引入的

In this paper,a systematic direct perturbation method of dark solitons is found.Having analyzed the mistakes in earlier works on perturbation method for dark solitonsand essence of the direct perturbation method for bright solitons,we notice that to in-troduce the adjoint solutions of the squared Jost solutions and to prove the completenessare crucial to the problem.Giving up the unnecessary scheme of introducing the adjointoperator in the bright soliton case,we directly find the adjoint solutions by meetingthe demand for the orthogonality that inner product of the squared Jost solutions andits adjoint should be proportional to a δ function in the case of continuous spectra.The corresponding adjoint operator is thus found.Taking into account the reductiontransformation,we find a correct description for the completeness of the squared Jostsolutions and directly verify its validity with explicit expressions of the squared Jostsolutions.

本论文建立了系统的暗孤子直接微扰方法，在对前人关于暗孤子微扰方法的错误以及亮孤子直接微扰方法的本质作了充分的分析后，认识到引入平方Jost解的伴随解和证明完备性是问题的关键，撇开过去亮孤子情况首先引入伴随算子的非必要作法，直接从平方Jost解与其伴随解的内积在连续谱时正比于δ函数这一正交性要求出发，找出了伴随解，同时得出了应有的伴随算子，在考虑到约化变换性后，得到了暗孤子情况的平方Jost解的完备性的正确表述，并在单个暗孤子的情况利用平方Jost解的显式直接验证了它的正确性。

Based on the prior art, the optical engine according to the invention has the improvements that, three optical axis steering components are respectively introduced into red, green and blue light illumination systems, and an optical axis lengthening structure is introduced into the green light illumination system, so that optical axes of the red, green and blue light illumination systems, each of which is from an LED resource to the optical axis steering component, are counterclockwise rotated for 90 degrees, parallel with each other, parallel with an optical axis of a projection lens, arranged in a same plane and positioned under the projection lens, luminous faces of three LED luminous chips of the red, green and blue light illumination systems are in a same plane, and the three LED luminous chips can be mounted on a same heat-radiating plate, therefore, the heat-radiating system has a simplified structure, and the optical engine has reduced size.

在背景技术所述的光学引擎的基础上作以下改进，在红、绿、蓝光照明系统中引入三个光轴转向器件和在绿光照明系统中引入光路加长结构，旨使：红、绿、蓝光照明系统各自的从LED光源至光轴转向器件部分的光轴朝逆时针方向转动90°、互相平行、与投影镜头的光轴平行、居同一平面和位于投影镜头的下方，红、绿、蓝光照明系统的三个LED发光芯片的发光面居同一平面，三个LED发光芯片可安装在同一块散热平板上，散热系统的结构简化，所述的光学引擎的尺寸减小。

Through the Radon transformation of the normally ordered Wigner operator we introduce two mutually conjugate intermediate coordinate- momentum representations. Based on them we construct the appropriate quantum phase space theory which includes the new Wigner operator adapting to this space and construct the appropriate generalized Fredholm operator equation and then find its solution. We then deriving the Hermite polynomials operator identities by applying the Fredholm equation. We also reveal the connection between the generalized Wigner operator and the 2-dimension normal distribution in statistics, which is useful to study the quantum tomogram. As the application of the entanglement Husimi operator theory we calculate the Wigner function and the Husimi function of the one- and two-mode combination squeezed state , study their characters through drawing the three-dimensional graphics.

由正规序Wigner算符的拉登变换引入了两个互为共轭的中介坐标-动量表象，在此基础上我们建立了相应的量子相空间理论，其中包括引入适合该空间的新的Wigner算符；并在该表象的基础上，建立了广义Fredholm算符方程，求出了它的解，并运用该方程导出有关厄米多项式的算符公式；揭示广义Wigner算符与统计学中的随机变量的二维正态分布形式上的相似，这对于研究量子态的tomogram(是英文Tomography的派生词)有用。

This project studies the scale-dependent deformation behavior of the metal matrix composite, the void nucleation and void growth mechanisms at the micron/submicron scale. The main results are:(1) In prophase, growth and coalescence of the void embedded in the graded matrix are analyzed in detailed;(2) Based on the infinite solid model containing a micro-void, coupling effects of the void shape and the void size on the void growth are studied carefully, the results show that it seems to exist a critical equivalent void radius, which is associated with the material length. When radius of a microvoid is close to or smaller than the critical void radius, the micro-void growth rate is essentially eliminated;(3) The coupling effects of the particle shape and size on the mesoscopic stress fields within the particle and matrix are also investigated by introducing the conception of inclusion/matrix interfacial energy. The results show that the stress concentration factors within the particle and on the matrix/particle interface are also strongly size-dependent,so the void nucleation mechanism is size-dependent.(4) By employing a specific orthogonal curve coordinate frame and a 'kernel function' conception, a 'unified method'solving the spheriodal and spherical void problems is suggested; by this unified method, size-dependent plastic potentials of the porous materials containing the spheriodal or spherical voids are obtained, which extend the traditional Gurson model for the spherical void and GLD model for the spheriodal voids to the micron scale.(5) Based on the RVE model containing the spheriodal or spherical particles, the influences of the particle shape and size on the size-dependent mechanical behavior of metal matrix composite are studied.

中文摘要：本项目对金属基复合材料在微细观尺度下的尺度相关变形行为、孔洞形核及长大的机理和模型进行了研究，取得了如下主要结果：1）在前期研究中，探讨了基体的梯度分布对孔洞长大和聚合的影响；2）基于含孔洞的无限大体模型，探讨了孔洞形状和孔洞尺寸对其长大的耦合作用，结果表明：可能存在一个与材料特征长度相关的临界孔洞尺寸，当椭球孔洞的等效半径小于临界孔洞半径时，孔洞的长大受到明显抑制；3）通过引入基体/夹杂界面能的概念，分析了夹杂尺寸、夹杂形状对材料细观应力场的耦合影响，结果表明：颗粒内部和界面上的应力集中因子强烈地依赖于夹杂的尺寸和形状，因此，孔洞的形核机理是尺寸相关的；4）采用一种特殊的正交曲线坐标系和引入"核函数"的概念，"统一"地得到了含椭球和球形孔洞的材料的尺寸相关塑性势，它将传统的Gurson球形孔洞模型和GLD椭球孔洞模型推广到微尺度范围；5）基于含椭球和球形夹杂的体胞模型，初步研究了夹杂形状、夹杂尺寸对金属基复合材料尺寸相关力学行为的影响。

A new method of controlling moving path in real-time for engineering animation is presented based on de Boer algorithm for B-spline construction.

本文引入一种新的实时控制工程动画运动路径的方法，以构造B样条的德波尔算法为基础，在初始驱动样条路径上进行节点插入的局部升阶，生成新的插入节点u，并实时响应控制参数的输入v，将输入参数节点与节点插入生成的节点形成一组控制节点用来控制样条的偏移度，然后引入关于时间t的线性函数的质量权重Wk来控制路径曲线的偏移量。

When processing the restrained conditions, we convert the restrained conditions into punish function and add it to fitness function which profits from the conventional method. We introduce the support vector machine to the selection operator, which increases the multiplicity of selection and increases the probability of the algorithm getting the overall optimal solution. Also, we use the adaptive probabilities of crossover and mutation in mixed GAs which enhances the efficiency of the algorithm. The result of tests about the system indicates that the improved genetic algorithm has more high convergence speed and better solution quality.

在生成初始种群时，不是简单的随机生成，而是用支持向量机对历史数据进行分类，用较优的一类历史数据作为初始种群；在约束条件的处理上，本文借鉴常规方法中的罚函数法，采用将约束条件作为罚函数包含到适应度评价中去的方法；在选择算子上，本文引入了支持向量机的方法，增加了选择的多样性，增加算法搜索到全局最优解的概率；同时针对交叉概率和变异概率在算法的前后期不同的情况，本文引入了Srinvivas等提出的动态自适应的方法，使得交叉概率和变异概率能够随着算法中个体的质量动态改变，提高算法的效率。

The effect of zeolites ion-exchanged by transition metals on thermal catalytic cracking reaction is studied. The product distributions of the cracking reactions catalyzed by theβor ZSM-5 zeolites exchanged with transition metals are different from that catalyzed by corresponding Hzeolites, which means the mechanism of cracking reactions has varied. Group Ⅷ metals Fe, Co, Ni and Cu, Zn are shown to be of strong catalytic activity of oxidative dehydrogenation, while Ti and Cr are not of oxidative activity. Catalyzed by zeolites or catalyst containing Ag, conversion of thermal catalytic cracking reactions and the yield of ethylene increase while the yield of propylene does not decrease. Silver can not only promote the formation of carbonium ion, but also convert carbonium ion into free-radical via redox reaction. The weak adsorption of olefins on silver reduces the occurrence of hydrogen transfer and dehydrogenation. As a result, the yield of light olefins is favored by silver in the catalyst.

采用过渡金属交换的分子筛作为催化剂，进行催化热裂解制取乙烯的反应，研究发现，在β沸石分子筛和ZSM-5分子筛中引入过渡金属后，催化热裂解反应的产物分布与相应的氢型分子筛相比有了较大的变化，说明过渡金属的加入对于催化热裂解反应的机理具有影响，Ⅷ族金属如Fe、Co、Ni和第Ⅰ、Ⅱ副族Cu、Zn表现出较强的氧化脱氢活性，产物中氢气、焦炭的产率很高，Ti、Cr则未表现出氧化作用：分子筛及催化剂中引入银后，催化热裂解反应的转化率和乙烯的产率有了提高，丙烯产率没有很大的变化，说明银在催化热裂解反应中能够促进正碳离子的生成，又有可能通过氧化-还原作用部分改变反应机理，促进了自由基的生成，并且由于银对烯烃的吸附很弱，其氢转移反应和脱氢、加氢活性比较低，有利于烯烃产率的提高。

Further more, we discuss four related issues:(1) Through reducing the number of operations in history buffer, we can optimize the efficiency for running continuously;(2) Support Undo operation for collaborative document editor through involving a delete counter for each object;(3) Introduce a new timestamp model to support concurrent operations in a single site for shared data;(3) Through involving a NOOP operation and executing transaction operation with all related NOOP operations to guarantee transaction operation is serialized.

进一步，本文讨论了一致性维护的四个相关问题：（1）通过精简操作的历史队列，实现算法持续执行时的效率优化；（2）通过引入对象节点的删除计数器，实现对文档的协同编著中的Undo操作支持；（3）介绍了一个新的支持单站点上共享数据的并发操作的时间戳模型；（4）通过引入空操作NOOP且保持事务操作和相应的NOOP操作同时执行，保证事务操作的序列化。

The results of calculation will be fundmentally consistent with the experimental values.In addition, we calculated dibenzene chromium and its derivatives, ferroceneand its derivatives. The former had higher symmetry. We studied the substituenteffects by calculating their NMR spectra. The results show that: when we add asubstitute group on one ring of dibenzene chromium, the substitute group will affecttwo benzene rings. The effect is similar to the effect of branched alkanes, namely:the effect on neighbouring groups has transmissibility. Furthermore, the nearer theneighbouring group is, the stronger the effect is. This effect is observed not only onthe substituted ring, but also on the unsubstituted ring.

此外，我们重点计算了二苯铬及其衍生物和二茂铁及其衍生物的核磁共振谱，其中二苯铬及其衍生物选择的是对称性较好的体系，通过计算其核磁共振四川师范大学硕士学位论文谱，探讨其取代基效应，结果表明：在二苯铬的一个环上引入取代基后，取代基对两个苯环的影响，类似于支链院烃引入取代基后的影响：即对邻近基团的影响有传递性，并且对离得近的作用强，对离得远的作用弱，这种作用不仅体现在连有取代基的环上，也体现在没有带取代基的环上。

However, the results of the previous works about the first-order phase transition are confused and even contradict each other.In this paper, the properties of the phase transition in the transverse spin-2 Ising model with different single-ion anisotropies are studied employing mean-field theory and correlated effective-field theory.

目前，研究最活跃的是所谓的Blume-Capel模型(简单记为BC模型，是只考虑线性交换作用和单离子各向异性的Ising模型)及其扩展模型(引入横场的BC模型和引入无序的BC模型)，但关于BC模型及其扩展模型的一阶相变的结果还很模糊。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。