度量

Based onthe concept of Transactional-cluster-modes Dissimilarity,an agglomerative hierar-chical clustering algorithm,i.c.ACTD algorithm is designed and implemented.

以自定义的交易聚类模式相异度度量为基础设计和开发出一种凝聚的层次聚类算法，即ACTD算法。

These exponential or logarithmic relationship, that characterize harmonious growth with changing proportions, are termed "allometric".

作为比例有变化的协调增长这些指数或对数关系被标为&开度量&关系。

Assessment included KT-1000 arthrometer testing, isokinetic strength testing, a return-to-sport questionnaire, and a radiograph assessment.

评估项目包括： KT-1000关节度量计、等动力肌力测试、重返运动调查表和 X 线摄片评估。

Large numbers of affixes and multiplex modues of expression are indwelled in Longyan dialect.Some kinds of affixes and approximate affixes which influence signification are explored in this thesis.The verb "xxV" with overlapping prefix can intensify signification,the adjective "Axx" or "Axy" with postfix can make signification augmentatively,the dajective "A啦B" meaning disparagement has rhetorical effect.

龙岩话中有大量的词缀和多样的程度表达方式，从中探讨其影响词义程度强弱的几类词缀和类词缀：带叠字前缀的动词&xxV&有加强动量的作用；带后缀形容词&Axx&及&Axy&有加深度量的作用；带中缀的形容词特殊格式&A啦B&有强调贬损意味的辞效。

Firstly, the definition of image representation, measure of sparsity, and the basic methods of sparse representation are reviewed. And then, we analyze the performance of nonlinear approximation of Ridgelet, Curvelet, Contourlet and Bandelet transform.

论文阐述了信号表示的定义、稀疏性度量以及图像稀疏表示的基本理论方法，分析与比较了脊波变换、曲线波变换、Contourlet变换、Bandelet变换各自的非线性逼近性能。

Our results show that as for which expected return models or approaches to measure abnormal performance-AAR and BHAR is more appropriate, and whether test statistics being misspecificated, there are different answers from the academic field

研究发现，在各期望收益模型、两种度量异常收益方法－AAR与BHAR的选择，以及各检验统计量是否存在错误设定等问题上，国外学界并未达成共识，争论仍在继续。

Besides, we can also determine the share of the every piece of stock. Finally, we give out the comparing analysis for the frontier we have got, breadthwise and lengthways: frontiers with different dealing costs and confidence levels; frontiers based on different risk measurement.

同时，本文还对所得到的有效前沿进行了比较分析：一方面是横向的，当预先设定参数改变时(如交易成本k、置信水平α)的不同有效前沿的比较；另一方面是纵向的，比较了基于不同风险度量的优化模型的比较前沿。

First of all, this paper gives the calculational methods of stock liquidity in the quote-driven system.

给出报价驱动机制下的股票流动性的计算方法，提出指令驱动机制下的股票流动性和市场流动性计算方法，并运用这些度量方法，从不同角度实证研究了涨跌幅限制对流动性的影响。

Embedding the gradient direction search and new kinds of evaluation functions into the Genetic Algorithm, a special hybrid Genetic Algorithm with mutation along the weighted gradient direction to solve non-linear programming problems is developed. Then in Chapt 4, a type of nonlinear programming problems with fuzzy objective and fuzzy resources constraints is discussed, in which the objective is ill-defined and the resources possess two different types of fuzzy resources, i. e., tolerance and imprecision. By way of description and formulation of fuzzy objective and fuzzy resources, the problem with fuzzy objective and two different types of fuzzy resources is modelled into a fuzzy nonlinear programming model FO/RNLP and interpreted as three equivalent alternative crisp model to reflect the variety of the environment and the subjective and preference of the decision maker .

本文首先针对遗传算法在求解非线性规划问题中存在的问题，首次提出非可行点／染色体的主导准可行方向，准可行方向，及非可行点属于可行域的可行度等新概念，借助于模糊思想，提出了描述和度量非可行染色体的新方法；通过嵌入非可行染色体的信息于评价函数中，提出了三种新的评价非可行染色体的评价函数；把传统的启发式方法-梯度方向搜索和新的评价函数嵌入到遗传算法中，提出了一种沿加权梯度方向变异的新型混合式遗传算法；第四章针对生产实际中非清晰定义的模糊目标和两种类型的模糊资源，建立了一类连续型模糊目标／资源约束非线性规划问题的模型FO／RNLP。

By comparison between SMM HXRBS observation and ground observation of Hα and CaIIK lines, especially through the combined study between SMM HXRBS observation and chromospheric flare models, the results show that: in the initial stage of impulsive phase, there is a correlative relation betweem Hα line intensity and hard X-ray emission; different spike in hard X-ray flux curve represents the burst at different location; the energy taken by non-thermal electron beam is larger than the radiative loss in chromosphere; for the flare studied here, the chromospheric evapporation is explosive; if the chromosphere is in balance between electron beam bombardment and radiative loss, the column mass density at the top of chromospheric flare model can not be taken as measure from the source of electrons and then the total material between the source of electrons and the top of chromosphere can be estimated.

通过一个具体耀斑的SMM HXRBS观测结果与同时基于地面得到的Hα和CaⅡK可见光谱观测结果对比，特别是将硬x谱观测结果与色球半经验模型联立研究，结果显示出：在脉冲相上升段，硬x发射与Hα辐射之间存在对应关系；硬x线光变曲线中不同脉冲爆发分量不太可能起源于同一位置；硬x辐射所反映的高能非热电子总携带能量大于色球总辐射损失；对所研究的耀斑而言，其色球蒸发过程是爆发性的；在详细比较了非热电子色球总沉积和色球辐射损失的基础上，指出半经验模型中色球顶部柱数密度不能看成是从非热电子源度量的，从而估计了色球顶部到非热电子源之间的总物质。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。