引入

MGM is introduced to solve field distributions in 3-D electron optical systems. The difference equation, the discrete form of Laplace's equation, is deduced in 3-D Cartesian coordinates. In view of the smooth effect, MGM combines Gauss-Seidel iteration with a technique known as coarse grid correction. Formulae for restriction and prolongation are deduced and expressed in terms of tensors.

将多重网格法引入电子光学系统中三维静电场的计算，对三维笛卡尔坐标系中的差分方程，采用高斯-赛德尔迭代法求解差分方程组，并结合迭代过程讨论了粗网格的误差校正技术；在不同网格层之间进行场值的限制和延拓，推导了三维静电场中的限制、延拓公式并以张量的形式表示。

It is said that the second half of the property market introduction of a number of relevant good policy.

有人说，下半年的房地产市场引入了一些有关的好政策。

The concept of statistical property transformation is discussed according to the situation in which channel input is stationary and non-identically independent distribution with a priori known autocorrelation function.

在此基础上针对输入信号为平稳非独立同分布且有已知自相关函数的情况，引入统计特性变换，导出了变换阵的闭式解。

By means of proposing a priori Markovian transition probability used in the model predictive probability in input synthesize, the IMM estimation algorithm not only utilizes the sufficiency system's posteriori information, but also utilizes rationally the system's priori information, which enhances estimation performance highly Theoretical analysis and simulation show the IMM algorithm is one of the most cost-effective schemes in all generalized pseudo Bayesian algorithms.

IMM估计方法通过在用于输入综合的模型预测概率中引入一个马尔可夫先验转移概率，使得IMM估计不但充分地利用了系统的后验信息，而且合理地利用了系统的先验信息，从而大大地提高了估计的精度和性能。理论分析和仿真结果表明：IMM估计方法是各种广义伪贝叶斯算法中性能最优的一种自适应估计算法。

In chapter three,we have derived a generalized dual London equation for the Abelian "electric" field A_μfrom the effective dual Abelian-Higgs model.The approximative result and the numerical simulation result as well as their figs were shown via solving the dual Abelian-Higgs model with different methods.Hereby the vortex solution of the chromo-electric field and the vortex energy density were also discussed.Finally,we have studied the dual Abelian-Higgs model with additional vacuum constant,and have unpuzzled the vacuum constant corresponding to the bag model.When the quark sources is introduced, the vacuum constant in the MIT bag model is proportional to the quartic of the monopole mass.

利用不同方法求解该方程，给出了该方程的近似结果和数值模拟结果，并分别对两种情形画出图像作了比较，据此还讨论了色电场的涡旋解及能量密度，最后讨论了含有附加真空常数的对偶阿贝尔-黑格斯模型并对应口袋模型给出了附加真空常数的物理解释，引入夸克源之后还预言麻省口袋模型中的真空常数正比于单极质量的四次方。

Secondly, it has drawn out the pointed YD-Lie algebras definition, in the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules, let Z be a torsion-free abelian group, if we have a symmetric braiding c, for each G-graded algebra V over the G-graded space, a new Lie superalgebra with an operation _c satisfying an actions, then we can obtain a new Lie superalgebra, this paper to call it pointed YD-Lie algebra.

其次引出了点YD-李代数，即：在Yetter-Drinfeld模范畴中，对任意的一个G-分次代数Z(G为无挠群V，引入对称辫子c后，在V内作_c运算，即可得到一种新的李代数(本文称之为点YD-李代数)。

This algorithm solves the original algorithm's problems such as introducing artificial shadow and gray-level aberrance.

该算法解决了原有算法中需要进行缺失边缘的封闭重建和人为假定封闭区域内灰度相等从而引入人为干扰和灰度畸变的问题。

However, the results of the previous works about the first-order phase transition are confused and even contradict each other.In this paper, the properties of the phase transition in the transverse spin-2 Ising model with different single-ion anisotropies are studied employing mean-field theory and correlated effective-field theory.

目前，研究最活跃的是所谓的Blume-Capel模型(简单记为BC模型，是只考虑线性交换作用和单离子各向异性的Ising模型)及其扩展模型(引入横场的BC模型和引入无序的BC模型)，但关于BC模型及其扩展模型的一阶相变的结果还很模糊。

The introduction of supervisor system, made the procedure of bankrupt more market and specialization, also it is one of the most prominences of the new Enterprise Bankruptcy Law.

内容摘要：2006年8月27日通过的新企业破产法引入了管理人制度，管理人制度的引入使破产程序更加市场化和专业化，也是新企业破产法最重要的亮点之一。

The introduced kan gene in EBV-BAC genome was eliminated specifically by the recombinase FLP when transformed by plasmid pCP20, leaving an FRT scar of 69 bp.

这种经改进并程序化的方法，也适应于引入其它突变或在其它BAC-疱疹病毒基因组中引入突变。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。