建筑的

Walter Gropius（1883－1969）, initiator of German Bauhuas, is strongly sustaining mass production. During his employment in Peter Behrens's architectural design institute, he had already experienced clear design concept, which is Architecture must serve the masses; therefore, budgeting will be the primary consideration.

批量化生产的另一坚定支持者来自大名鼎鼎的德国包豪斯设计教育学院的创始人格罗庇乌斯（1883～1969），他在另一个现代主义建筑设计先驱贝伦斯设计事务所工作的期间，已形成了自己清晰的设计思想，即建筑应该考虑服务对象，如果建筑的对象是大众的话，那么首先要考虑的重要因素就是预算，因为如果使用大量装饰来美化建筑，其成本增高，从而造成普通大众无法接受。

With the socioeconomic development and the improvement of construction technology, the construction market in China is booming,in many cities cortile buildings are proliferating like mushrooms. in particular, the continual emergence of cortile high-rise buildings with new design concepts have become a symbol of the city building.

随着社会经济的发展和建筑技术的提高，建筑市场的日益繁荣，在我国许多城市中庭建筑如雨后春笋般涌现出来，特别是具有新的设计概念的设有中庭的高层建筑的不断出现，已经成为都市建设的标志。

The form, a diagonal shape which is pierced to preserve views of the sky, has large openings to capture the campus' topology and views of Tolo Harbor,"giving an infinite boundary to architectural thinking and design."

建筑位于校园的边缘，建筑的开洞形成了一个对角式的中庭，面向天空打开，建筑的开口依据校园原本的空间拓扑结构而确定，面向Tolo港具有极佳的景观，为建筑设计和思考提供了一个可以无限遐想的场所。

The development of Chinese architecture of modern times reached its climax from 1900 to 1937.During this period, especially the earlier stage, the main trend of architectural development is western revivalism and eclecticism. The eclecticism of western architectural history happened in earlier nineteenth century till the beginning of twentieth century. But the impact of west architecture over Chinese architecture sometimes is delayed, this is common culture spreads time spacing.

中国近代建筑的发展，在1900年—1937年是一个高潮，在此期间特别是中前期，建筑发展的主流趋势是西方复古主义和折衷主义，西方建筑史上的折衷主义发生在十九世纪上半叶至二十世纪初，但是西方建筑对中国建筑的影响往往是滞后的，这是常见的文化传播时间差。

The paper"s background is building fire protection measures in the ancient times in our country. The current actual development level fire protection safe engineering of our country and fire protection design standard is this research"s basic starting point. Faceing building fireprotection design and assessorand and related people, on the foundation of domestic and international plenty of related datas and document, combining project practice experience, according to present condition of performance-based fireprotection design development and the characteristic of modern building, the paper elaborates and discusses background, advantage, concept, basic frame and step of performance-based fire protection design and ralated theory.

论文以我国古代建筑防火措施为背景，以现阶段消防安全工程学的实际发展水平及我国现行的建筑防火设计规范为基本出发点，面向建筑防火设计与审核等相关人员，在分析研究国内外大量的相关数据及文献的基础上，结合工程实践经验，针对目前各国性能化防火设计的发展状况及现代建筑的特点，对性能化防火设计的产生背景、优点、概念、基本框架和步骤进行了阐述与讨论。

New requirements are correspondingly raised to the structural system, sunshade, and night scene of the city.

近年广州高层建筑迅猛发展，对高层建筑的结构体系、建筑遮阳、城市夜环境等也提出了新的要求，广州的高层建设起步晚，具有较大的潜力和经济实力，广州必将在我国高层建筑的新的建设热潮中占据一席之地。

Nuo-temple is the place for the cult and the temple building also influence the architecture of that time. On the other hand Nuo also combine with other kind of religion include Confucianism and Taoism and this derives the drama stage, door building and other kind of buildings which have affinitive relationship with Nuo. So the main think mode of Nuo influences the Chinese traditional architecture, special on the thinking mode of rural building.

由傩祭的需要产生了傩庙一类的傩建筑；傩与儒释道及各类民间信仰的交融，衍生了诸如戏台、门楼等与傩密不可分的建筑；傩的主要思维方式，更影响到中国传统建筑，尤其是乡土建筑的营造思维模式。

Their correlation and influence were described,and it was proposed that in development of each procedure of green buildings and intelligent buildings,only the combinations of the two kinds of buildings can better realize the harmony and unity of "human-building-nature" and realize a circulable,harmonious and sustainable devel.

对国内外绿色建筑和智能建筑的概念、特点、评估体系和发展概况等方面进行了详细深入的相互比较研究，阐明了它们之间的相互关系和影响，并提出了我国在发展绿色智能建筑的各个程序上，应把二者相互结合才会更好地实现&人-建筑-自然&三者的和谐统一，并实现节约能源、资源、无害化、无污染、可循环的、和谐的、可持续发展社会。

Topics in the field of architecture are always about the "andscape","reen architecture","rban sustainability" The urban construction also focuses on the aspect of urban landscape, such as improvement of urban street, erection of central plaza. But the fifth vertical on architecture especially on housing, in not enough considered.

目前，建筑界的话题似乎都离不开&景观建筑&、&绿色建筑&、&城市可持续发展&……；城市建设的视点也聚集在城市景观方面，特别是城市街道的改造、中心广场的建立、步行街的建造等……；而对于建筑的第五立面考虑得不多，尤其是住宅建筑的第五立面。

Sheng-Yuan Huang's works in Yi-Lan show quite different appearances from the general public buildings in recent years in Taiwan. In terms of the locality in his works, Huang is treated as one of the representative regionalistic architects in Taiwan. In the context while the widespread globalization has cast influences on local architecture, Huang put his works into practice to question the vague development in built environment. Through the case study of Huang's public works in Yi-Lan, we may offer a framework of reference in seeking the position in the development of current Taiwan architecture.

近年来，黄声远建筑师在宜兰地区的建筑作品表现出不同以往台湾公共建筑的空间操作形式，透过其作品所反映出的地方色彩，使得黄声远被视为台湾本土地域性建筑师的代表之一，现今地方建筑普遍受到全球化影响的同时，黄声远的建筑作品从本土文化脉络发展出地域性空间的实践，提出对全球化发展的反思。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。