开发

The four task assignation ways of product development are given. A unified model of information processing on the base of the integration of relation, technowledge and method be put forwarded creativity, and the above model be applied in control and management of information flow during the process of product design.

同时，论文对企业产品开发资源、产品开发决策过程、产品开发设计过程、产品开发制造过程和产品服务等方面的有机集成进行了研究，提出了一种适应于产品全寿命周期管理的产品网络化协同开发系统的全过程集成模型，建立了产品网络化协同开发系统的应用模式。

Regional development occupies large land, develops lots of contents, relates to multifields including industry, construction, business and civicism, so it is necessary to identify its influence on nature environment such as air, groundwater quality, surface water quality and hydrological condition, sound, soil, plants, topographty and social environment such as population, traffic, economic structure. The countermeasures of carring through circular economy, controlling pollution sources, planning industrial structure scientifically, distributing reasonably, implementing cleaner production and total quantity control should be taken to promote regional sustainable development.

区域开发具有较大的不确定性，并且占地面积大、开发的内容广、性质复杂、建设周期长，通常的区域开发都有可能涉及到工业、城建、商业、人居、市政等多个领域的开发活动，所以区域开发必须结合区域开发的特征，准确识别其可能对区域内及其周边的空气环境、地下水质量、地表水水质及水文条件、声环境、土壤、植被、地形地貌等自然环境和人口、交通、经济结构等社会环境等产生的影响，并采取发展循环经济，减少污染生成的源头控制措施；科学规划产业结构，合理布局的预防性措施；源内达标、区域集中控制的污染治理措施；实施清洁生产、总量控制，推进区域环境与经济的持续发展。

The paper conducts special analysis upon the current status of new product development in the Coco Palm Group, considering the characteristics and applicable conditions of three modes (sequent product development flow, stage-based product development flow and hopper-like product development flow) used in current product development flow, the paper establishes a new production development flow for the Coco Palm Group.

本文着重对椰树公司的新产品开发的现状进行了分析，并结合现今产品开发流程的三种模式（顺序式产品开发流程，阶段门式产品开发流程及漏斗式新产品开发流程）的特点和适用条件，构建了椰树公司新的产品开发流程。

The paper consists of five chapters, Chapter One: Introduction, the part expounds the background meaning of the study on new product development flow and the method designing of study contents; Chapter Two: the part expounds the classification of new product development flow and relevant theories; Chapter Three: the part analyzes current status, existing problems and causes in new product development in the Coco Palm Group; Chapter Four, relying on the analysis conducted on the success and failure in new product development in relevant companies, the part summarizes the key factors for the success of new product development; Chapter Five, the most significant part in the paper, namely the rebuilding of new product development flow in the Coco Group.

本文共分为5章。第一章绪论，阐述了研究新产品开发流程的背景意义研究内容的方法设计；第二章，阐述了新产品开发流程分类及相关理论；第三章，分析了椰树公司新产品开发的现状、存在问题及成因分析；第四章，通过例举相关行业公司新产品开发成功和失败的案例分析总结新产品开发成功关键因素；第五章，对椰树公司新产品开发流程进行再造研究。

In implementing "prosper the nation with science and education"and technological innovation activity, the invalid patent is a land of important information resources demanding developing urgently, as energy resource and physical resources , before development, we must evaluate and ensure the developmental value through effective appraisal technologies and means. Thus we can know the meanings of development and draw the conclusion of whether it will be developed.

在实施"科教兴国"和技术创新活动中，失效专利是一种亟待开发的重要信息资源，它必然如同亟待开发的物质资源和能源资源一样，在开发之前，必须运用有效的评价技术和手段进行价值开发的评估和认定，以便得出对失效专利开发有无意义并且是否值得去开发的结论。

In the frame, Design Structure Matrix is the tool to build up the models of product structure and development process. The product structure topology tree is defined, and the product structure DSM model is introduced. The formalized description about development process model is presented. The characteristics of the tools to build up development process are analyzed, the strongpoint of DSM is discussed, and the development process model based on DSM is introduced. The relation between product structure and development process is analyzed.

在研究框架中引入了产品结构和开发过程的建模工具——设计结构矩阵(Design Structure Matrix， DSM)；给出了产品结构拓朴树的定义及其形式化描述，并在此基础上引入了产品结构DSM模型；给出了产品开发过程模型的形式化描述，比较了几种常见的产品开发过程建模工具，分析了用DSM建模工具进行产品开发过程建模的优势，引入了产品开发过程DSM模型；分析了产品结构与开发过程之间的联系，提出了两者之间的集成机制，并在此基础上给出了IM-PSDP模型。

According to the features of fracture and vug carbonate reservoir in the Tahe oilfield,application effects of horizontal and side wells are analyzed in terms of development practice s such as well design,parameter details and development effect.

针对塔河油田碳酸岩岩溶洞裂缝型油藏特点，从水平井的部署、设计、参数优化、开发效果及利用水平井挖潜等开发实践方面，总结了水平井和侧钻水平井在本油藏的应用情况后得出：利用水平井开发并非塔河碳酸盐岩油藏开发唯一的选择和最佳选择；水平井相对于直井开发的优越性在该油藏并未得到充分体现；因此认为在储层预测、流体识别和缝洞系统定量描述满足不了水平井设计要求时，不易大规模实施水平井开发，尤其是对于复杂特殊性油藏更是如此。

Was founded in 1992, is beautiful "paradise" city - Hangzhou, is a commitment to electronic product development, design, manufacturing enterprises, the main development and production of household appliances, electric fans, fans and well-being, Bath Pa, disinfection cabinet, kitchen utensils and all kinds of soot; Lightboxes computer control panel, tools, lights, repair lamps, auto-Re Fengji, multi-functional chargers, car refrigerator, heated storage, all types of vehicles and electronic product development Production; treadmills, screw-board computer, the machine still, Happy Valley and other types of fitness equipment development and production of computer-controller; medical sterilization cabinet, dental curing light, and other medical equipment to some of the development and design circuit boards ; Solar energy product development and design, and so on the development of all types of design and production control.

杭州精一电子有限公司始创于1992年，座落美丽的&天堂&城市——杭州，是一家致力于电子产品的开发、设计、制造企业，主要开发生产家用电器、电风扇、冷暖风机、浴霸、消毒柜、油烟机及各类厨具；灯箱电脑控制板、工具灯、检修灯、车用热风机、多功能充电器、车用冰箱、恒温储存器、车用各类电子产品的开发和生产；跑步机、螺杆机电脑板、踏步机、跑马机等各类健身器材的电脑板控制器开发生产；医用消毒柜、牙科用光固化、及其它的一些医用设备线路板的开发设计；太阳能产品的开发设计等等各类控制的开发设计生产。

In 1994 the company developed and produced a pearl tea, tea beverages, instant tea powder products, which leaves the White Dancongèèbeverages access to national patent, in 1997 developed the comprehensive utilization technology of tea are classified as provincial Spark Program, to produce instant tea , tea biscuits, tea, candy and other products developed in 1999 to produce Japanese-style salted plum, products are all exported to Japan, in 2000 the company successfully developed its own high-purity polyphenols production process, in 2001, to further promote agriculture industrialization process of making full use of tea in this region, the resource advantages Qingmei, the company continue to expand science and technology, capital investment, the development of tea polyphenols, tea polysaccharide, caffeine integrated extraction technology, the project fills a gap in the province by the provincial science and technology Identification of the Office of organizations, technology has reached domestic leading level, while Japanese-style salted plum expand production scale, reaching Qingmei annual processing 4000 tons of finished Mei 2500 tons.

公司重视科技术投入，成立了潮安县茶叶工程技术研究中心，该中心技术力量雄厚，拥有一批高级专业技术人才，已在农副产品的综合利用技术开发方面进行了广泛深入的研究开发。1994年公司开发生产出龙珠茶、茶饮料、速溶茶粉等产品，其中白叶单枞茶茶饮料获得国家专利，1997年公司开发的茶叶综合利用技术被列为省星火计划，生产出速溶奶茶、茶饼干、茶糖果等系列产品，1999年公司开发生产出日式盐渍梅，产品全部出口日本，2000年公司自行成功开发出高纯度茶多酚的生产工艺，2001年，为进一步推动农业产业化进程，充分利用本地区茶叶、青梅的资源优势，公司继续加大科技、资金投入，开发出茶多酚、茶多糖、咖啡因综合提取技术，该项目填补了省内空白，经省科技厅组织鉴定，技术水平达到了国内领先，同时扩大日式盐渍梅的生产规模，达到年加工青梅4000吨，成品梅2500吨。

Since 2003 year, in two major ways, funds and lands have the governments macro-controlled the whole industry in order to keep the estate industries healthy and sustainable growth and evade the risk. Since funds and lands are the understructure upon which the estate companies have developed, the government control concerning them have made the whole industry faced a critical financing hardship. Consequently, many companies which used to extremely depend on bank credits are confronting the financial pressure. Many middle and small enterprises are even facing the problem of maintenance. Accordingly, under the background of the present macro-control, the debates and research over the diversity of estate companies' financing mode are abundant in its realistic meaning.

为了保持房地产行业健康、可持续发展，规避房地产金融风险，我国政府自2003年以来主要从资金和土地两个方面对房地产行业进行了宏观调控，由于资金和土地是房地产开发企业赖以生存的基础，多管齐下的调控措施打破了房地产开发企业原有的开发模式和融资模式，使得房地产开发企业普遍遭遇融资困境，过去以银行贷款为主要融资方式的房地产开发企业普遍面临资金压力，许多中小型房地产开发企业甚至面临生存问题，因此，在当前宏观调控背景下，探讨中小型房地产开发企业融资模式多元化问题具有很强的现实意义。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。