延性

In order to use structures ability of elastic-plastic deformation to consume the earthquake energy, decrease the reaction in the earthquake, ferroconcrete frame structure should be designed into ductile one.

本文主要阐述了钢筋混凝土框架结构的耗能机理和抗震延性设计的方法，在设计实例中对框架构件的设计采用了新西兰规范和我国规范两种做法，并进行了比较，证明了采用修正的弹性分析方法的延性设计使结构具有更加足够的强度和良好的延性，具有较好的抗震性能。

After treatment and analysis of 150 domestic test data, probabilistic characteristics of displacement ductility factor of reinforced concrete frame columns and frames fits natural logarithm normal distribution and a functional expression is proposed by a statistical regression.

通过对国内150个钢筋混凝土框架柱和框架试验数据的整理和分析，得出位移延性系数的试验结果服从自然对数正态分布，并回归得到考虑多因素的位移延性系数经验公式，该公式可供钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震设计和评估参考。

Furthermore, the new ultrasonic vibration honing equipment designed according to the local resonance theory is manufactured and the second-level amplification phenomenon of individual sub-system of"flexible pole and oilstone base"in system is discovered for the first time.

粗、细磨粒超声延性域珩磨工程陶瓷材料的试验研究 a通过粗磨粒珩磨氧化锆工程陶瓷试验首次得出：普通珩磨延性切削范围小于1.5μm，同样条件下超声珩磨，延性切削范围可得到9μm，即超声珩磨的延性域切深几乎是普通珩磨的6倍。

Combining with the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(No.50478032), following researches were done in this thesis: 1 The variation regularity of the ultimate anti-bending capacity of therectangular-sectioned beam with different corrosion has been obtained through thequalitative analysis of 48 beams (32 corroded beams and 12 comparing beams) withaccelerated corrosion; 2 The conclusion has been obtained that the strain of corroded steel bar andconcrete no longer fit in with the assumption of plane section through the analysis ofthe strain data, the strain relation of steel bar and concrete in the mid-span section ofvariously corroded beams at ultimate has been obtained. Through the building of newgeometric relation, the expression of the height of compressive area in the corrodedbeam with rectangular section has been deduced, and the formula with corrosion rateas the main variable for the anti-bending capacity of the corroded concrete beam hasbeen suggested and verified by experiment.; 3 The influence of steel bar corrosion and the concrete regression to the flexureductility coefficient of the corroded structure component has been analyzed. Based onthe relation of steel bar and concrete at yield and ultimate, the expression for theflexure at yield and ultimate of corroded reinforced concrete beam, and the model forthe calculation of the flexure ductility has been built.

本文结合国家自然科学基金项目(50478032)"既有钢筋混凝土桥梁时变可靠度研究"，主要进行了以下研究工作： 1通过对48根快速锈蚀钢筋混凝土矩形截面梁(32根锈蚀梁和12根对比试验梁)数据的定性分析，得到了不同锈蚀率下，锈蚀钢筋混凝土矩形截面梁极限抗弯承载力的变化规律； 2通过对应变数据的分析，论证了锈蚀构件钢筋和混凝土的应变不再符合平截面假定的结论，并通过回归分析得出了不同锈蚀率的螺纹钢筋梁和光圆钢筋梁在极限弯矩作用下，跨中截面处钢筋应变和钢筋处混凝土应变的关系，通过构造新的几何关系，得出了锈蚀钢筋混凝土矩形截面梁计算受压区高度的表达式，既而得出了以锈蚀率为主要变量的锈蚀钢筋混凝土矩形截面梁的正截面抗弯计算建议公式，并通过试验数据加以验证； 3分析了钢筋锈蚀和混凝土劣化对锈蚀构件曲率延性系数的影响，结合钢筋屈服和极限弯矩两种状态下钢筋和混凝土的应变关系，分别得到了锈蚀钢筋混凝土矩形截面梁屈服曲率和极限曲率的计算表达式；既而推导出曲率延性系数的计算模型。

Combining with the mechanics theory of yield and fracture of metal in classical mechanics and fracture mechanics,crack formation criteria of ductile metal in stress triaxiality space is deduced by studying fracture stress field in root of notched bar made by ductile metal.

结合经典力学和断裂力学对金属屈服和断裂解释的力学原理，通过对延性金属刻痕杆刻痕根部断裂应力场分析，推导了延性金属在应力三轴空间的微观裂纹形成准则。

After considering the influences of the tensility performance and ratio of damping on the earthquake action of steel structure, the reference formula to design the earthquake force based on the λ is given.

在考虑了钢结构的延性性能、阻尼比等因素对结构地震作用的影响之后，给出了采用概率－延性调整系数的设计地震力的参考公式。

In this temperature range, medium carbon steel is not weaker than lower and higher carboncontaining steel in resisting crack formation, which reveals that the high susceptiveness of steel slab which contains 0.10%～0.18% of C is not attributed to the d...

在γ单相区低温域，碳含量较低和较高钢试样的延性显著低于碳含量中等钢。而在γ＋α两相域，钢的低延性区域随碳含量的增加向低温方向移动，碳含量较低钢的延性好于碳含量中等和较高钢。

The relative formula between axial pressure ratio and hooped reinforcement ratio of short column is obtained. The suggested limit values of axial pressure ratio and minimum hooped ratio of short columus are put forward through the test, which satisfy certain requirement of ductility.

通过试验对高强混凝土短柱的破坏特性和滞回特性进行了分析，分析了影响高强混凝土短柱延性的主要因素，得出了满足一定延性要求的高强混凝土短柱的轴压比和配箍率的关系公式；同时提出了满足一定延性要求的高强混凝土短柱的轴压比限值和箍筋加密区的最小配箍率的建议值。

C arbitrarily inequiaxial T-shaped, L-shaped and "十"shaped columns subjected to 792 load conditions is calculated using compiled C++ programme. On the basis of calculation results, the factors influencing the worst load orientation are analyzed and load orientation of the least curvature ductility of three kinds of sections is presented.Furthermore a analysis of failure mechanism for R.

本文采用非线性全过程分析方法，采用C++语言编制了不等肢异形柱截面曲率延性比的计算程序，首先计算了不等肢T形、L形和十字形柱在792种工况下的截面曲率延性比，在此基础上分析了影响不等肢异形柱截面延性的最不利荷载方向的各种因素，并得出了这三种截面不等肢异形柱在上述工况下的截面延性最不利荷载方向。

And destruction usually occurs on angle.(2)Around the keyhole, the stress centralizes, column" edge opt to inflects in local.(3)The change of friction coefficients or bolt pretension forces can"t affect the performance of top-and-seat angel connections so much.(4)The parameters of angel influence joints performance greatly.

破坏一般是由于顶角钢上应力过大，形成塑性铰而导致的；(2)柱翼缘在与顶角钢相连的螺栓孔周围，存在应力集中，容易导致局部屈曲；(3)材料抗滑移系数的改变和螺栓预拉力的大小对于节点受力性能的影响并不明显；(4)角钢参数的改变对节点的各项性能影响显著，增加角钢厚度，节点的强度、刚度和延性都能得到明显的提高；增加角钢长度，节点的强度和刚度也有较大的提高，延性则略有下降；(5)柱轴压比过大时，节点的承载力、刚度以及变形能力明显下降；(6)螺栓中心线到角钢肢背距离增大时，节点的强度和刚度有所下降，但延性略有增加。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失