引入的

Following such study clue, I gradually introduced the factors that should be taken into account in discretionary disclosure and integrated all the theories in a frame. Firstly, I introduced the concept of "proprietary cost" and analyzed the level and strategies of disclosure which were taken by firms.

本文按照逐步引入影响因素的方法将现有的理论串成一线：首先引入"专有性成本"这一因素，分析了专有性成本理论框架下公司选择性披露水平及决策问题；在此基础上，引入了产品市场竞争因素，分析了不同产品市场竞争环境下公司的选择性披露决策；接着，笔者又将金融市场竞争因素引入，解释了为什么上市公司事实上并非完全遵循产品市场竞争环境下的披露策略，而会出现披露的"羊群行为"。

In a disk device, a base body (10) has a drawing lever (80) for inserting a disk, a discharge lever (100) for discharging the disk, and a slider mechanism for pivoting the drawing lever (80) and the discharge lever (100). The slider mechanism has a first cam groove for sliding a first pin of the drawing lever (80) and a second cam groove for sliding a second pin of the discharge lever (100). The drawing lever (80) pivots when the first pin slides in the first cam groove as the slider mechanism operates, and the discharge lever (100) pivots when the second pin slides in the second cam groove as the slider mechanism operates.

该光盘装置，在基座本体(10)上设置插入光盘的引入杆(80)、排出光盘的排出杆(100)以及使引入杆(80)和排出杆(100)转动的滑动机构；在滑动机构上具有使引入杆(80)的第一销滑动的第一凸轮槽和使排出杆(100)的第二销滑动的第二凸轮槽；通过第一销随着滑动机构的动作在第一凸轮槽内滑动，引入杆(80)进行转动，通过第二销随着滑动机构的动作在第二凸轮槽内滑动，排出杆(100)进行转动。

Chapter 1 gives the background,current research process of relatedproblems and summarizes this thesis\'s work.In chapter 2,we study the Brownian motion with holding and jumping on the boundary.We use the resolvent method to obtain the infinitesimal generator because the domain of the infinitesimal generator is essentially the same as the range of the resolvent.Knowledge of this range and of the differential operator determines uniquely the infinitesimal generator.Since the semigroup generated by the DHJ is not strongly continuous,to use the nice property of strongly continuous semigroup in analytic theory,in chapter 3 we show that the dual is strongly continuous and derive ergodicity through spectral radius formulas and finally obtain the ergodic theorem by duality. In chapter 4,we discuss a class of a more general process---one dimensional Feller diffusion proposed by W.Feller in 1954.The Feller diffusion allows the possibility of jumps from boundary to boundary,not only from boundary to the interior.We give the stationary distribution of this process.

具体地，本文的结构如下：第一章给出了问题产生的背景，研究现状及本文的主要工作；第二章研究了在边界上逗留后随机跳的布朗运动，我(来源：3dABC论文网www.abclunwen.com)们用预解算子的方法得到其无穷小生成元，因为无穷小生成元的定义域本质上就是预解算子的值域，知道这个值域和微分算子形式就能唯一地决定无穷小生成元；由于DHJ过程产生的半群不是强连续的，为利用强连续半群的一些漂亮性质，在第三章中我们证明其对偶半群是强连续的，然后由谱半径公式得到遍历性并且最后由对偶得到遍历定理；第四章讨论了Feller在1954年引入的更广的一类过程----一维Feller扩散过程，Feller扩散过程允许有从边界到边界的跳发生，即不仅仅局限于从边界到内部的跳，在这一章中，我们给出了一维Feller扩散过程的平稳分布；在第五章，我们讨论了一些相关的问题，给出了DHJ过程对应的PDE问题及特征值与收敛速度的关系。

But in our insiders control transitional economy, because the shares of the companies with higher information asymmetry are overpriced, the possibility to use long term bank debt is low while if companies of this kind import long tern bank debt, the information asymmetry can be reduced. The benefit of monitoring exceeds the cost so that the corporate governance can be improved which will bring better corporate performance; shares of companies with lower information asymmetry do not get much overprice, the possibility of using long term bank debt of this kind of companies is higher while the benefit is smaller than the cost.

但在我国的内部人控制的转型经济中，信息不对称程度高的公司由于股票在公开市场的溢价程度高，引入长期银行借款的可能性反而小，其实这种类型的公司如果引入银行债务的监督，则会减轻信息不对称程度，债务的监督收益将大于债务的成本，从而带来公司治理结构的改善，最终将带来公司绩效的提升；信息不对称程度低的公司由于其股票在公开市场的溢价程度比信息不对称程度高的公司低，反而更有可能引入长期银行借款，但这种类型的公司引入长期银行借款的成本大于收益，将会导致业绩的降低。

So two methods are used to remove the local relation. One is that extremal index is introduced to POT model. The analysis showed that the introduction of extremal index improves validity and veracity of VaR based on POT model. Still VaR based on POT model introducing extremal index is invalid in low confidence level. The other is to filter returns series using GARCH model.

为此引入两种方法来消除超阈值的局部相关性：一是将极值指标引入到POT模型中，实证分析发现极值指标的引入不仅改善了POT模型估计VaR的有效性，而且还提高了POT模型估计的准确性，尽管如此在较低的置信水平上即便引入极值指标，POT模型估计VaR仍是无效的；二是用GARCH模型对收益率序列进行过滤处理。

On this basis, according to historical data, apply ANN and differential simulation method to get the quantitatively correlative relations between each production and its own influence factors, and introduce the new methods of prediction for dynamic indexes with gas-field development (The combinatorial prediction method based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the method of ANN to select optimally combinatorial prediction models and the ANN prediction method based on genetic algorithm).(2) Base on mathematical programming, combine with quantitative economics and techno-economics, introduce economical indexes to establish production"s distribution optimal model, production"s constitution optimal model and measured production"s constitution optimal model, including multi-objective models and five-years models. Upon this, the optimal project for all gas field and each gas-collected factory can be got. Also, introduce the time value of capitals to improve on these models.(3) Base on the optimal solution theory and algorithm theory for the nonlinear programming problem, introduce the SUMT algorithm and genetic algorithm to study how to solve the models, and on the basis of normal genetic algorithm, make use of auto-adaptively modulating method to improve on normal genetic algorithm; Base on algorithm"s convergence theory and calculation"s complexity theory to analyze seriatim SUMT algorithm"s convergence and genetic algorithms convergence, and compare performance with each other.

在此基础上，利用神经网络方法和微分模拟方法根据历史数据得到各分项产量与其影响因素之间的定量关联关系，并引入气田开发动态指标新的预测方法(基于模糊综合评判的组合预测方法、神经网络优选组合预测模型预测方法以及基于遗传优化的神经网络预测方法)；(2)以数学规划为基础，结合数量经济学和技术经济学，引入经济指标建立产量分配优化模型、产量构成优化模型、措施产量构成优化模型、气田开发多目标规划模型以及五年规划模型，进而获得全气田及各采气厂的最优方案，并引入资金时间价值对五年规划模型进行改进；(3)以非线性规划问题的最优解及算法理论为基础，引入SUMT算法以及遗传算法对模型的求解进行研究，并在原有的遗传算法基础上，引入自适应调整方法对遗传算法进行改进；以算法的收敛性理论和计算复杂性理论为基础，逐一分析SUMT算法以及遗传算法的收敛性，并比较三种算法的优劣性。

The analysis of SAR reveals that the activities of target compounds are closely associated with the electron-withdrawing substituents at the para position of 1-aryl-1, 2, 4 -triazoles as well as with the substituents such as sulfonyl and methylthio groups at the 3 position of 1, 2, 4 -triazoles; And the introduction of sulfamoyl moiety at the para position of 5-aryl-1,2,4-triazoles also has significant influence on the anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds.

构效关系分析发现，在三唑环1位芳基的对位引入F、Cl、Br吸电子基团以及3位引入磺酰基和甲硫基，对抗炎活性有重要的意义；在三唑环5位芳基的对位引入氨磺酰基，对抗炎活性有较大影响。

But he did the first sound in animation, the first color, the first compositing of animation with live action, and the first applications of xerography in animation production.

事实上是他最早在动画引入声音，引入色彩，引入动画与真实表演的结合，最早在动画制作中使用静电复印术。

A series of reforms had carried out: competition has been introduced in railage to disintegrate the administrational monopoly system; measures are taken to separate the operation airport and aviation, more and more competitors joined in, a competitive market had come into being gradually; to increase the efficiency, different capital were invited the building compete each other; the competitive market structure has formed.

我国还进行了一系列的改革：铁路方面引入竞争，打破&大一统&的行政垄断管理体制；民航实行&场航分离&，增加竞争主体，逐步形成竞争性的民航市场；公路输运业在基础设施建设方面引入多元化资本，引入竞争，提高效率。各个运输方式之间也展开了激烈的竞争，运输市场竞争格局初步形成。

We also simulate the environment of photon experiment, and calculate the effect by use of fourfold symmetry torsion pendulum, we find that the double frequency effect caused by gravitational gradient is reduced a magnitude when we buildup the symmetry of measurement system.

我们还对二重对称扭秤的光子实验数据进行了分析，结果发现二倍频的效应为10~(-12)Nm 的量级，通过计算分析我们发现扭秤周围环境的不对称所引入的引力梯度效应是不容忽视的，因此针对喻家山人防山洞的具体情况，我们对光子实验的实际环境进行了模拟计算，理论分析结果表明对于二重对称的扭秤而言，环境不对称的影响引起的力矩效应为5.4940×10~(-10) Nm，对于四重对称的扭秤来说，效应为1.8668×10~(-11)Nm，可以看到随着扭秤对称性的增加，引力梯度的效应减小了一个数量级。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。