开始进行

The experiments showed that deception is a developing skill in the preschool years and includes three stages: the first is the behaviorism stage of deception,the second is the mentalistic stage of deception based on the first-order belief,and the third is the mentalistic stage of deception based on the second-order belief.3-year-old children are at the first stage,4-and 5-year-old children are at the second stage,and 6-year-old children begin to enter the third stage.

但那时的研究者都是站在行为问题或道德问题的角度对人类的欺骗行为进行研究。20世纪80年代，儿童心理知识发展的第三个研究浪潮———&心理理论&出现以后，发展学家们开始从心理理论的视角探讨儿童欺骗的发生发展，并从信念的层面对欺骗进行了科学的界定，认为欺骗就是指意图培养他人的错误信念，以使他人产生错误或进入这一误区的行为[1，2]。近几十年来西方研究者对儿童欺骗的研究主要集中于探讨儿童欺骗的发生发展特点[3]。

Through designing of composition and structure of the bioactive graded coating,innerstress and its distribution in the coating were analyzed and calculated, the resultsshowed that when composition distribution coefficient n was 1.5, a reasonable stressdistribution could be got, that was at the beginning of deposition the suspension containingrichly BG granules was used so that a rich BG granules layer, a good transitional layerbetween BG layer at the bottom and the coating could be obtained at the titanium alloy side,the bottom of the coating; the stress value near the interface and surface and its character,pressure stress or tensile stress, were decided by the character of its composition itself.Changing composition distribution coefficient n could only change the variation tendency ofstress in the coating, but did not change the stress distribution rule in the coating. Thethinner the coating is, the sharper stress variation in the coating is, which does not mean thatthicker coating is better because the thicker the coating is, the little the permitteddeformation of coating is, so the coating thickness should be thinner, for example, about50μm for bending applications, but for applications only bearing pure shear stress, such asroot of tooth implant, the coating can be thicker little, for instance, about 80～100μm. The study on electrification characteristic and electrophoresis deposition of HAand BG granules in aqueous and non-aqueous solution system found that EPD almost didn'toccur in aqueous solution system. However, because HA granules take position charges inabsolute alcohol, a homogeneous EPD be carried out on the cathode titanium alloy slice, but taking negative charge in absolute alcohol the BG granules not be deposited on the cathode. A guided HA crystallizing, 100～300nm, on surface of the BG granules be realized by metathetical reaction, which cover BG granules with HA microcrystals and make the covered BG granules taking position charges in absolute alcohol, sequentially realize the EPCD of the BG and HA granules on the cathode, so it is feasible to make a titanium alloy/BG/HA bioactive graded coating by making use of EPCD technology. The corrosion experiment of rich boron bioglass coating and plasma spray coating showed that split phase, rich boron and rich silicon phase, occurred during its preparation. In basic medium the corrosion behavior of 〓 BG coating showed uniformity corrosion, the corrosion mostly occurred at rich boron phase area, therefore batch formula design of BGshould avoid the occurring of split phase. The corrosion appearance of plasma spray coatingappeared a non-uniform corrosion, mostly occurred at the edge of the laminated HA moltendrops, and emerged an accelerated corrosion tendency, which will easyly lead to corrosioncrackles extending to the interface and the happening of osmotic interfacial corrosion, thatmay be one of the major reasons leading to the coating cracking-off in the later period. Thetesting results of thermal expansion coefficient of 〓 and 〓BG showed the thermalexpansion coefficient of 〓 BG matched with that of titanium alloy better, and 〓 BG couldsinter with titanium alloy into densification enamel layer at low temperature (720℃).

将Ti6Al4V合金在1000℃下进行真空热处理会降低其力学性能，且合金内的V元素会向表面富集，因此，钛合金真空热处理和表面涂层的烧结温度不能过高，即应低于其相转变点；通过对生物活性梯度涂层的组成和结构的设计，分析和计算了梯度涂层内的应力大小和分布，结果表明：对于本研究，当成分分布系数n=1.5时，可以获得较合理的涂层力学性能，即在沉积开始时，采用富含BG颗粒的悬浮液，以便在钛合金侧获得同底层BG有良好过渡的富BG涂层；梯度涂层界面和表面的应力大小、性质由材料组成本身的性质决定，改变成分分布系数，只能改变涂层内应力变化的趋势；涂层的厚薄不影响涂层内的应力分布规律，但涂层越薄，涂层内的应力变化越快，但这并不意味着涂层越厚越好，因为涂层越厚，涂层允许的变形越小，对于应用于弯曲受力部位的涂层而言，涂层应薄一点为好(50μm)；而对于仅纯受剪切应力的部位，如牙根种植体，涂层可适当加厚(80～100μm)；通过对HA和BG颗粒在水溶液体系和非水溶液体系中的带电特性和电泳沉积的研究发现，它们在水溶液体系中很难发生电沉积；在无水乙醇溶液中，HA颗粒带正电，可在阴极钛合金片上发生均匀的电泳沉积，而BG颗粒则带负电荷；利用复分解反应法，可以制得100～300nm的HA，通过诱导HA在BG颗粒表面结晶，可对BG颗粒进行表面包覆，获得了被HA包覆的BG颗粒，改变了BG颗粒表面的带电特性，使BG和HA颗粒在无水乙醇中均带上正电荷，从而实现了HA和BG颗粒在阴极上的共沉积。

The paper is written begin from the nomology and the theory foundation of arbitration,compareing the international countries'legislations,and discussing the Arbitrability of some kinds of new disputes.Aiming to conclude the current of the international commercial arbitration development,and study the standards of the legislation on arbitrability of disputes to give some effective suggestions about the legislation of our country about arbitrability.

本文从仲裁制度作为一种独特纠纷解决方式它产生的基础和法理依据开始探讨，参考各国关于可仲裁性的立法，旨在对国际社会仲裁范围的发展趋势进行总体把握，同时对可仲裁性的标准进行研究，以期对中国仲裁有关争议可仲裁性的立法和实践提出一些合理建议。

Design the structure of high performance Low-E film including its material and thickness of every layer according to basic optical theory. Carry out an innovative work to calculate its optical performance by characteristic matrices and optical admittance. Compare the results with those we get by traditional measurement.3. Prepare Low-E films with RF magnetron controlled reactive sputtering. The result shows that in the visible region (380nm-780nm), the highest transmittance is 82.4% while the average value is 75%. In the NIR region (780nm-2500nm), the average transmittance is 16.2%. These characters can fit the demand of the glass used in architecture and cars, and also in other applications.4. We novelly use the material Titanium as protective layer to solve the problem that Ag layer would disappear when depositing the second TiO_2 layer. As the protective layer, Ti does not increase the number of targets so as to lower the costs. The thickness of the protective layer Titanium is adjusted by controlling of sputtering time. Results shows the Low-E films get the best optical character when the sputtering time of Titanium is 20 seconds5. We novelly proposed a new transmittance quality factor Q=_·(?_-__ to evaluate the performances of Low-E films, which makes it easier to judge the qualities of Low-E film.6. The photocatalysis of Titanium dioxides is researched and introduced into Low-E films. Sb-doped TiO_2 thin films are prepared. Its photocatalysis and hydrophilicity are measured.

论文的工作主要有：1、总结了低辐射薄膜的制备方法，性能，以及国内外最新研究进展和应用，并对两种类型的低辐射薄膜进行了比较。2、从光学基本理论开始，设计了离线低辐射薄膜的结构，包括每一层的材料和厚度，并创新性的用特性矩阵和光学导纳理论计算了该离线膜的光学性能，利用软件对其进行了仿真，与实际制备的薄膜所测量的性能相比较。3、完成在实验室仪器上制备低辐射薄膜，掌握其工艺条件，解决了超薄金属膜的制备问题，所制备的低辐射薄膜在可见光区(380hm-780hm)最高可达82.4%，平均透射率为75%；在近红外区(780nm-2500nm)的平均透射率为16.2%，其性能达到建筑物幕墙玻璃，汽车前挡玻璃等应用标准，并为进一步的大规模生产打下基础。4、针对中间银层在镀上层膜时易被氧化这一工艺难题，本研究创新性的提出用Ti膜作为保护膜，没有增加新的靶材，提高了生产效率，并节约了生产成本。

The new opinion and mechanism that the simultaneously adsorption of complex pollution of both organic and heavy metals will be achieved on soil modified with amphoteric surface modifying agent, which have both charged group and organophilic group on one ASMA molecule, were proposed at first time, and its rationality was testified at the same time; The 50% was the critical CTMAB modifying ratio of soil CEC at which the organophilic bond modifying mechanism was emerged; The thermodynamic characteristics of adsorption of OPT and HMP on OMS were discovered ; The study revealed the surface peculiarity of OMS that the modifying agent were distributed at uneven scatter mode and multi-characters surface were coexisted on surface of OMS, revealed the adsorption peculiarity of OMS that multi-mechanisms were coexisted, confirmed the unequal charge amount modifying mode of OMS in which dual-modifying mechanism of both ion exchange and OPB were processed at the same time, and confirmed that the adsorption hobby to CTMAB was higher than that to Ca2+ on Lou soil.

首次提出了用两性表面修饰剂对土壤进行修饰改性，利用两性表面修饰剂所具有的荷电基团和疏水基团达到对土壤中有机、重金属污染物同时吸附的思路和机理，并通过实验证实了所提设想的合理性；发现了土壤CEC值的50%修饰比例是CTMAB开始显现以疏水键机制对土土样表面进行修饰的临界点；揭示了有机修饰改性土对有机物、重金属吸附过程的热力学特征，填补了该项研究工作的空白；阐明了修饰剂在改性土表面呈分散态的非均匀分布，改性土表面具有不同性质表面共存的表面特征和对污染物多机制共存的吸附特征，确定了阳离子表面修饰剂在土表面的修饰是一种离子交换和疏水键结合两种机制相伴并行且为非等电荷量交换的修饰反应模式，以及土具有对CTMAB的吸附偏好性远大于对钙离子吸附偏好性的特征。

METHODS: The subjects were 13 consecutive Class II osseous malocclusions with mandibular retrusion treated with fixed inclined biteplate.

13例骨性安氏II类错牙合下颌后缩患者，经固定斜面导板进行Ⅰ期矫治，分别在治疗前、治疗开始、治疗中、治疗后拍摄双侧TMJ的MRI片进行观察和测量。

The result of this study divided into there parts. Before the scripts of sociodramatic play created by young children themselves, they selected and adopted fairy tales to be their scripts of sociodramatic play. In this process, the most important of young children's negotiation behavior was the "roles", which was one of the essential factors of sociodramatic play. Young children took several methods to negotiate the problems of sociodramatic play, such as metacommunication, interpretation and explanation.

在研究结果方面分为三部分讨论，首先讨论的是幼儿在尚未开始以自创故事为架构所进行之社会戏剧游戏，幼儿是以其所知的童话故事为主干进行社会戏剧游戏，幼儿在此历程中协商的重点，是社会戏剧游戏中三大要素里的「角色」这个要素，以后设沟通、说明与解释等方式为主要协商社会戏剧游戏问题的策略。

The testis index, testis volumes were same as the annual changes of testis mass. The curves of annual variation were all unimodality.2 The spermatogenetic cycle of Myospalax cansus comprises seven stages with significant features: Stage I , from February to April, the testis were at the stage of spermatogonia proliferation. In this period, testis index and the number of spermatogonia began to rise. Other spermatogenic cells had not yet formed; Stage II to III, from March to April, primary spermatocyte meiosis period. The testis index was highest in this stage, and spermatogenic cells were in spermatocyte stage, the primary spermatocyte meiosis generated to secondary spermatocyte; Stage IV, from April to May, spermatocytes continued to split, germ cells appeared in seminiferous tubules; Stage V, in May, sperm formation, spermatids of seminiferous tubules were transformed to spermatozoa, a large number of sperms existed in the lumen; Stage VI, spermatozoa emission period, from May to June, testis index were a significant drop and mature spermatozoa excluded gradually; VII, the testicular activity ceased basically from July to September, November to January of the following year, the spermatogenic activity ceased completely. Therefore, Myospalax cansus are animals of seasonal reproduction, spermatogenesis cycle is discontinuous type.

睾丸系数、体积和重量的年周期变化规律一致，变化曲线呈现单峰型。2甘肃鼢鼠雄性生殖腺的年周期活动由7个特征明显的时期构成：Ⅰ期，2～3月份，精原细胞增殖期，睾丸系数开始上升，精原细胞进行有丝分裂，其他生精细胞尚未形成；3～4月份为Ⅱ～Ⅲ期，初级精母细胞成熟分裂期，睾丸系数达到最大，生精细胞大多处于精母细胞阶段，初级精母细胞减数分裂生成次级精母细胞；Ⅳ期，4～5月份精母细胞继续进行分裂，精细胞在生精小管内出现；Ⅴ期，5月份，精子形成期，曲细精管中精细胞变态成精子，在管腔中存在大量的精子；Ⅵ期，精子排放期，5～6月份，睾丸系数显著下降，成熟精子从生精小管上脱离，逐渐排除；Ⅶ期，精原细胞停滞期，7～9月份睾丸生精活动基本停滞，11～翌年1月，生精活动完全停止。

The first split of microspore mother cell is observed after one week after beginning of temperature arised under high temperature but the split of secondary sporogenous cell doesn't be found. The split of secondary sporogenous cell is still found after one week but the first split of microspore mother cell is observed after 12d under low temperature. Formating speed of male gametophyte is affected by temperature.

在高温条件下，开始加温1周后即看到小孢子母细胞进行第一次分裂，未观察到次生造孢细胞的分裂；在低温条件下，1周后仍能看到次生造孢细胞的分裂，12d后才看到小孢子母细胞进行第一次分裂。

Hopefully, this little article will serve as a way to get you started on understanding why to use a tableless layout, what the benefits are, and you can easily take a look at layout gala and download just 1, or all 40 of the tableless layout examples to get you started.

写这篇文章的目的在于，让大家能够大小使用无表化布局的疑虑，并开始使用这种方式进行布局。这里有一条捷径，你可以直接在layout gala网站上下载现成的40个模版案例来进行布局。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。