引理

On the whole, we do as follows: Firstly, we list some conceptions and lemmas for later use. Secondly, we inducted the absolute value norm in the two-dimensional vector interspace, and also proved the two-dimensional vector interspace is a Banach Interspace. Thirdly, we define two-dimensional vector-valued functions on a interval by the definition of -fine partitions in part 1. Then, some sufficient and necessary conditions of integrabel are given, and discuss the property of the integral on two-dimensional vector-valued functions.

主要包括以下内容：在第一部分，我们介绍了本文所用到的几个基本概念和引理；第二部分，我们在二维向量空间中引入了绝对值范数，并且证明了二维向量空间是一个Banach空间；在第三部分中，通过第一部分关于-精细分划的定义，我们给出了在某区间上二维向量值函数积分的定义以及可积的充分必要条件，并讨论了二维向量值函数积分的一些性质。

The formal solution of partial differential equations is given on characteristic line, the existence of the optimal control is proven by using Ekeland\'s variational principle, Gronwall Lemma and adjoint system, then the necessary condition of optimality is obtained by means of the conception of normal cone.

用特征线法表示出偏微分方程的形式解，利用Ekeland变分原理，Gronwall引理和共轭系统证明了最优控制的存在性，并借助于法锥概念得到了最优控制的必要性条件。

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The content of this course is: analytic function (the definition of analytic function, elementary functions, etc.), conformal mapping (the definition if conformal mapping, fractional linear functions, elementary mappings, etc.), complex integration (Cauchy's integral formula, Cauchy's theorem, etc.), Series (Laurent Series, singularities, local property, etc.), residues and its applications (the Residues Theorem, integration by residues, the Argument Principle, the Maximum Principle, Schwarz's Lemma, etc.), analytic continuation and harmonic functions, etc.

本课程内容主要包括：解析函数(解析函数的定义、初等函数等)、共形映射(共形映射的定义、分式线性变换及初等映射等)、复积分(Cauchy 积分公式、 Cauchy 定理等)、级数(Laurent 级数、孤立奇点、局部映射等)、留数及其应用(留数定理、利用留数计算积分、幅角原理、最大模原理、 Schwarz 引理等)、解析开拓和调和函数等内容。

In Chapter 2, we will give an introduction into the theory of Diophantine approximation for formal Laurent series over a finite base field.

在这一节，我们发展一些重要的基本性质，例如：广义Borel-Cantelli引理及数论中类似的结果等。

Then we extend a lemma of Paley-Zygmund to-Zygmund to the cases of non-equally distributed and study the value distribution of more general random Dirichlet series with this lemma.

通常随机级数研究的是同分布随机变量序列，这里通过推广Paley-Zygmund引理，把随机级数的研究引向一般得多的不要求同分布的情况。

The most important part is to show that Lemma 3 will follow if we can prove Lemma 3' and that part is quick.

最重要的一点是如果我们可以证明引理3'，则可以直接推出引理3。

Martingales, optimal stopping, Wald's lemma, age-dependent branching processes, stochastic integration, Ito's lemma.

随机过程：鞅，最优停步，Wald引理，依赖年龄的分支过程，随机积分， Ito引理。滑铁卢大学本科，研究生

Chapter 4 is devoted to the existence and multiplicity of homoclinic for self-adjoint nonlinear second order difference equations by using "Mountain Pass " theorem and "Symmetry Mountain Pass "theorem in critical point theory.

第四章应用临界点理论中的山路引理与对称山路引理研究了一类自共轭非线性二阶差分方程的同宿轨的存在性与多重性。

Martingales, optimal stopping, Wald's lemma, age-dependent branching processes, stochastic integration, Ito's lemma.

随机过程：随机过程：鞅，最优停步，Wald 引理，依赖年龄的分支过程，随机积分， Ito 引理。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新