弹壳

In the harsh Turkana region of northern Kenya a British small-arms specialist, James Bevan, found Kalashnikov cartridges from 25 countries and 51 factories.

在肯尼亚北部艰苦的图尔卡纳地区，英国轻武器专家詹姆斯？贝文找到了来自25个国家51家兵工厂生产的弹壳。

Throughout the 1970s, the Army experimented with various materials to replace brass in cartridge casings.

1970年代里面，陆军试验了各种不同的材料以替换黄铜弹壳。

In order to solve these two problems, the marks left on the warhead and cartridge case should be tested.

要解决这两个问题，就要检验留在弹头、弹壳上的痕迹。

Same cartridge case also can be loaded with full-caliber 6.5mm bullets of various design.

同样的弹壳也可以以全口径6.5毫米的各种设计子弹。

The identification method for the fuzzy model of marks on the cartridge case is presented.

提出了一种弹壳痕迹模糊模式识别方法，并论述这种方法的使用范围及性能特点，为枪弹痕迹的司法鉴定提供一种新的手段，扩展了司法弹道学研究思路。

The cartridge case endures the load of pressure and heat generated from the powder gas when shooting. The strength of the cartridge case and the reliability of the extraction influence the performance of the weapon.

射击过程中，弹壳承受着火药燃气的压力作用和热作用，弹壳的强度及抽壳可靠性直接影响着武器的使用性能。

The factory continued to produce shells for the German Wehrmacht for 7 months. In all that time not one usable shell was produced!

新德勒的工厂为德军生产弹壳长达7个月，但在那段期间内所生产的弹壳全部无法使用！

Incurrent research, aiming at the rupture problem engendered in the shooting process of acertain 5.56mm automatic rifle, the strain and stress distributions on the cartridge caseunder the action of axial pull have been analyzed. Based on the theories of elastic-plasticmechanics and contact mechanics, a mathematic and physical model of the cartridge-caseand chamber system has been set up; and based on the platform of the general softwarepackage APDL of ANSYS for finite element analysis, a parameterized model of thecartridge-case and chamber system has also been established. The method for nonlinearFEA has been adopted to analyze the stress distribution on the entire cartridge-case andchamber system, and the method of contact element has been employed to investigate thecontact stress between the cartridge case and chamber, and then the influences of frictioncoefficient and locking space on the static and dynamic stress and strain response of thecartridge case and chamber to the action of power gas have also been discussed. On thebasis of a lot of numerical tests, a kind of element Plane13, which is concentrated incoupled computation of heat and construction, has been used finally to simulate thetransient response of the cartridge-case and chamber system to the power gas. Throughloading the temporary thermal characteristics of explosive gas in the procedure of emulate, the corresponding transient thermal stress distributed on the entire system under thecombined load of transient thermal stress and transient pressure has been obtained. Owingto these comprehensive considerations, the numerical results obtained in this paperrepresent the actual situations comparatively exactly.

本文针对某5.56mm自动步枪在工作中出现断壳的问题，分析了弹壳在轴向拉力作用下的应力应变；基于弹塑性力学及接触理论，建立了弹壳弹膛系统的数学、物理学模型，在通用有限元ANSYS软件的参数化建模工具APDL平台上，建立了弹壳弹膛系统的参数化模型；采用非线性有限元法计算了弹壳弹膛系统的整体应力，引入接触单元法分析弹壳和弹膛的接触压力，探讨了在不同的摩擦系数和不同的闭锁间隙对弹壳弹膛静、动态响应的影响；本文进行了大量的尝试，最后确定采用热、结构耦合单元Plane13，在计算中加载了火药气体的温度历程，成功的获得了弹壳弹膛系统在瞬态的热载荷和瞬态的压力载荷同时作用下弹壳弹膛系统的热应力数值解，考虑因素全面，比较真实的反映了弹壳弹膛系统在火药气体压力和热载荷下作用的情况。

I wonder if I could, Go back to old Hollywood When presidents dropped blonde bombshells Instead of creating the perfect hell The way we're living makes no sense Take me back to the age of innocence I wanna go back then Take me back to the age of innocence Back to the age of innocence When pharmaceuticals were there to make life beautiful When the way that we were born was more than suitable When everybody thought they could make a difference And you couldn't get your pics within an instance I wonder if I could, Go back to old Hollywood When presidents dropped blonde bombshells Instead of creating the perfect hell The way we're living makes no sense Take me back to the age of innocence I wanna go back then Take me back to the age of innocence Back to the age of innocence I wanna get older, don't fight my age Take me back to those simpler days I wonder how it all happened I wanna get older, don't fight my age Don't wanna be the shade of a scalpel's blade So please tell me, please tell me What ever happened?

我想如果我能，回到旧好莱坞当总统下降金发弹壳而不是创造完美的地狱我们的方式生活是没有意义的带我回到纯真时代我想回去，然后带我回到纯真时代回到纯真时代当药品在那里，使生活美好当我们出生的方法是适合多当大家都以为他们可以发挥作用而且你不能得到一个实例在你的照片我想如果我能，回到旧好莱坞当总统下降金发弹壳而不是创造完美的地狱我们的方式生活是没有意义的带我回到纯真时代我想回去，然后带我回到纯真时代回到纯真时代我要变老，不要打我的年龄带我回到那些简单的日子我不知道这一切是如何发生的我要变老，不要打我的年龄不想成为一个手术刀刀片阴影所以，请告诉我，请告诉我没有发生什么？

When the TC soldiers with shell cases do vase that eliminated when weapons were more strongly characterize the soldiers, and developed a delicate heart worla shell cases has completely changed the existing product properties.

当老山的战士用炮弹壳做花瓶的时候消灭生灵的武器却更强烈地表达出战士们粗犷细腻的心灵世界。炮弹壳也就完全改变了原有的产品属性。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。