度量

Then,we improve CSFP Model in two aspects:when we ascertain the frequency of default,we use negative binomial distribution to substitute Poisson distribution so that the model can measure the data better;when we ascertain the loss distribution of default,we use Γ-distribution to substitute normal distribution.

其创新与特色一是对贷款组合的风险暴露数进行分段，在每一频段上分别确定风险暴露数分布，进而可以更准确的描述各笔贷款的风险暴露数。二是在确定风险暴露数分布时，用Γ分布替代了传统的正态分布，解决了贷款违约的风险暴露数分布的厚尾问题，进而解决了大宗贷款违约的风险度量问题。三是确定违约频率时，用负二项分布来代替传统的泊松分布，解决了违约频率的方差通常要大于其均值的分布拟合问题。

Powder P205 is used to measure the thermal and fast neutron flux in the X rays field.

4粉状五氧化二磷(P2O5)用以度量照野内中子剂量之工具。

Nilpotent and solvable Lie groups with left-invariant Riemannian metrics play aremarkable role in Riemannian geometry.

在黎曼几何中，带有左不变黎曼度量的幂零和可解李群具有重要作用。

Because of embedded option, the cash flow of callable bond is not certain. Fortunately, it has the same future cash flow as the portfolio of one long noncallable bond and one short call option on the callable payments. So under a nonarbitrage condition, the value of callable bond equals the difference of the value of noncallable bond and call option.

由于内嵌看涨期权的存在，可赎回债券的预期现金流事先并非确定，但因其未来的现金流表现与持有可比普通债券和卖空看涨期权的投资组合相同，故而可赎回债券的价格在无套利条件下应等于可比普通债券减去看涨期权的差值，也就是说用于普通债券的一般定价和度量方法并不适用于此种特殊的选择权债券。

On the portfolio credit risk analysis, this thesis, based on the credit data's scarcity in China, puts forward a nonparametric method to measure the default correlation coefficients between China's listed companies, and then presented a numerical example to show how to use it in practice.

在组合信用风险分析方面，本文在以往研究的基础上，并针对中国信用数据十分稀少的实际情况，提出了一种对中国上市公司间违约相关系数进行度量的非参数方法，最后用一个数值例子来说明这种方法在实际中的应用。

Data depths have been widely applied to quality control, mulitivariate regression, clustering and calssification,nonparametric test and risk measure.

数据深度作为一种多维数据的排序方法，已经被广泛应用于质量控制、多元回归、置信区域、聚类判别、非参检验和风险度量等众多领域。

Keywords Operation mode of Financial Conglomerate;Triangular Fuzzy Number Evaluation;Mode of Financial Supervision;Risk Measurement;Ternary Variate Normal Copula-VaR;Allocation of Economic capital;Virtual Econ

Article From 天津大学；管理科学与工程博士论文 2004年度金融混业经营模式；三角模糊数综合评价；金融监管模式；风险度量；三元正态Copula-VaR；经济资本分配；虚拟经济资本

Let the combination of weighted grey relevancy analysis and fuzzy C-mean valued clustering algorithm be applied to the wear pattern evaluation system of diesel engine, taking the Bezdek criterion and the fuzzy entropy value as the measuring target to enhance the search ability in overall situation and determined the weighted exponent value m, the wear patterned fuzzy analysis model was established by means of the clustering centre and the normalized standard vector.

将加权灰色关联分析与模糊C-均值聚类(fuzzy center-means clustering)算法相结合应用到柴油机磨损模式评价体系中，以Bezdek准则和模糊熵值为度量指标加强全局搜索能力并确定了加权指数m值，通过聚类中心和归一化的标准向量建立了磨损模式的模糊分析模型。

The existences of common fixed points and fixed points for set valued mapping s in a complete normed space are discussed.

在更一般的条件下，研究了完备度量空间中集值映象的重合点和不动点存在性问

This paper presents the investigation of numerical stability and error estimate of SFBEM in elastic plane problems. Several conclusions regarding the above issues are obtained in this paper, which lays a solid foundation for its practical application.

本文主要针对弹性力学平面问题样条虚边界元法在数值稳定性与误差估计方面的问题展开讨论，获得了虚边界的布设规律及方法误差的直观度量，为该法的实际应用打下了更好的基础。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。