the precision of the model by the coefficients is presented.

为了评价越野车辆通过性能力，分析了胎压与轮胎刚度之间的线性关系和轮胎材料的粘弹性特性对轮胎垂向力分布的影响，提出了用系数修正胎压对刚度和有效接地面积影响提高精度的方法。

Essay 2 of this study investigates how background risk affects households' insurance purchasing decision, expenditure share and amounts of insurance by using data of Survey of Family Income and Expenditure in Taiwan. Using the income risk as the proxy for background risk and controlling other wealth and demographic factors, the findings suggest that insurance expenditure is positively affected by uninsurable background risk.

第二篇研究主要探讨家计单位保险（包括人寿医疗险及产物保险）之购买决策、消费比例及支出金额是否受到背景风险（以所得变异系数及标准差及减薪厂商比例等所得风险变数作为代理变数）之影响，并实证估计各种保险之所得弹性。

Deduct the formula of compressibility of vug with mechanics of materials and elasticity.

应用弹性力学和材料力学的理论，得到了溶洞压缩系数的计算公式

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。