引入

Secondly, by applying inverse Fourier integral transform to the displacement, and uniting the constitutive and geometrical equations, the analytical expression of stress in Laplace domain were derived. Thirdly, by defining dislocation density functions, the Cauchy singular integral equations were obtained according to the boundary condition and interface connection conditions, and the problem was reduced to algebraic equations by Chebyshev orthogonal polynomial. Based the these, the unknown coefficient of the algebraic equations can be solved by Schmidt method. Finally, the time response of dynamic stress intensity factor and energy release rate are obtained by inverse Laplace transform.

首先，利用积分变换方法，推导出粘弹性层的控制方程组；其次，引入位错密度函数，并结合边界条件和界面连接条件，导出反映裂纹尖端奇异性的Cauchy型奇异积分方程组，然后，应用Chebyshev正交多项式化奇异积分方程组为代数方程组，并采用Schmidt方法对其数值求解，最后，经过Laplace逆变换，求得动态应力强度因子和能量释放率的时间响应。

It is a system of differential algebraic equations.This dissertation focuses on the dynamic simulations for different processes.

面向方程的动态建模将时间变量引入到模型系统，即系统内部的性质随着时间而变。

In chapter 3, we give a simple depiction for the main problem and results studied in this paper. We will introduced the so called characteristic algebraic system related to the problem and get simple descriptions for the blow-up criteria.

第三章简单叙述了本文要研究的主要问题及结论，并引入了包含所有非线性参数的特征代数方程组，用以统一而简洁地刻画所研究问题的临界指标。

The top image has its align attribute set to "left," so the text flows around it to the right.

Netscape 为 align 属性引入了 left 和 right 两个值，使文本能够环绕图像。

From the point of view of molecular design, Al is a good candidate to introduce to the BO〓 groups to form a series of new alkali metal al...

本论文从分子设计的角度，在BO〓基团中引入Al原子，获得了一系列新的碱金属铝硼酸盐化合物。

In addition, the existence of metallic atoms makes the phenol oxygen atoms more reactive which may be one of the reasons that alkali metal salts are more sensitive than TNPG.

同时， 金属离子的引入增大了酚羟基上的氧原子的活性，这也可能是导致碱金属盐比TNPG敏感的原因之一。

Before regeneration, 160 kg LAB product/kg catalyst can be obtained with over 98% of alkene conversion.

研究还表明，在Y型分子筛中引入Sr~(2+)后能增强分子筛对苯的吸附能力，在反应温度下使苯仍能维持活化吸附状态。

After hydrogenation of the double bond and the addition of alkyne to a carbonyl we introduced the N-hydroxy group by SN2 reaction.

不对称氢化和炔负离子对羰基的立体选择性加成构建了两个新的手性中心，之后用羟胺衍生物对羟基的SN2取代反应引入了羟胺片断。

In the course of concrete research, this text sums up the relevant theories of summarizing BOT project at first, carry on careful analysis to interests relevant that involve, introduce the fuzzy evaluation assessment while to appraisal of risk, have perfected the risk theory of BOT project, and break through the constraint that BOT project practice on this basis, design and set up the mechanism of allocation of risks of BOT project, and to the concrete arrangement of measure.

在具体研究过程中，本文首先归纳总结了BOT项目的相关理论，并对涉及的利益相关人进行细致的分析，在对风险评价的过程中引入模糊评价法，在此基础上突破BOT项目实践的束缚，设计、建立BOT项目风险分担机制，并对具体的措施加以安排。

It also designs the AHP and fuzzy overall evaluation methods to the risk evaluation system of PPP item and analyses the allocation of risks with model of mathematics from the unitary and optimize angle.

最后，本文理论联系实际，对我国运用PPP的典型工程实例——北京地铁四号线项目的风险进行了实证分析，得出北京地铁四号线引入PPP模式其意义不仅在四号线本身，它将成为我国基础设施建设融资模式的一个新样本。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。