异染色体

Its contents are as follow: A description for the characteristics of Agropyron elongatum and its genome; the methods used to overcome the cross-sterility and hybrid sterility; the cross breeding procedure and the genetic analysis for it; the selected hybrids which are the Triticum-Agropyron octoploid species, the alien addition lines, the alien substitution lin...

内容介绍了长穗偃麦草的特性和染色体组型，克服杂交不育和杂种不育的方法，杂交育种的程序及其遗传分析和选出的小偃麦八倍体种、异附加系、异代换系与丰产抗病的小偃麦新品种。

The barley chromosome in wheat was identified by genomic in situ hybridization in which biotin labelled total genomic DNA of barley betzes was used as probe and the unlabelled total DNA of common wheat Chinese Spring as blocking DNA. A series of wheat materials were tested as follows; two disomic alien substitution and monosomic alien addition lines, 2n=43; two monosomic alien substitution lines.

用生物素(Biotin-16-dUTP)标记的大麦Betzes基因组DNA作探针，以普通小麦中国春总DNA作封阻进行基因组原位杂交(Genome in situ hybridiz ation，简称GISH)，从13株小麦-大麦杂交后代中鉴定出2个含有3条大麦B etzes2H染色体的材料(2n=43)；2个2H单体异代换系(2n=42)；7个2H二体异代换系(2n=42)。

Those above prove that monosomic addition line anther culture is one quick and effective approach to transforming the segments of homozygous chromosomes into wheat.

以上结果表明，单体异附加系花药培养是一条向小麦转移异源染色体小片段的快速高效途径。

The extensive variation in chromosome number in root tip cells of three Chinese cabbage-cabbage monosomic alien addition lines with 21 chromosomes, 6-2-4, c-2-4 and d6, was obsevered after vegetative propagation multi-generations. The chromosome number varied from 17 to more than 50. The 25S rDNA signals were very complex in the three different clones.

染色体数目为21条的3个大白菜-结球甘蓝单体异附加系6-2-4、c-2-4和d6，在无性繁殖多代后根尖细胞均出现了广泛的染色体数目变异的现象，变异范围从17条到50多条不等，25S rDNA在这些无性系的FISH杂交信号较为复杂。

Interspecies hybridization and backcrossing is a means to transfer desirable genes from one species to another in breeding programs of higher plants. Monosomic alien addition lines can be produced via addition of single chromosome of an alien donor species to the entire chromosome complement of the recipient species.

在高等植物中，以种间杂交和回交把有益基因从一个物种转移到另一个物种为目的育种项目中，单个外源染色体常常被附加到含有受体细胞完整一套染色体中，形成异源单体附加系。

RT-PCR detection of SYT-SSX mRNA can be used in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues as a sensitive and specific technique in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of synovial sarcoma. 2. The SYT-SSX fusion type is related to histological type and cell proliferative activity of synovial sarcoma. 3. Some characteristic sequence motifs flank genomic breakpoints of chromosomal translocation of synovial sarcoma, including Alu sequences, Translin recognition sequences, topoisomerase Ⅱ recognition sites and palindromic sequences, which may be associated with chromosomal translocation of synovial sarcoma.

1、RT-PCR技术检测SYT-SSX mRNA表达可用于福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋组织，敏感性和特异性高，可用于滑膜肉瘤诊断和鉴别诊断。2、SYT-SSX融合基因类型与滑膜肉瘤组织学分型及细胞增殖活性相关。3、滑膜肉瘤染色体易位断裂点旁存在一些特征性序列，包括Alu序列、易位素识别序列、拓扑异构酶Ⅱ识别位点、回文序列等，可能与其染色体易位发生机制有关。

Furthermore, heterochromatinization should be an earlier event than pericentric inversion.

另外，从刺鳅的X、Y上结构异染色质的相似分布来看，在性染色体进化过程中，异染色质化发生的时间应该早于臂间倒位。

The genomic DNA of Thinopyron intermedium labelled with biotin-16-dUTP was hybridized with the chromosomal DNA of Wheat-Th. intermedium addition Line Z,(2n = 44), which had a good resistance to barley yellow dwarf vims.

以生物素（Biotin－16－dUTP）标记中间偃麦草基因组 DNA为探针，与抗黄矮病小麦－中间偃麦草染色体异附加系Z6进行原位杂交，鉴定出附加的1对中间偃麦草染色体。

It was preliminarily assumed that Z〓Z〓 hybrids were fertile male, and Z〓W〓 hybrids were abnormal and sterile. Negative interactions between Z chromosome from H. assulta and W chromosome from H. armigera maybe the major reasons for abnormality of hybrids.

初步判断，正交产生的子一代中，同配性别的Z〓Z〓为有生育能力的雄性子一代，异配性别的Z〓W〓为无生育能力的畸形子一代；Z〓染色体和W〓染色体的不协调可能是造成子一代生殖器官畸形的主要原因。

Thus before undertaking Female Family Inbreeding / Linebreeding, the understanding of X-Chromosome and drawing correct of X-Chromosome are essential and breeders must determine a correct brood bitch for this purpose.

因此进行母系同种异系交配前，X染色体和绘制正确的X染色体图谱是必要的，繁殖者必须制作一个种母的图。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。