延时的

However,in at early work of Dolan and Jackiw, after the analytic continuation ofthe imaginary time thermal propagator, the result was not the 2 × 2 matrix thermalpropagator in the real time formalisms, but only the 1-1 component of the matrix,which caused singularities like higher order δ function's.

然而在Dolan和Jackiw的工作中，由虚时热传播子解析延拓得到的结果不是实时方法中的二阶矩阵形式的热传播子，而只是其中的1-1矩阵元，从而会导致象高阶δ函数这样的奇异性，本文指出，这个结果是来源于一个隐含的假设，即认为实时方法的背景时空是一个明氏时空。

It is pointed out that,for overcoming time-delay infection of teleoperation of space robot and ensuring the stability and transparency of telerobot system in space,developing strategies should be that ①augmented reality technology with multi-apperception and robustness is adopted for configurative,certain and static environments;②the control technology of intelligent independence in slave local system with vision assistant is adopted for non-configurative, uncertain and dynamic environments;and ③intelligent control technology with multi-modes is adopted for multi-states environments.

指出就目前的技术发展水平而言，要能够有效地克服时延以确保空间机器人遥操作稳定性的同时系统具有良好的操作性能，应该采取的策略是：①在结构化的、确定性的和静态环境下，采用具有鲁棒性的多感知增强现实技术；②在非结构化的、不确定性的和动态环境下，采用视觉引导下的从端局部智能自主控制技术；③在多态环境下，采用多模式智能控制技术。

In accordance with discrete, non-symmetry and time-delay feedback neural networks, we provide some theoretical criteria to judge the stability for designing the networks. On continuous feedback networks, we built an algorithm to estimate the convergence region. On the HNN feedback networks, an effective optimization algorithm based on the annealing strategy and the chaotic neural network is presented, and some disciplinary conclusions are provided to guide the selection of parameters. Simulation results on benchmark problems demonstrate that the performances of our algorithm are distinctly superior to those of the classic HNN based on gradient descend and stochastic optimization methods based on probabilistic distribution.

针对离散、非对称和时延等三种类型的动态反馈网络，给出了可用于网络设计的稳定性判别准则；针对连续动态反馈网络，建立了其收敛域估计的一个算法；针对以HNN模型描述的动态反馈网络，基于退火策略和混沌神经网络提出了一种高效的优化算法，建立了可用于指导参数选择的一些规律性结论，对典型算例的仿真研究显示，改进算法在各类性能上相对基于梯度下降的传统HNN模型和基于概率分布的随机优化算法，具有明显的优越性。

Firstly, four beams are formed using wideband distortionless beamforming method, which divides the whole space into four separated regions. Then the beam outputs are calculated and taken as the signal received by a reference point.

该方法首先预形成指向4个方向的宽带无失真波束，各自的主瓣区域把整个空间分为4个不同的测量区，然后分别将这4个波束形成器的波束输出作为参考点接收到的声信号，利用基于时延的定向方法定向处于不同测量区的声源。

The method will make a break in the theory of earth-space location; achieve space-space location .

与第一种方法相比，该方法有如下优点：(1)不需要在星载SAR的视场中使用任何位置确知的参考点，因此将真正突破现存的地-空定位理论，达到空-空定位水平；(2)其定位精度将仅仅取决于星历数据的准确性、地球模型的有效性、脉冲时延所决定的目标斜距精度、以及成像中多普勒信息的估计精度。

After analyzing the characteristic of the rigid plane motion and the shortcomings of classical digital image correlation algorithms, the phase-angle position of the rigid body in the 2D image was characterized by 1D sequence signals using the method of equiangular sampling feature extraction based on circle windows. Then the generalized correlation algorithm for estimation of time delay based on wavelet transform was used to acquire the angular displacement. Finally the ultrasonic radiation force acted on the micro-component was determined by the relation between force and motion.

在研究检测对象刚体平面运动特点和分析传统数字图像相关算法局限性的基础上，采用基于圆周窗口等分角采样的特征提取方法，将二维图像中刚体的相角位置信息表征为一维采样时序信号，并通过基于小波变换的广义相关算法来估计位移前后特征序列的时延，得到刚体的旋转角位移，从而利用力与运动量的相互关系确定出作用于微构件的超声辐射力。

The mathematical models of the delay of the GPS signal in the circumstance are put forward respectively. The computation of orbital arc of the two satellite constellations is based on two body problem and perturbations models. An algorithm based on the IRI model and thin layer model is used to simulate the ionospheric delay of the GPS signal. The error models of observation, multipath, relativity and antenna phase center bias are also researched. Under the consideration of the autocorrelation of the electronical measurements, the autoregressive model of time series is introduced into the noise models.

在信号仿真中，研究了利用二体运动和摄动法计算LEO卫星至GPS卫星星座的几何距离的问题；在信号的误差模型中，研究了电离层时延的IRI2001模型和单层投影模型；讨论了观测误差、多径效应、相对论效应和天线相位中心偏移的误差模型；结合电子测量噪声的具有自相关特性的经验，研究了观测误差的AR模型；结合实测数据分析，讨论了接收机钟差和卫星钟差的误差建模问题。

From the composite section, it can be found that some fossils'range zones are too short. Maybe it is caused by the fossils not preserved properly or the samples not collected comprehensively. Most fossils'first occurrence data are later than the ages which are defined by the MIDK4 composite section. It is probably caused by the Foraminifer zones in Tethyan- Himalaya which are not isochronous with other areas. It can also be recognized that there are two major extinction and revival events at the boundary of Cenomanian/Turonian and the boundary of Coniacian/ Santonian. They are coincident with the two Ocean Anoxic Events and can be considered as the typical response by creatures.

在复合剖面上可以发现：一些化石的延限非常短，这可能是由于化石保存不完整或者样品采集不全造成的；大部分化石的首现面年龄值都要晚于MIDK4数据库复合剖面给出的年龄值，这可能是由于特提斯喜马拉雅带与全球其他地区的有孔虫化石带不等时造成的；同时，可以在复合剖面上识别出在Cenomanian/Turonian界线附近和Coniacian/Santonian界线附近存在两次大规模的生物灭绝和复苏事件，这正好与两次大洋缺氧事件发生的时间一致，可以作为缺氧事件的生物标志。

One stores multi-data and the other stores gene-data temporarily.Adjusted the sequence of replay based on switch ratio n,which meaned,send n multi-data packages and one gene-data package.

以减少实时数据的时延为目的，同时兼顾稳定性和公平性，提出了按照实时性对数据包进行区分队列管理，按照动态转发比率n进行调度发送的策略。n的数值可以根据实际应用采用动态自适应的方式进行设置。

Nevertheless, with the increasing of maximum number of retransmissions, the gain in spectral efficiency decreases, which suggest that enough spectral efficiency gain can be gotten by a desirable delay in practical systems.

但随着最大重传次数的增加频谱利用率的提高越来越小，这就使得实际系统能以较小的时延代价换取足够的频谱利用率增益。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。