建筑空调系统

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

In air conditioning system.VAV and VWV systems are irrelative with each other inbuildings with no exception of intelligent builings.

在建筑物，甚至是智能建筑的空调系统中，变风量和变流量往往是相互孤立的。

Taking the lobby of an existing office building in Beijing as study object, considering the weather conditions and the air conditioning load characteristics, performs the energy efficiency reformation of air conditioning system based on the theory and principle of floor panel cooling and heating technology by replacing the original floor panel heating system to a floor panel cooling and heating system. The running results in summer of 2009 show that the reformation has satisfied the demands of building thermal comfort and function with significant energy saving effects.

以北京市某既有办公建筑的大堂为研究对象，针对北京地区的气候条件和大堂建筑的空调负荷特性，基于地板辐射供冷供暖技术的基本理论和原理，对该大堂原有的空调方式进行了节能改造，将原来的地板辐射供暖系统改为地板辐射供冷供暖系统。2009年夏季供冷工况运行结果表明，该改造方案不但可满足建筑热舒适性及使用功能要求，而且节能效果显著。

This design mainly is revolves the ice storage the cold heat sink partial to carry on.

长沙市某办公建筑的冰蓄冷空调系统的设计，本设计主要是围绕冰蓄冷的冷源部分而进行的。

In terms of different central air-conditioning systems the device can save electricity by 10% to 40%.

高效节电。根据各种建筑中央空调系统的不同状况，可实现节约电能10%～40%。

First of all, the design of the study in detail the architectural characteristics of this building, as well as indoor and outdoor air characteristics, together with a wide range of air distribution after comparison, the design uses a fan-coil plus fresh air of semi-independent centralized air-conditioning systems.

本设计首先仔细的研究了此建筑物的建筑特性以及室内和室外的空气特点，加上对多种气流组织进行比较之后，本设计采用了风机盘管加独立新风的半集中式空调系统。

Based on the definitions of air conditioning period, dehumidifying period and heating period, this paper puts forward the exchanging conditions and psychrometric process of ventilation system in residences.

根据夏热冬冷地区的空调期、除湿期和采暖期的划分方法，提出了住宅建筑新风系统全年运行的转换条件，以及新风热湿处理工况要求。

Besides, the goal of saving energy by 50% and corresponding prescripts in Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Public Buildings (GB 50189-2005), also put forward request on energy-efficient retrofit and optimization to air-conditioning systems in existing public buildings.

同时，《公共建筑节能设计标准》（ GB 50189-2005）中节能50％的目标和相关规定，也对既有公建空调系统的节能改造和优化工作提出了要求。

Construction machinery, construction materials, plumbing equipment, ceramics, stone, modified materials, construction chemical additives, coatings, paint, floor and carpet, wallpaper and wall mosaics, window materials, items shed and roof materials, glass, metal construction, plumbing equipment, sanitary ware, windows, metal accessories, valves, fasteners, standard parts, nails screen, heating facilities, air conditioning and ventilation systems, heating, electrical facilities, lighting systems, water systems and equipment, refrigeration systems, bathroom facilities, kitchen utensils, construction products and the structure of the roof, engineering Network, fire safety systems, building technology.

建筑机械、建筑材料、管道设备、陶瓷、石材、修饰材料、建筑化学附加剂、涂料、油漆，地板与地毯、墙纸及墙板镶嵌等、门窗材料、项棚和房顶材料、玻璃、建筑五金、水暖器材、洁具、门窗、五金配件、阀门、紧固件、标准件、钉丝网、采暖设施、空调和通风系统、供热技术，电气设施、照明系统、水系统和设备、制冷系统、卫浴设施、厨具、建筑制品和结构，屋顶、工程管网、防火安全系统、建筑技术等。

In recent years under the pressure of energy and the quickly developmental of intelligent architecture, VAV system has get more and more recognition and application.

近年来随着国内节能和建筑智能化需求的增多，VAV空调系统得到了越来越多的重视和应用。

Finally, according to market conditions and market products this article paper analyzes the trends in the development of camera technology, and designs a color night vision camera.

最后根据市场情况和市面上产品的情况分析了摄像机技术的发展趋势，并设计了一款彩色夜视摄像机。

Only person height weeds and the fierce looks stone idles were there.

只有半人深的荒草和龇牙咧嘴的神像。