引起因素

Base on the risk analyses on popular and fire-prone appliances such as air conditioner, refrigerator, washer, television and water heater, etc., results from research by experts world-wide together with our own experience of investigating fire accidents, this paper reviews and presents research results on causes of fire and the investigation methods. We propose several major factors which lead to most of the accidents of home appliance fire. These factors include flaws in design, failures of components, environmental conditions and improper operations.

本文的主要工作及结果如下： 1、通过对空调器、电冰箱、洗衣机、电视机和电热器具(包括电熨斗、电热毯、电热水器)等常见的、容易引起火灾的家用电器的工作原理和结构特点进行分析，指出容易引起火灾的因素，并参考国内外火灾事故调查专家和同行的研究成果，总结出家用电器火灾发生的主要原因是由于设计制造缺陷、元器件故障、外界环境影响和使用者操作不当等几大因素造成的。

The content of Chl a, Chl b and carotinoid, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, Difference of CO_2 concentration pass in and out of the air chamber and candarboxylation efficiency in citrus leaves were maximized while intercellular CO_2 concentrations were minimized at 75% SWC.

综合分析Ci、Pn和Gs与红壤水分之间的关系，不同红壤水分条件所引起的柑橘叶片光合速率的变化，在红壤相对含水量低于30%时主要是由非气孔因素所引起的，而高于45%时主要是由气孔因素所引起的。

RESULTS:The research results show that among married women in countryside,the incidence of leukorrhagia is 30.69%. The main factors caused leukorrhagia are infective diseases in reproductive tract including chronic cervicitis,colpitis and so on,and the chronic cervicitis is uppermost which is 47.53% of all of the factors.

结果：调查结果显示，农村已婚育龄期妇女带下病患病率为30.69％，引起带下病发病的主要因素有慢性宫颈炎、阴道炎等妇女生殖道感染性疾病，其中慢性宫颈炎是引起带下病发病的最主要因素，占整个带下病发病因素的47.53％。

It is shown that the friction force and bulkhead thrust are the main factors of shield thrust setting, while the friction between the cutterhead and soil is the main factors of cutterhead torque setting. Friction force between shield and soil would make front soil of shield upheave, and subsidence of surface soil is induced by ground loss when the friction force between the cutterhead and soil results in the surface settlement asymmetrical distribution.

通过计算发现，盾构施工中盾壳摩擦和正面推力是盾构推力设置的主要因素，而刀盘与土体摩擦是刀盘扭矩设置的主要因素，盾构前方土体隆起主要由盾壳摩擦引起，刀盘摩擦作用主要引起地表沉降的非对称分布，地表沉降主要由盾尾空隙产生。

This article that focuses on the systematic and in-depth research in the current primal problem about abnormal burst pressure reservoir depress burst pressure has procured following main fruits:1 It forms the method which could obtain massive vertical static state mechanics parameters.2 In a foundation of acquisition of rock mechanics parameters,apply bent lamella that as mechanical model along with characteristic of actual geologic characteristics to analysis curvature for anticlinal strcture, get homologous tectonic stress value throug relation between the curvature and stress and different principal curvature in anticlinal structure,consequently set up laminational stress model for anticline reservoir. The block lamination for existed fracturing date has formed method of setting up mechanical model of lamination terrestrial stress by abtaining the block tectonic stress coefficients which are got by complex utilization test, laboratory test and fracturing date playback.3 Analysesing the main reason which lead to high burst pressure by considering the characteristic of reservoir geology,reservoir,and rock mechanics and reservoir damage,etc.Establishing burst pressure quantitative prediction model which provide gist for depressing construction risk and optimizing construction craft under the condition of open hole completion ,gun-perforated completion and damaged reservoir.4 Provding theoretical basis for interpreting acidification pretreatment which could depress busrt pressure by finding the relation between the influencing factors and rock machanics parameters and analysing the factors that have effect on rock mechanics parameters. Expounding the mechanism of reaction of mixed monomineral and acid from the angle of microcosmic element, evaluating quantitatively acid sensilility of different kinds of mineral effectively, and determing the first-order reaction dynamical equation of each mineral.5 Revealing rock mechanics property chage as a result of acid flooding in different condition by sandstone traumata experiment in different temperatures which combined with rock mechanics triaxial stress experiment.6 Associating damage mechanics with sandstone acidizing, established sandstone damage mechanics model in the foundation of the recognition on the rock mechanics parametric variation which is caused by acid-rock reaction in both macroscopic view and microscopic view ,also demonstrated those processes and quantitative estimated the acid busrt pressure to direct the site operation.

本文针对目前异常破裂压力储层降低破裂压力的主要问题展开较为系统和深入的研究，取得了以下主要成果：1形成了利用测井资料，结合室内岩芯测试结果，获取静动岩石力学参数的相关性特征，从而获得纵向上大量静态力学参数的方法。2在获取了岩石力学参数的此基础上，利用弯曲薄板作为力学模型，结合区块实际地质特征对背斜构造进行曲率分析，通过曲率与应力的关系，利用背斜构造不同部位的主曲率求得相应的构造应力值，从而建立起背斜储层的分层应力模型；对已有压裂资料的区块分层，形成了综合利用测试、室内实验、压裂资料反演获得该区块构造应力系数，建立起分层地应力的力学模型的方法。3综合考虑储层地质、油藏、岩石力学特性和储层伤害等因素，分析造成高破裂压力的主要原因，综合利用岩石力学、弹性力学等知识，建立了裸眼完井、射孔完井条件下以及储层受到伤害后的储层破裂压力定量预测模型，为降低施工风险和优化施工工艺提供了依据。4完成了物性、岩性影响岩石力学参数的因素分析，找出了各影响因素和岩石力学参数之间的关系，为从机理上解释酸化预处理降低破裂压力提供了理论基础；从微观元素的角度阐述了单矿物与酸反应的机理；并在此基础上，有效评价了各种矿物的酸敏感性，定量确定了岩石中各矿物的一级反应动力学方程。5完成了不同温度下的酸液类型、酸液浓度、注酸量等一系列砂岩损伤实验，结合岩石力学三轴应力实验，系统揭示了在不同条件下注酸而引起的岩石力学性质变化。6将损伤力学与砂岩酸化相结合，在宏观、微观两个方面认识酸岩反应引起岩石力学参数变化基础上，建立了砂岩损伤力学模型，并对其进行验证，在此基础上定量计算酸化后的破裂压力，有效指导现场施工

This paper takes one low-speed-circumgyrate rocket with a empennage asa research object, set up a relevant reference frame, analyse the strength andmoment on the amended rocket, ratiocinate the sports equation with 6 DOF; analyse the factors which cause terminal windage between pratical trajectoryand fiducial trajectory, take certain rocket for example, make use of theemluator on the influence of estimating precision caused by measuredinformation, find the speed, the trajectory obliquity, the trajectory setoverand the coordinate are the sensitive factor arosing terminal windage of thetrajectory; introduce the developing status of detecting technique, and basedon the actuality, choose the radar in the ground as measure equipment; simplydesign and analyse the setting and inflame control of the impulse engine onthe amended rocket; design the amend method and validate its feasibility takingthe use of emluator.

本文以某型低速旋转尾翼火箭弹为研究对象，建立了相应的坐标系，详细的分析了作用在弹道修正弹上的力和力矩，由动量定理和动量矩定理推导出了在一般形式下的弹道修正弹的空间六自由度的运动方程；对引起弹道落点偏差的因素进行了分析，以某口径火箭弹为例仿真了可测信息量对估算精度的影响，发现速度大小、弹道倾角、弹道偏角和位置坐标是引起落点偏差的主要因素；对弹道探测技术发展现状作综合性阐述，并基于现状，选用地面火控雷达作为测量装置；对弹道修正弹上脉冲推力器的安装和点火控制方法进行了简要的设计与分析；设计了弹道修正弹指令修正的修正方法，通过数字仿真验证了方法的可行性。

The photosynthetic rate decreasing of un-pretreated was not caused by plant spiracle.Thephotosynthetic rate decreasing of the pretreated plant was caused by plant spiracle in the first andsecond low temperature stress day,The photosynthetic rate decreasing of the pretreated plant wascaused by other factors in the third and fourth day.

在胁迫过程对照植株光合速率的下降是由非气孔因素引起；锻炼植株光合速率的下降在胁迫的前两天是由气孔因素引起，在胁迫的第三和第四天是由非气孔因素引起。

The simulation shows that the major impact factor on storm surge is the change of the area due to reclamation. The factor of elevated topography due to reclamation is minor. After the reclamation, the extreme high level of storm surge is increased by 1.85~0.09m, decreasing from tail to mouth in Hangzhou Bay. After the planned reclamation, storm surge increases as a whole. The increased peak value is 0.25m at the center of Hangzhou Bay.

结果表明，围涂引起的平面边界改变是影响杭州湾风暴潮的主要因素，围涂引起的地形抬升的影响是次要因素；已有围涂使杭州湾极端风暴高潮位抬升1.85~0.09m，抬升幅度由湾顶向湾口递减；规划围涂后，杭州湾风暴高潮位总体抬升，抬升值最大的湾中部为0.25m。

Plasma membrane infolding occurred after pretreatment and low temperature stress, one new structure looked like vacuole was recognized between plasma membrane and cytoderm, the emergence of that phenomena maybe concern with plasma membrane infolding and vacuole.

在胁迫过程对照植株光合速率的下降是由非气孔因素引起；锻炼植株光合速率的下降在胁迫的前两天是由气孔因素引起，在胁迫的第三和第四天是由非气孔因素引起。这也从另一个角度证明了低温锻炼提高了植物的抗寒性。

Further research has indicated that, the key reason of epithelia of proximal convoluted tubules damaged during perfusion is the tissue edema of the interspace in membrane basilaris, lateral processes and cells, which cause the quality of plasma membrane infoldings to reduce notably, and then result in surface area reduced and tension raising of pericellular membrane.

作者指出，组织水肿会引起基底膜附近质膜内褶结构显著减少，导致细胞膜表面积减小和细胞膜张力提高，引起近曲小管上皮细胞膜局部破裂，这些因素都是导致灌流过程中肾脏功能变化发生转折，出现较严重损伤的主要因素，这是本文研究的重要发现。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。