度谱的

In this paper,the detailed preparation process of gas chromatographic column for separating benzene series was introduced,the optimum column temperature and flow rate of carried gas were selected for separation the mixture of cyclohexane,benzene and toluene,and the column performance has been studied in respects to column efficiency and separating size.

本文主要介绍了气相色谱柱的详细制备过程，并以环已烷、苯和甲苯的混合物的分离为例，选择了最佳的操作条件。同时从柱效率和分离度两方面考察了该色谱柱的柱性能。

The effect of tribology factors on bearing vibration is studied experimentally. AR model and WPT are used to processing the normal arid abnormal signals. The results are as follows:1. The vibration of ball bearings is caused by the tribology action of contact pairs of ball and ring races and has the essential of tribo-dynamics. Any factors affecting the tribology characteristics of contact pairs will affect vibration and noise of bearings consequently.2. Vibration characteristics of bearing keep almostly unchanged with the increasing of axial load expecting the increasing of nature frequencies. When radial load increasing with axial load unchanged, nature frequencies keep unchanged but some new vibration peaks appears in the spectrum.3. Vibration amplitudes are damped and nature frequency are enhanced with sufficient lubrication. Vibration and noise of bearings increase obviously and roar can happen and the contact surfaces scratch slightly under insufficient and unclean lubrication state. Bearing will be disabled in a few minutes without any lubrication.4. Bearing vibration is unstable under low speed. With the speed increasing, the vibration become stable and natural frequencies increase slightly but the amplitudes increase apparently.5. Bearing vibration can be excited only by some harmonics ofwaviness without lubrication and by all harmonics with lubrication based on the theoretical analysis.6. The nature frequencies of ball bearings decrease with the increasing sizes. When international clearance increasing, nature frequencies decrease in radial and increase in axial and angular and the amplitudes increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular. When the number of balls increasing, nature frequencies increase and amplitudes decrease. When the pitch diameter increasing, axial nature frequency increase and others nearly keep no change. When outer race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular and amplitudes keep no change in radial and increase in axial and angular. When inner race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies decrease and amplitudes increase.7. The distortion in amplitude and frequency components of bearing vibration signals picked up by the present probe measurement method is founded and right conclusions cannot be achieved by the signals. When accelerometer is rigidly screwed with steel stud onto a flat outer surface of a ball bearing, vibration signal can be got without distortion and the reliability of research on bearing vibration is assured.8. AR model is suitable for large samples of bearing vibration signals, square root of length of samples can be used as the upper limitation of order determination and the FPE order selection criterion is effective. Many advantages of AR spectrum are founded over the classical based on FFT.9. Time-Frequency analysis is necessary for abnormal noise of ball bearings. WPT overcomes the principle shortcomings of STFT and proved to be a best tool to process the abnormal signals.

理论分析和试验研究表明： 1球轴承振动是钢球—滚道接触副中的各种摩擦学作用引起的，具有摩擦动力学的本质，任何对接触副的摩擦学特性有影响的因素都将对球轴承的振动和噪声特性产生影响； 2中心轴向载荷作用下，载荷增大使球轴承的固有振动频率升高，载荷越大同样的载荷增幅引起的频率升幅减小，足够大的中心轴向载荷作用下载荷的变化对球轴承振动的频率特性不会产生明显的影响； 3轴向和径向联合载荷作用下，径向载荷不大时球轴承振动的固有频率基本不变，但是可能引起变刚度激励的非线性振动，出现新的频峰，过大的径向载荷将使部分钢球脱离接触，使球轴承的振动和噪声呈现不稳定状态； 4润滑对球轴承的振动和噪声特性有重要的影响，良好的润滑对振动有明显的抑制作用，润滑不充分时，振动和噪声的水平会有明显增高，一定条件下还会激发接触副中的谐振，发出啸声，造成接触表面的伤害，无润滑干接触时，短时的运转就会损伤接触副表面，使振动和噪声迅速增大，并随时可能引发严重的磨损和卡滞失效；接触副润滑良好时，油膜的"刚化效应"使球轴承振动的固有频率有所提高，润滑剂中含有弥散性污浊时，振动的幅度总体升高，但弥散性污浊不会改变球轴承振动的频率特性；浙江大学博士学位论文：球轴承振动的研究 5低速时，球轴承振动的基本特征呈现不稳定状态，随着转速的提高，球轴承振动的频率特性趋于稳定，固有频率频峰升高； 6理论分析表明，干接触时钢球和滚道表面波纹度的某些谐波分量能激励球轴承的振动，振动的幅值与谐波幅值成正比，实际球轴承中钢球的分布不可能完全均匀，波纹度的激励作用会随时发生；润滑接触的分析表明，波纹度的任意谐波分量均能激励球轴承的振动； 7球轴承的几何和结构参数分析表明，球轴承尺寸越大，径向、轴向和角振动的固有频率越低；钢球中心圆直径增大，球轴承的径向和轴向振动的固有频率基本不变，角振动的固有频率有所上升，振动的幅频特性基本不变；径向游隙加大使球轴承的径向振动固有频率降低，轴向和角振动的固有频率有所升高，径向振动幅频特性的幅值升高，而轴向和角向降低；钢球的数量增多使球轴承振动的固有频率上升，幅频特性的幅值下降，径向振动的幅值下降最为明显；外圈沟曲率半径系数增大使球轴承径向振动的固有频率升高，轴向和角振动的固有频率降低，径向幅频特性基本不变，轴向和角向幅频特性幅值升高；内圈沟曲率半径系数增大使径向、轴向和角振动固有频率均下降，振动幅频特性的幅值均有升高； 8试验对比表明，传感器采用探针式安装时，由于探针接触副接触特性的影响，钡(量得到的球轴承振动信号有失真，采用专门设计和制作的试验球轴承，以固定式安装加速度计，首次测量得到了球轴承振动的真实信号，通过对振动信号的分析，验证了球轴承振动的理论模型； 9)基于时间序列分析的AR模型适用于大样本球轴承振动信号的分析，以样本长度的均方根值作定阶上界，FPE做判阶准则，给出的AR谱光滑，频率分辨率高，是球轴承振动分析的简便而可靠的手段； 10以时频域分析的小波包变换分析球轴承异音信号能够比较好地定位和聚焦异音发生的时间，时间间隔，频率范围，同样是球轴承振动分析的可靠的手段，可用作球轴承故障诊断技术。

Thehydrogen bonding interaction between the components results in upfield or downfield shift ofthe related resonance, which is correlated with the change of magnetic shielding on thecarbon.

另外，氢键相互作用还导致核磁共振谱线变宽，但是核磁共振谱线的宽度变化也同时受体系的Tg和结晶度的影响。

Superscript 3C NMR spectra for metallocene polyethylenes were measured to confirm the existence of various branches from methyl to hexyl end longer chains and other structural units. DRI from rheological data were used to determine the level of long chain branching in mPEs, and the results were compared with each other.

采用高分辨度(上标 13)C NMR谱直接测定茂金属聚乙烯的支化度及其他微量异种结构单元的组成，并过流变数据获得DRI指数来表徵mPEs长支链结构；对二者的结果进行了比较。

The relationship between the inverse number density of particle of the laser transition levels and the discharge condition such as the discharge current, the He pressure and the temperature of Cd-reservior has been achieved. The discharge condition for obtaining maximum laser output was theoretically achieved.

分析了441.6nm谱线的激发机理及各种粒子的相互作用过程，导出了441.6nm谱线跃迁能级激励的理论模型及其粒子数密度速率方程，得到了粒子反转数密度与放电电流、氦气压强和镉炉温度等放电条件的关系，从理论上，定量得出了获得最大输出功率时的放电条件。

It was applied to analyze the structures of ashless dispersants and their derivatives. The results were obtained and correlated. The molecular weight distribution and dipersity of ashless dispersant, number of polyisobutene R and polymeric degree of R polymerism in addition agent were obtained.

以Ultrastyragel为固定相，四氢呋喃作流动相，用普适标准校正曲线及凝胶渗透色谱法对无灰分散剂及其对应衍生物的结构进行了分析测定，并将测定结果相关联，计算出了无灰分散剂的相对分子质量分布、分散度及添加剂所含聚异丁烯R基的个数及R基聚合度。

First, a non-negative tensor factorization algorithm is improved by imposing sparseness constraints on it. Secondly, the bispectral images of mechanical signals are obtained and stacked to form a third-order tensor. Thirdly, the improved algorithm is used to extract features, which are represented by a series of basis images from this tensor. Finally, coefficients indicating these basis images' weights in constituting original bispectral images are calculated for fault classification.

首先，改进已有的非负张量分解算法，加入稀疏度控制策略；其次，将机械振动信号的双谱图像堆叠为一个三阶张量；然后利用改进后的分解算法对该张量进行二次故障特征提取，得到代表局部特征的"基图像"；最后，通过计算得出基图像在构成原双谱图像中所占的权重，并将得到的权重向量用于故障分类。

The changes of molecular weight and viscosity of the UV-curing coatings during storage were determined by GPC and viscometry .

用凝胶渗透色谱和粘度法跟踪测定光固化涂料贮存期间的分子量参数和粘度，探讨了影响光固化涂料贮存稳定性的各种因素，对2种光固化树脂在加入不同光引发剂、不同活性稀释剂后的贮存稳定性作了评价。

Hyperbranched aliphatic polyethers with narrow molecular weight distribution have been prepared via anionic polymerization of glycidol with rapid cation-exchange equilibrium.

根据~(13)C-NMR谱图的积分结果，计算得到HPG的支化度为0.54，GPC测得的数均分子量为3265，分散度为1.48。

Results Bulbus alkaloids easily formed molecular ions(superscript + in MS and dimerized easily in alcohol solution, which did not dimerize in acidity solution. Collision induced dissociation made these alkaloids easily lose a molecule of H2O. The MS spectra of the extracts of five Bulbu Fritillartae species indicated that the major molecular ions were similar to each other, but different varieties showed very different relative abundances of these molecular ions.

结果 在正离子一级质谱中，贝母生物碱易形成带一个正电荷的准分子离子，并且在中性醇溶液中，贝母生物碱易形成二聚体，在酸性介质中则无此现象；二级碰撞诱导解离易使贝母生物碱脱去一分子水；5种贝母对照药材的总生物碱提取液的一级电喷雾质谱图显示，主要分子离子峰基本相同，但因品种不同相对丰度差异较大。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。