度量

The similarity measure of the clustering objects heavily affects the cluttering result, so the author studies the problems about similarity measure, and proposes a generalized distance.

聚类对象的相似性度量对聚类结果的影响很大，因而研究了聚类中的相似性度量问题，提出了广义距离概念。

In this study, a novel artificial immune system algorithm for unsupervised classification and recognition is proposed by using a novel manifold distance based dissimilarity measure which can measure the geodesic distance along the manifold.

摘要将一种新的流形距离作为相似性度量测度，提出了一种用于无监督分类与识别的人工免疫系统方法。通过基于流形距离的相似性度量，有效利用样本集固有的全局一致性信息，充分挖掘无类属样本的空间分布信息，对样本进行类别划分。

Isomap is one of the representative techniques of nonlinear dimensionality reduction.It extends classical multidimensional scaling by considering approximate geodesic distance. However,Isomap is sensitive to noise because the approximate geodesic distance is constructed on the basis of Euclidean distance. In this paper,a kernel-induced distance metric defined in the feature space is introduced instead of the Euclidean distance to evaluate the geodesic distance and construct the corresponding neighborhood graph.

采用核方法在特征空间推导出一类异于欧氏距离的新度量，代替等度规特征映射中的对噪声敏感的欧式距离，用新度量构造测地距离和相应的最小近邻图，提高Isomap算法的抗噪声能力。

A generalized Gaussian Laplacian eigenmap algorithm based on geodesic distance is proposed,which incorporates geodesic distance and generalized Gaussian function into the original Laplacian eigenmap algorithm.GGLE algorithm can adjust the similarities between nodes of neighborhood graph,and can preserve the different degrees of local properties by using super-Gaussian function,Gaussian function or sub-Gaussian function.Moreover,GGLE can avoid the deficiency of Euclidean distance by using geodesic distance when neighborhoods of data points are enlarged for preserving more neighborhood relations.Experimental results show that the global low-dimensional coordinates obtained by GGLE have different clustering properties and different degrees of preserving local neighborhood structures when different generalized Gaussian functions are used to measuring the similarities between high-dimensional data points.(3) An ensemble-based discriminant algorithm based on GGLE is proposed.

该算法将测地线距离和广义高斯函数融合到传统的拉普拉斯特征映射算法中，可以调整近邻图结点间的相似度，通过选择超高斯、高斯或者次高斯函数来实现不同程度的近邻局部特性的保持；而且当需要保持更多的近邻关系使得数据点邻域增大时，采用测地线距离可以避免欧氏距离度量不合理的缺陷；实验结果表明在用不同的广义高斯函数度量高维数据点间的相似度时，局部近邻结构保持的程度是不同的，GGLE获得的全局低维坐标也呈现出不同的聚类特性。

By using the multi-year series of the circulation indices P and C for the closed pressure system on the unit radius spherical surface,three characteristic quantities of annual system centers(around the climatological center C-) are defined.1Average distance r,which is defined as the weighted geometric average distance of the annual system centers C deviating from the climatological center C-(i.e.the center location anomaly C′),is a measurement for distribution area of the system...

用单位半径球面上闭合气压系统环流指数P、C的多年序列，构造了历年系统中心在C-周围分布的3个特征量：1平均距离r，它定义为历年系统中心C偏离于气候中心C-的权重几何平均距离，是系统中心分布区域大小的度量；2压缩系数μ，它描述了历年系统中心分布区域偏离于圆形的程度，是历年系统中心位置分布各向异性的度量；3极大异常方向β，它用系统中心极大异常偏离-C处正东方向的角度，给出了系统中心的主要异常方向。

Grey incidence analysis is a multiple factors method that the closeness of relationship of the multiple factors is judged based on the similarity level of the geometric patterns of sequence curves.

灰色关联分析是通过对序列几何关系的度量来比较系统中多因素关系的紧密程度，其紧密程度可由序列曲线几何形状的接近程度来度量。

Given a hyperbolic plane H2(-1)=,whose sectional curvature k is function K is the Gaussian curvature of the conformal metric g = e2ug ,then K satisfies the conformal Gauss curvature equation .

设H~2(-1)=是具常截面曲率k==1的双曲平面，其中B={∈R~2：x~2+y~2＜1}是单位圆盘，g=4(dx~2+dy~2)/(1-x~2-y~2)~2是所谓的Poincaré度量。考虑H~2(-1)上的共形形变度量？

We define a new consistency measure as the inner product between two normalized gradient vectors at the corresponding locations in two images.

我们定义一个新的具一致性的度量，此度量为以在比对的两个影像中的相对应的区域里的两个对应点上正规化梯度的内积。

By correlative analysis of measurement functions,suitable measures for rule interestingness evaluation were determined,so as to guide users for useful rules selections.

经过度量函数之间的相关分析，确定适合的度量，并据此对规则进行兴趣度评估，指导用户对有用规则的选择。

Through the above work, the operability of CMMI are improved, and the intuitivism,operability and availability of software process measurement and analysis are improved. So, itcould make the software process measurement using more widely in small and medium-sizesoftware corporations.

通过本文的研究工作，增强了CMMI 的可操作性，使过程度量与分析更加直观、易用、高效，使过程度量在中小型软件企业中得到更大范围的推广和使用。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。