异构体

There are three isomeric pentene(C5H10)that yield 2-methylbutane on catalytic hydrogenation. Write structural formulas for these three isomers and indicate their relative stabilities based on the ΔH values

答：戊烯的三种同分异构体在催化加氢后可生成2-甲基丁烷，写出3个同分异构体的结构式，并依据他们的ΔH值判断出它们的相对稳定性

Diltiazem is an important coronary vasodilating drug and contains two chiral centers while only the (2S, 3S)-isomer has the desired activity.

地尔硫卓是重要的心血管药物，在其分子结构中含有2个手性中心，可产生4个立体异构体，其中只有(2S， 3S)－异构体具有药理活性，因此其立体选择性合成具有很大的挑战性。

Respectively, glutamic acid derivatized β-CD has been synthesized with epoxy chloropropane as the intermediate, a water-insoluble yellow liquid was got after the acetylating of the by using acetic anhydride, which was used as a novel gas chromatographic CSP; A water-soluble β-CD polymer cross-linked with epoxy chloropropane has been synthesized, and the derivatives of β-CD polymer were synthesized by its alkylating and acetylating. The different β-CD derivatives were coated on silica capillary columns by dynamic method, the chromatographic properties and retention behaviors of the fused silica capillary columns were studied, the results showed that the β-CD derivatives had good stereoselectivity and separation results to some compounds, especially to various positional isomers and enantiomers.

本文还分别以环氧氯丙烷为中间体，合成了七{2，6-二-O-[3-(1，3-二羟基丙氨酸)]}-β-环糊精，再用醋酸酐将其乙酰化，得到了一种淡黄色粘稠液体，合成了一种新型的环糊精衍生物；以环氧氯丙烷作交联剂合成了一种水溶性的β-环糊精聚合物，再将其烷基化和酰基化，合成了β-环糊精聚合物的不同衍生物，用动态法将不同类型的β-环糊精衍生物涂渍在石英毛细管柱上，通过对所制备柱柱性能的测试和对一系列化合物的分离和保留行为的研究，结果表明所合成的β-环糊精衍生物对各类化合物，特别是对位置异构体和对映异构体具有较好的分离效果，显示了很强的立体选择性。

The inner ear expressed a tissue-specific splicing isoform of α1D, and that the cell line constantly expressed this isoform can be used in physiologic and pharmacologic researches of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel expressed in cochleae.

内耳毛细胞表达组织特异性的α1D剪切异构体，该异构体在外源表达系统中的表达为今后研究耳蜗α1D L-型钙通道蛋白的电生理和药理特性奠定了基础。

This requirement may be satisfied by the submission of information such as the following: name (generic name, chemical name, code number); Chemical Abstracts Service number if available; description (e.g., appearance, color, physical state); molecular formula and molecular weight; structural formula (including ionic state if applicable); stereochemistry identifying chiral centers, cis-trans isomerism, etc.

该要求可以通过提供下述信息来满足：名称（通用名、化学名、编码等）、化学摘要服务编码、性状描述（如：外观、颜色、物理状态）、分子式和分子重量、结构式、立体化学（找出手性中心、顺式反式异性等）、对映结构体比率（如：外消旋物、规定的异构体、对映异构物和固态形式的混合物）、溶解度概况、分配系数、溶液 pH 值、解离常数、熔点或沸点、折射率、比重。

This requirement may be satisfied by the submission of information such as the following: name (generic name, chemical name, code number ); Chemical Abstracts Service number if available; description (e.g., appearance, color, physical state ); molecular formula and molecular weight; structural formula (including ionic state if applicable ); stereochemistry identifying chiral centers, cis-trans isomerism, etc.

有的话、描述（如：外观、颜色、物理状态）、分子式和分子重量、结构式、立体化学（找出手性中心、顺式贯穿异性等）、对映结构体或固态形式比率（如：外消旋物、规定的异构体、对映异构物和固态形式的混合物）、溶解性档案、分隔系数、溶液pH值、解离常数、熔点和沸点、拆射率、精确重力。

There are some isomeric compounds of hydroxypyridinone. The compounds of 2-hydroxy-6-pyridinone have been used to dyestuff and pesticide widely. The compounds of 3-hydroxy-2-pyridinone and 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone are paid attention to, because they are very useful heavy metal chelations. Especially, they are wonderful candidate medicament for the toxicosis of depleted uranium, so they can settle the DU jeopardize to the people.

羟基吡啶酮化合物有不同的同分异构体，2-羟基-6-吡啶酮已被广泛用于染料和农药行业，而3-羟基-2-吡啶酮和3-羟基-4-吡啶酮也引起了人们的重视，因为这两种异构体的化合物是非常理想的重金属络合剂，尤其重要的是，它可作为解决贫铀中毒的候选药物，有望解决战争中由于贫铀中毒带来的危害。

The order of relative stability of the PCPX congeners was theoretically proposed based on the relative magnitude of their Δf .

根据异构体标准生成自由能的相对大小，从理论上求得异构体的相对稳定性。

Mass spectrometry results revealed that the pair of eluents respresented a pair of ternary copper complexes with mixed ligands, providing the first experimental evidence. These complexes are diastereoisomer in nature. The optimized configuration of the diastereoisomer was predicted by theoretical calculation.

质谱实验结果表明，拆分组分是一对铜混合配体复合物离子，其中的一个配体是提供手性环境的流动相添加物，另一配体是待拆分物质的某一构型对映体，这对铜混合配体复合物离子本质上属于非对映异构体。

Following host injury, the balance between the epimers and isomers is a determining factor in the overall regulation of hematopoiesis, TH/TH(2) balance, and host resistance to infections and tumor growth.

在宿主损伤以后，雄甾烯的异构体和同分异构体之间的平衡是全部生血作用的控制、平衡细胞/体液免疫、宿主抗感染和抗肿瘤增殖的决定因素。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。