异系的

It was also found that the chromosomes paired well and formed a rod heteromorphic bivalent in the hybrid F1[73(36)9-1×CSDT 1BL]. Whereas 73(36)9-1 produced mainly configuration of 20''+1'+t' when test-crossed with CSDT 1BS. It showed that the translocation occurred on chromosome 1B short arm, and this segment came from rye chromosome 1RL. In the present paper we discussed also the way in which the translocation might be caused, and concluded that it was formed through reunion of two kind telocentrica (1BL and 1RL) after simultaneous misdivision of two univalent chromosomes (a wheat chromosome 1B, and a rye 1R).

同时还发现，73（36）9-1和"中国春"双端体的1BL能很好地配对并形成一个棒状的异形二价体，而它和CSDT 1BS的染色体则主要产生20+1′+t′的构型，从而证明易位发生的可能途径，推断是由于在F1花粉母细胞中的两个单价体（一个是小麦染色体1B，一个是黑麦染色体1R）同时进行错分裂之后产生的两种端着丝点染色体（1BL和1RL）重新并合形成的，因而冬小麦73（36）9-1可能是一个自发产生的易位系。

We aim to screen and identify the key potential trans-factors during hemoglobin switch. We firstly analyzed differential expression of mRNAs in erythroid induction cultures of CD34+ cells derived from normal umbilical cord blood, adult bone marrow, and bone marrow of a heterocellular hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin patient. We identified ZF (HCF-binding transcription factor, Zhangfei) and SH3GLB1(SH3-domain GRB2-like endophilin B1) that had differential expression in the above three cultures. Furthermore, we confirmed the different expression of the above two genes by quantitative real-time PCR.

为鉴别影响珠蛋白基因表达和开关的新的重要调节因子，我们首先分析了人脐带血、正常成人骨髓和异细胞型胎儿血红蛋白持续存在综合症患者骨髓细胞红系诱导培养物中基因表达的差异，发现ZF(HCF-binding transcription factor，Zhangfei)和SH3GLB1（SH3-domain GRB2-like endophilin B1）在这三种不同来源的红细胞内具有显著的表达差异，并通过实时定量PCR方法验证了差异的真实性。

The transforming growth factor-β superfamily, a large group of highly conserved growth factors including TGF-βs, activins and BMPs, regulate a wide variety of cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and migration. Signals from these growth factors are transduced by a group of Smad proteins. To date, there are nine vertebrate Smads, including the receptor-activated Smads , Smadsl-3, 5 and 8, the common mediator Smad4 and Smad4β, and the inhibitory Smads, Smad6 and 7. Signaling is initiated when the ligand induces assembly of a heteromeric complex of type Ⅱ and type Ⅰ TGFβ receptors. Then R-Smads are directly phosphorylated by activated type I TGF-β receptors.

在多种SMADS中，SMAD5令我们产生兴趣，基于三个原因：1、Smad5基因敲除胚胎中发现卵黄囊的异位造血以及CFU-GM祖细胞数目增加，表明SMAD5可能是早期造血发育的负向调控基因。；2、应用反义核酸封闭Smad5可以逆转TGF-β对祖细胞增殖的抑制效应，表明它可能介导TGF-β信号转导，后者的异常，包括某些SMADS的功能异常，和白血病紧密相关；3、Smad5基因定位在人染色体5q21，此区域的缺失和急性髓系白血病和骨髓增生异常综合症相关，因此，Smad5被怀疑为白血病抑制基因。

Large condensate gas pools are developed in the Ordovician and Carboniferous in the Lunnan low salient. Geochemical study shows that the Ro of gas condensate in these gas pools is in the range of 0.8% 1.0%(far below the threshold of R o＝1.3％ for thermal cracking), and the condensate gas is overmature dry gas (with R o＞2.0%). Moreover, the crude oil and dry gas in the study area were charged in different stages, indicating that the genesis of the condensate gas was not thermal cracking.

轮南低凸起奥陶系及石炭系发育大规模的凝析气藏，地球化学的研究结果表明，这些凝析气藏中凝析油 Rc 在0.8%~1.0％（远低于热裂解成因 R o＝1.3％的门限），凝析气为过成熟干气（回归 R o＞2.0％）；同时，区内原油与干气的充注期相异，表明轮南地区的凝析气藏并非热裂解成因的产物。

ChapterⅠintroduces the intention, significance and methods of the research from the angle of Chinese historical phonetics. Following the course of re-examining materials, ChapterⅡsurveys the pattern of rhyme, excerpting the metrical feet, ChapterⅢconnects the rhyme categories, the rhyme of different systems contacting with each other, and literary reading and colloquial reading. ChapterⅣcompares the rhyme cateories of traditional Hua-gu opera in Changsha with traditional rhyme tablesd, as well as those of traditional Hua-gu opera in Shaoyang. The total study is conducted to become united with dialect. ChapterⅤcontains the surplus discussion with three theories: the rhyming quality, the connection between rhyme categories and oral speech, between those of literary readings in traditional Hua-gu opera.

本文正文分为五章：第一章从音韵学角度，讨论了花鼓戏用韵研究的背景、意义以及研究方法；接着谨遵韵脚字系联法的步骤，第二章侧重材料分析，包括甄别材料、审度韵例、摘录韵字，第三章侧重韵部系统，包括归纳韵部、异部相押以及文白异读的情况；第四章对传统剧目的韵部系统进行了纵横(与邵阳传统花鼓戏韵部系统的比较)两条线的考察，结合方言是纵横考察过程中的重要环节；第五章是余论部分，主要讨论了三个理论性问题：长沙传统花鼓戏押韵的性质、韵部与实际语音的关系以及与长沙读书音的关系。

Her many ge blades show greater variety and more distinct shapes than those known in Chinese contexts, while other weapons and tools daggers and knives with animal-head or jingled pommels, socketed pickaxes, bow-shaped fittings, and shield ornaments are clearly non- Chinese in origin.

其中出土的许多刀刃展现了比已知的中原类型更丰富的种类且相异的外型；与此同时出土的其他一些武器，工具-动物型刀柄或系铃的匕首和小刀，凹型的鹤嘴锄，弓形装配以及一些盾面装饰：这一些器物都明显是非中原的渊源。

Her many ge blades show greater variety and more distinct shapes than those known in Chinese contexts, while other weapons and tools – daggers and knives with animal-head or jingled pommels, socketed pickaxes, bow-shaped fittings, and shield ornaments – are clearly non- Chinese in origin.

其中出土许多刀刃展现了比已知的中原类型更丰富的种类且相异的外型；与此同时出土的其他一些武器，工具-动物型刀柄或系铃的匕首和小刀，凹型的鹤嘴锄，弓形装配以及一些盾面装饰：这一些器物都明显是非中原的渊源。

Methods Four transducers were set in head, oral cavity, larynx and chest cavity, respectively, recording the characteristics of spectral energy and distribution among 63 singers when pronouncing/a/ with low, medium, high tonalities respectively.

结论歌唱发声时的共振系统并非一个统一的共振频率，而是根据发声腔体的形状、共鸣位置及组织结构的不同而各异：各声部的特征丰兽与声带的自然结构、其振系缔的善异及喉内各肌。

It is needless to say that the cognates who remain over, after deducting the agnates, are those who would be relatives under the system of kinship through females only. If the one system involved anomalies so did also the other.

保存在诺曼底习俗中禁止同母异父兄弟相互继承土地的规定，证明了那里男系亲属的早先流行；而在一些地区，如在刚果人中，王冠从叔伯传给姐妹的儿子几乎完全是留下来为证明通过女性的血族关系制度早先的流行。

Single component and multi\|component of iron system colloidal catalyst \Ali\|Bu\-3CH\-2CHCH\-2Cl\ were mixed by different ratios in hydrogenated gasoline medium at 25℃.This paper studied the relationship between the nonaqueous systematic electroconductivity and the concentration of catalyst components.In combination with Tyndall effect,polymerization experimental results,Ali\|Bu\-3 existed in associated state and dissociated into ionpair.The reaction between Ali\|Bu\-3 and Fenaph\-2 was the main reaction which formed colloidal core.Ali\|Bu\-3 reacted on CH\-2CHCH\-2Cl and Ali\|Bu\-2Cl was yielded which joined the formation of active center on the surface of colloidal core.The excessive Ali\|Bu\-3 was dissociated into ionpair which formed double electrode layer,and the double electrode layer kept the colloidal particles relatively stable.

研究了在25℃加氢汽油介质中，铁系胶体催化剂［Fenaph2Ali-Bu3―CH2==CHCH2Cl］单组分、多组分按不同配比混合，非水体系电导率与浓度的关系，结合Tyndall效应，聚合实验结果，得出Ali-Bu3以缔合状态存在并解离成离子对它同环烷酸亚铁的作用是形成胶核的主要反应，与氯丙烯反应生成的氯化异丁基铝，在胶核表面参与形成活性中心由过量Ali-Bu3解离的离子对形成的双电层结构，使胶粒保持相对稳定。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。