异化

Skopos theory is the most important theory in the functionalist approach, established by Hans.J Vermeer and Katherina Reiss, German theorists in translation in the 1980's.

通过使用不同的翻译技巧，归化与异化、音译、直译与意译、省译与增译、加脚注等，译作者于晓丹成功地起到了一个文化使者的作用。

By structuring the chapter in such a way—juxtaposing the Kiowa creation myth with Abel's hopeless alienation and aloneness—Momaday always reminds us who Abel is and how far he has degenerated.

这一章的结构以这样一种方式，并列的基奥瓦创世神话与阿贝尔的无望的异化和孤独， Momaday总是提醒我们是谁和阿贝尔多远，他已堕落。

He will also afflict and weaken the Latin Church with many heresies.

他也会带着很多异教来折磨和异化拉丁教会。

However, comparing to the developed professional self-government of lawyering of the developed country, the Chinese administration ways to the lawyering didnt run more efficiently.

然而，与国外律师业发达国家采取的得到充分发展的律师行业自治模式相比，中国的管理模式并未有更优越的管理成效，相反却产生了与律师的职业使命相悖的一系列执业异化现象。

Through discussing the transformation of the system of lawyers during the generation and development of it, and analyzing the phenomena of practicing alienation which have emerged from the Chinese lawyering under Chinese system of lawyers in force, and combining the relevant internal and external theories, we hope to demonstrate some opinions.The first, the external conditions which included the considerable authoritative position of the law and the widespread acceptance by civilian under the rule-by-law situation of the west as England, U-S-A, France and Germany, and the internal conditions which included the great professional practical skills and the improvement of the autonomous and self-governing systems, had formed a great solid base for the establishment and development of the system of lawyers of the West.

拙文通过对律师制度的产生与发展过程中的制度演变的讨论，通过对中国现行律师制度之下中国律师业出现的执业异化的现象的剖析，从政治国家与市民社会的理论模型入手，结合国内外有关的理论探讨，力图说明以下观点：首先，已建立了律师制度的英、美、法、德等西方国家的高度法治状态下法律具有的至高无上的权威地位和民众对律师职业的内在认同等外部条件，以及律师具有的高度专业化的服务技能与他人无法取代的业务素养和律师业自治自律的机制的不断强化等内在条件，为这些西方国家的律师制度奠定了非常坚实的构建和发展的基础。

Recently I have thought frequently that since the Movement of 4th May, the Chinese modern culture revealing flows is always a kind of cultural radicalism, the call of for life or for art has been following the development of Chinese culture and art. Although after new China established, the Left's radical manner has dissimilated by the government to be an ideology of political rights, it still affects or continues this revolutionary standpoint to the generations.

最近我常常想到自"五四"以来，中国现代文化的显流一直是一种文化激进主义，"为人生而艺术"的呐喊伴随着中国文化艺术的发展，虽然在新中国成立后，这种左翼的激进态度被官方异化为一种带有政治权利的意识形态，但仍然影响或隔代延续着这种革命性立场。

Through the depiction of Little Eyolf's injury which leads to his limpness and his sudden death, Ibsen raises the question of the curse and its retribution, as well as that of the agnosticism and absurdity of human life.

这一形象的出现，表明易卜生对人性的异化，对恶与自身关系的认识，向纵深推进。该剧使用大量象征手段，如手枪、壁炉里熊熊燃烧的火，等等。《小艾友夫》涉及了性爱、性变态的问题。

Karl Marx's thought of alienation of labor is neither based methodologically on the logic of individual, nor based on the logic of original inter-subjective relations, but based on the logic of labor in motion.

由此，马克思劳动异化论的方法论基础不仅不是建立在单个人的基础之上，而且也不是建立在基始性的主体际性关系的基础上的，而是以动态性的劳动活动为核心内容的。

Fromms theory of alienation has developed the theory and practice of psychology, enriched the methods of philosophy and the intension of the theory of nature of man, widened the influence of humanism and all these give us reference and revelation. But also there is inner logical paradox in his theory and his social revolution is Utopian.

弗洛姆的异化理论发展了心理学的理论和实践，拓展了哲学研究的方法，丰富了人本质理论的内涵，高扬了人道主义旗帜，体现了强烈的批判现实主义精神，给我们以借鉴和启示，但也存在着内在的逻辑矛盾，其社会改革具有乌托邦性质。

From the analysis, it is concluded that the two translation strategies of domestication and foreignization have their respective features and applicable values. It is lop-sided and unscientific to overemphasize one strategy from a static and absolute viewpoint.

本文的结论是：归化与异化作为两种翻译策略有其各自的特点和价值，过于强调其中的一种是片面的、不科学的。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。