引流管

They were male in 8 eases and female in 14. Pancreatic cystoadenoma was in 14 cases (63.30%) and pancreatic cystoadenocarcinoma in 8(36.3%). It was 1.7:1 between two groups. Tumor at the head of pancreas was 6 cases (27.21%). at body-tail 12 (54.5%). at tail 4 (18.1%). Local resection was performed in one case, pancreatic body-tailectomy pancreatoc1uodenectoni in 3, central pancreatectomy in 2 cases.

男8例，女14例。14例(63.3%)为胰腺囊腺瘤（浆液性6例、黏液性8例），8例(36.3%)为胰腺囊腺癌，两者之比为1.7：l肿瘤位于胰腺头部6例(27.2%)，胰腺体尾部12例(54.5%)，胰腺尾部4例(181%)行胰腺肿瘤局部切除术l例，肤腺体尾部切除术14例，胰头十二指肠切除术3例，胰腺中段切除术2例，囊肿－空肠Roux-Y吻合术1例，T管架桥胆－肠内引流术1例。

Results Eight cases all cured, thereinto, one stitches removed, one ureter membrane repaired, by cystoscopic reversing ureter, two diversion by embedding D-J pipe, one ureter anastomosed, one kidney cutted, two bladder repaired.

结果 8例均治愈，其中拆除缝线1例，行输尿管浆肌层修补1例，经膀胱镜逆行输尿管植入D-J管引流2例，输尿管端端吻合1例，肾切除1例，膀胱修补2例。

If it is mainly extrahepatic biliary diffuse stenosis, it will gradually expand upward and downward along bile duct by Bakes biliary duct dilater after the bile duct is cut in surgery ( Including the sphincter of Oddi expansion,the dilatation should be gradual and slow. Too much strength will result in biliary rupture with vascular hemorrhage). T-tube is then placed to support drainage.

若主要是肝外胆管弥漫性狭窄，手术时在切开胆总管之后，以 Bakes 胆道扩张器沿胆管向上、下方向逐步扩张（包括对 Oddi 括约肌的扩张，扩张时应渐次、缓慢的进行，不能过分用力以致胆管破裂及伴行血管出血），然后放置 T 型管支撑引流。

Result: 276 cases were successfully healed by Duodenoscopy Among 382, the success rate is 72.25%, the difference of the bile collectd on 3,5,7th day after operation between the treatement and control group was significant.

结果：十二指肠镜取石成功276例，成功率为72.25%，治疗组在术后第3、5、7天BD管引流胆汁量与对照组相比较，有显著性差异：治疗组在术后第3、7天TBIL、ALT、ALP与对照组相比较，有显著性差异。

Results:Three cases had transection injury of biliary duct.1 case was found during the operation and 2 cases were found after the operation.1 case received bile duct repair and T tube supporting and drainage;2 cases underwent chole enteroanastomosis.

结果：胆管横断性损伤3例，术中发现1例，术后发现2例；胆管修补+T管支撑引流1例，胆肠Roux en Y吻合2例。

5 cases underwent grainage by percutaneous liver puncture under guiding of X-fluoroscopy to treat liver abscess, in which there were 3 males and 2 females, age from 21 to 72 diagnosed by CT and ultrasound.

2003年以来我们收治肝脓肿5例，在X线透视引导下经皮肝穿刺置管引流治疗，本组5例。男3例，女2例；年龄21～72岁；均进行了CT、B超检查确诊。

All of the two groups were treated by chemotherapy with a regimen of 2HRZE/10HRE and Intrapleural injection of urokinase by aspirating pleural effusion or pleural drainage. The observation group were treated with plasmin intravenous infusion for 3 courses (Seven days per course and then five days interval).

两组均采用抗结核化疗方案2HRZE/10HRE及胸穿抽液或胸腔内置管引流，并胸腔内注入尿激酶；观察组静滴纤溶酶7d一疗程，每疗程间隔5d，共3个疗程。

Percutaneous nephrostomy alone was successful as a primary therapy in 4 of 14 fistulas.

接受经皮穿肾引流术的14例廔管中有4例成功地治愈(成功率28%)。

CDRS and damage of biliary tract can be avoided after nonclosure and suture gallbladder stump in the subtotal laparoscopic cholecystectomy reserving gallbladder ampullae and cystic duct.Bile leakage can be cured after shorttime prophylactic drainage.

Calot三角解剖困难时残留部分胆囊壶腹或胆囊管的腹腔镜胆囊大部切除术，术中不闭锁缝合胆囊残端可以避免发生CDRS及误伤肝外胆管等，出现胆漏经过短期持续腹腔引流后可自愈。

Patients in the observative group recovered without any complications while one patient in the control group who complicated with bile leakage was cured through laparoscopic exploration,ligation of the remnant cystic duct,and abdominal drainage 20h after the operation.

术后观察组未出现近远期并发症，对照组出现1例胆漏，术后20h腹腔镜下探查，行胆囊管残端结扎，腹腔引流治愈。

This paper discusses design and realizable methods of remote test output interface from logical design angle.

本文从逻辑设计的角度讨论遥测输出接口的设计及实现方法。

This also 星体投射plies to buildings, structures and geological features.

这也适用于建筑物和地质特征。