延迟

The result indicates that in the designed center of the wavelength, the retarder is not only confined within the low dispersive medium, but high-index material with higher dispersion can also obtain good achromatism, and at the same time the bigger angle of total reflection can improve achromatism of the phase retarder.

从全内反射相变方程出发，以菲涅尔菱体为例，分析了消色差相位延迟器的相位延迟量随折射率变化的光谱特性，结果表明：在所设计的中心波长处，延迟器件不仅仅局限于选择低色散的材料，色散较大的高折射率材料制作的延迟器件也可以具有良好的消色差性，且较大的全内反射角有利于改善延迟器件的消色差性。

They can be classificated to two kinds. One kind is build by photomultiplier; another kind is build by MCP. The mechanism of delayed luminescence is discussed with subradiation. A photon count system is built. To proof the biophoton is a kind of ultra weak photon stream originate from exothermic reaction, and primarily discuss the relationship between the delayed luminescence and proteins activity, we chose microphyllous banyan leave , ficus elastica leave, gingkgo leave, Chinese fan palm leave, and cinnamomum camphora leave as biological samples. The ultra weak photon emission from normal biosamples, and proteins inactivated biosample were measured separately with photon count system. The results showed that the delayed luminescence of biosamples have

在研究过程中，作者从辐射陷获的角度讨论了延迟发光的产生机制，对生物光子的生物化学起源与相干场起源的统一性进行了探索；自行搭建了单光子探测系统；测量了小叶榕树、印度橡树，银杏树，蒲葵树香和樟树等多种植物叶片样品的延迟发光，获得了大量实验数据；为了证明生物光子是一种起源于放热化学反应能量释放的微弱光子流，并初步探讨生物蛋白活性与延迟发光衰减之间的关系，测量了正常生物样品、生物蛋白灭活样品的延迟发光，同时测量了多种不含蛋白质的无机化学体系作为比对，实验结果和实验数据的回归分析表明：弱光子发射来源于放热的化学反应，延迟发光的强度与衰减时间与生物蛋白活性密切相关。

The bit inserter includes a delay for delaying the received data bit stream by the number of the specific bits to be inserted; and a selector for connecting, upon completion of receiving data bits for the subframe, the received data bits to the delay and applying an output of the bit generator to the turbo coder; and applying, when the specific bits are inserted, an output of the delay to the turbo coder.

位插入器包括：将接收的数据位流延迟待插入的特定位数量的延迟器；和选择器，在接收用于子帧的数据位完成时，将接收的数据位连接到延迟器上，并将位发生器的输出施加到快速编码器；和当特定位被插入时，将延迟器的输出施加到快速编码器上。

In order to meet the demand of precise measurement and applications, the principle of phase retardation with oblique incident angle is expounded, based on the total-reflection phase transformation theory of the phase retardation. By means of Fresnel rhomb, the variation law of the phase retardation for rhomb-type retarder with the incident angle is analyzed. The result indicates that incident angle has obvious influence over the phase retardation.The phase retardation is sensitive to the incident angle, and also has close correlation to incident position of the incident ray, which is asymmetrical to the incident position of the incident ray.

为满足精确应用和测量的需求，从相位延迟的全反射相变理论出发，阐述了斜入射相位延迟原理，以菲涅耳菱体为例，分析了菱体型相位延迟器相位延迟随其入射角变化的规律性，结果表明：当光线非严格准直时，光的入射角对相位延迟量有明显的影响，延迟量不但对入射角变化敏感，而且还与入射光线的入射方位密切相关，呈不对称形式。

This model clearly divides the droplet self-ignition delay into two parts, the physical delay and the chemical delay.

利用此简化模型，详细分析了环境温度和液滴大小对自点火延迟的影响：环境温度越低，气体微团温度也越低，自点火延迟时间越长，物理延迟部分所占比重越大；液滴初始半径越小，自点火延迟时间越短，化学延迟部分所占比重越大。

Angular spectral is spectral value map formed by estimating semblable coefficients of fast and slow shear wave or the variation of amplitude ratio of fast and slow shear wave with times and angles at a specified space point based on semblable theory of fast and slow shear wave, the angle value of this space point at a given time can be got by picking the maximum of angular spectral; the study reveals that fast and slow shear wave with different polarization direction should be separated using different rotation formula, eight formulas of separating fast and slow shear wave using clockwise rotation and counterclockwise rotation have been derived, and gained energy assignment rule and phase coincidence rule, in real data estimation, the rotation formula used for separating fast and slow shear wave can be uniquely determined on the two discriminating rules. On the basis of semblable theory of fast and slow shear wave, the delay time corresponding to the maximum of semblable coefficients at a specified point in a given time window is the delay time of fast and slow shear wave, delay time section of fast and slow shear wave can be got by moving space point and smoothing time window. The vertical variation values of delay time of fast and slow shear wave reflect the effect degree of vertical fractured reservoir on fast and slow shear wave which is defined as anisotropic coefficient, and section map of anisotropic coefficient can be obtained.

角度谱就是利用快慢横波的相似性原理，在某一空间点求出快慢横波的相似系数或快慢横波的振幅比值随着时间和角度的变化而形成的谱值图，拾取其极大值就得到该空间点某一时间的角度值；在研究中发现分离不同偏振方向的快慢横波应该采用不同的旋转公式，推导出了利用顺时针旋转和逆时针旋转分离快慢横波的八个公式，并给出了能量分配准则和相位一致性准则两个判别准则，在实际计算中利用这两个判别准则能唯一地确定分离快慢横波的旋转公式；根据快慢横波的相似性原理，在某一给定点和给定时窗内最大相似系数对应的延迟时间就是快慢横波的延迟时间，随着空间点的移动和时窗的滑动就可以得到快慢横波延迟时间的剖面图；快慢横波延迟时间与慢横波传播时间的比值定义为裂缝密度，并求出了裂缝密度剖面图；快慢横波延迟时间纵向上的变化值的大小反映了纵向上裂隙层对快慢横波影响的大小，定义为各向异性系数，并求出了各向异性系数的剖面图。

A system for transmitting a signal via diversity antennas (60, 70; 150, 160, 170, 180; 190, 200) includes: at least one delay element (100) for generating at least one delayed replica of the signal subject to a given delay; the signal and the at least one delayed replica being adapted to be transmitted via the diversity antennas (60, 70; 150, 160, 170, 180; 190, 200), and a control unit (110) for the at least one delay element (100) for varying (110) the given delay (100), whereby the signal and the at least one delayed replica, transmitted via the diversity antennas (60, 70; 150, 160, 170, 180; 190, 200), give rise to alternate constructive and destructive combinations therebetween.

一种用于经由分集天线(60、70；150、160、170、180；190、200)传送信号的系统包括：用于生成受到给定延迟的信号的至少一个延迟复件的至少一个延迟部件(100)；该信号和该至少一个延迟复件适合于经由该分集天线(60、70；150、160、170、180；190、200)传送，以及用于至少一个延迟部件(100)改变(110)该给定延迟(100)的控制单元，由此该信号和该至少一个延迟复件经由分集天线(60、70；150、160、170、180；190、200)传送，导致在其间交替的建设性和破坏性组合。

Also, by using a novel offset architecture, as opposed to completely overlapped architecture, for the differential transmission pair, a 33% reduction of thickness is achieved in the design of a miniaturized common-mode filter with multi-layer LTCC technology. In view of increasing need of high-speed clock and data circuits to control their skew problems, a design of LTCC delay line is then conducted. To improve the waveform distortion associated with the microstrip/stripline-type meander delay line, a miniaturized high-frequency 3-D delay line with grounded guard traces is introduced. By means of 3-D structure, the 233 ps delay time, which requires extra board space amounting to a factor of 2.34 by stripline type meander delay line, can be shrunk into an EIA 1206 form factor.

为因应高速时脉及高速线路的不断发展，用於控制讯号、时脉同步的延迟线路需求日益增加，接著讨论的题目便是应用低温共烧陶瓷制程技术设计多层的延迟线路元件，为了改善在微带线/带线型折线式延迟线路波形失真的问题，论文中提出以接地的防护线来设计小型化的三维多层延迟线路元件，比较应用带线型折线式延迟线路和应用三维架构设计的延迟线路元件，同样提供233 ps的延迟时间，多层架构设计之延迟线路可缩小至EIA 1206 的尺寸，省下2.34倍的电路板面积。

These results indicate that the dispersion effect of retardation films are not obvious, and the retardation characteristics of different retarders generated by the same material are almost the same, which would be useful to study how the color liquid crystal display is affected by dispersion effects of retardation films.

本实验得到的蓝光延迟量＝(1-3.5%)绿光延迟量；红光延迟量＝(1+2.6%)绿光延迟量，这为分析延迟膜的色散效应对彩色液晶显示所带来的影响提供了依据。

Optimal mixing ratio of SRA as delay forming agent in cement treated base is 0.05%-0.06%; the influence of compacting delay on strength and dry density of road base may be reduced by SRA additive, forming time may be delayed to 9h; after the forming time is delayed to 4h, 6h and 9h, the strength and dry density shrinkage of cement-treated base with SRA admixture are much less than that of those without SRA.

SRA用作水泥稳定粒料路面基层的延迟成型剂的最佳掺量在0.05％～0.06％：用SRA可降低因延迟压实对水泥稳定粒料基层的强度和干密度的影响，可把延迟成型时间延长到9h；在成型延迟4h，6h，9h后，掺入SRA的水泥稳定粒料的强度和干容度损失明显小于未掺外加剂的混合料在相同延迟成型务件下的强度损失。

So that more consumers can enjoy more delicious quality, technology is even better than wine.

让更多的消费者可以品尝到品质更为鲜美，工艺更为精湛的葡萄酒。

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