开采

Furthermore,the technique is characterized by simple algorithm,good realizability and realtime ability,high reliability and low cost,and worth industrial popularization.

应用结果表明，该方法不但使系统同步性能优良，满足石油开采的需要，且算法简单、可实现性和实时性好、成本低、可靠性高，具有很好的工业推广价值。

Few places outside of North America have fully developed standards and programs for reclaiming mined lands.

在北美之外的地区很少建立有完整的关于回收改良开采过的土地的标准和项目。

Test results under several blast testing parameters conditions are detailedly analyzed, and recommendatory parameters for soft rock explosion excavation proposed.

通过鱼跳工地陡石梯料场和泄洪洞出口开挖施工现场，采用深孔梯段微差爆破技术进行了五场软岩料的爆破试验，对多种爆破试验参数条件下的试验成果进行了详细分析和研究，提出了软岩料爆破开采施工的建议参数。

Theequivalence percolation resistance law is accurate enough to be used in productivitycalculation of horizontal well pattern.(3) Productivity of mixed well pattern of horizontalwell or multilateral horizontal well and vertical well is constructed and formulae are simpleenough to be used in the oilfield. The patterns include 5-spot pattern,7-spot pattern and9-spot pattern.(4) Productivity formula of united rectangular well pattern of horizontaland vertical wells is constructed. By this formula, the calculation results show that fora horizontal well length, there is a shape factor at which the productivity of the patternis biggest. So optimum method of the well pattern is proposed.(5) A new concept ofdimensionless length of horizontal well is advanced and the relationship of optimum shapefactor of the rectangular well pattern against dimensionless length of horizontal well ispresented. The influences of length of the horizontal well, area of the well pattern unitand the thickness of reservior are concerned.

利用该公式计算表明：当水平井长度一定时，存在一个最优井网形状，使得水平井的产能最大，在此基础上提出了水平井井网的优化方法；(5)提出了水平井无因次长度的概念，给出了联合井网最优井网形状因子与水平井无因次长度的关系式，并对水平井长度、油层厚度及井网面积对产能的影响进行了分析；(6)推导出了一无限水平井井排在XY 平面内势的解析解，为不同水平井整体开发井网或水平井和直井井网整体开发渗流理论的研究奠定了理论基础；(7)建立了交错式水平井与直井整体开发渗流理论，给出了拟三维条件下井网产能的精确解析解及该井网最优井网形状因子与水平井无因次长度的关系，并对产能的影响因素进行了分析；(8)建立了水平井与水平井正排列井网、交错排列井网条件下渗流理论及井网产能在拟三维条件下的精确解析解，给出了交错井网条件下最优井网形状因子与水平井无因次长度的关系，通过与正方形井网对比，说明优化井网可大幅度提高开采效果；(9)建立了分支水平井和直井面积井网水油两相非活塞驱替条件下渗流问题的解析解，给出了见水前后无因次产量与无因次时间的关系式以及见水时间等。

The refracture orientation depends on the stress field in vertically-fractured gas well.

对于处于高含水期开采阶段的井，由于老裂缝控制的原油已接近全部采出，必须实施改向重复压裂，在油气层中打开新的油气流通道，更大范围地沟通老裂缝未动用的油气层，大幅度增加油气产量，进一步提高油气藏开发效果[1]。

In the mining of steep dip and narrow vein in Hong-Hua-Gou Gold Mine of Chifeng City by using dry back-filling method, the continuous stoping of multi-block was conducted after the division of stopes according to the occurrence regularity of orebody and specific condition.

赤峰红花沟金矿在用干式充填采矿法开采急倾斜薄矿脉时，根据矿体赋存规律，因地制宜地划分采场，对多矿块进行了连练回采，取得了较好的效果。

The time space regularity of overlying strata movement and damage induced by coal mining was studied using the dynamic mechanics model. The developing regularty of faults and bed separation as well as surface subsidence caused by mining was analyzed based on the geological and mining conditions of working face 5306 in Xinglongzhuang Coal Mine. The data explaination using the model is more reasonable than that using other models. So it can be used in practical mining activities.

采用采动岩体动态力学模型，对采动引起的覆岩移动破坏的时空规律进行了研究，结合兴隆庄矿5306工作面的地质、开采条件，对采动引起的断裂带发育发展规律，岩体内部离层发生发展规律、地表下沉规律等问题进行了分析，并对观测结果作出了较以前的各种理论模型更为符合实际的解释，该模型可在实际工作中得到很好地应用。

As such, they are natural resources that cannot be replenished.

对煤炭、石油、天然气的开采和利用曾经强劲地推动了工业文明的产生和发展。

This paper describes the Mn production and puts forward a new method to mine low grade rhodochrosite using solving and soaking.

概述了锰矿的生产现状，提出了原地溶浸开采低品位菱锰矿新方法，给出了菱锰矿溶浸实验结

The theory studies have showed that, rock burst is a kind of dynamic phenomenon of mining rock, and is a kind of dynamic disaster coming from mining.

理论研究表明，冲击地压实质为一种矿山岩体的动力现象，是矿山开采带来的一种动力学灾害。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。