度

In this paper well verify that it is true for tree(a special type of bipartite graph)vertex-multiplications, and it is a extention to one of the results in paper.In the second chapter, from the point of view of non-decreasing degree sequence we give a degree-maximal non-Hamilton simple balanced bipartite graph bm,n. We give a result below.

第二章中从图的不减度序列角度给出了一类度极大的非哈密尔顿简单平衡二部图，并且证明了：任何非哈密尔顿的简单平衡二部图，它的不减度序列一定弱于此类图中的某个图b_的度序列。

Across the altitudinal gradient, a total of 12635 individuals belonging to 6 phyla, 15 classes and 33 orders were collected. With increasing altitude, the density of soil fauna decreased, but the group number was less affected. There was a higher co-occurrence of soil faunal communities along the altitudinal gradient, and Nematoda, Acarina, and Collembola were the dominant groups. Below the altitude 370 m, the Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou index, and Margalef abundance index increased with increasing altitude; while above the altitude 370 m, the Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index decreased but the abundance index increased after an initial slight decrease.

结果表明：土壤动物密度随海拔升高而下降，类群数受海拔影响较小，各海拔群落的共有度较高，优势类群基本均为线虫、蜱螨目和弹尾目；Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数及Margalef丰富度指数仅在海拔370 m以下随海拔升高而增加，而在海拔370 m以上，Shannon-Wiener指数与Pielou均匀度指数下降，丰富度指数在略有下降后再次上升。

ABSTRACT In this dissertation, fault-tolerance of redundant manipulators is thoroughly investigated. First, inherent relationship between the dexterity and fault-tolerance of single-redundancy manipulator is discussed. Both the manipulability and the relative manipulability are utilized for measuring the kinematic fault-tolerance of the manipulator with one joint failure. Furthermore, the relative manipulability is used for measuring dexterity loss resulted by one joint failure, and the relationship between the fault-tolerance measurement and null space vector of Jacobian matrix is established.

本文对冗余自由度机器人的答错性问题进行了深入的分析和迭付：首先研究了单冗余度机器人运动学灵活性与容错性之间的内在关系，提出以故障构形的可操作度和相对可操作度来度量机器人的运动学容错性，用相对可操作度来度量关节故障给机器人操作灵巧性造成的损失，并建立了容错性度量指标与Jacobian矩阵零空间向量之间的关系。

After dealing with the CT image of pedicle screw with interpolation numberical method, for pedicle screw of gradeⅠ,CT had a positive predictive value of 52.7%, a negative predictive value of 94%.,a sensitivity of 67% and a specificity of 94%; for pedicle screw of gradeⅡ, CT had a positive predictive value of 75%, a negative predictive value of 100%.,a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 94%.

结果：采用"低窗位、高窗宽"原则处理CT影像后，CT对于Ⅰ度椎弓根螺钉的敏感度为33%、特异度为87%、阳性预测值为32%、阴性预测值为88%。CT 对于Ⅱ度椎弓根螺钉的敏感度为100%、特异度为88％、阳性预测值为60%、阴性预测值为100%。Kapper值为0.603。

Based on the important results obtained from the present research on second degree price discrimination, this dissertation makes a systemic and more practical mathematics study on the side of the manufacturer angels, including further and more deeply research on monopoly manufacturer how to actualize second price discrimination under nonlinear demand function, Nash equilibrium of second degree price discrimination under the condition of competition with different demand functions, monopoly manufacturer how to actualize second

结果表明，其纳什均衡结果存在依赖于两厂商产品的市场占有率，并且两厂商需求区间的分段数越多，其纳什均衡存在的必要条件要求他们的实力越接近；第四章针对实际情况将确定性需求条件下厂商处于完全垄断状态下的二度价格歧视理论研究推广到不确定性需求条件下的二度价格歧视理论研究，更进一步地研究了垄断厂商在线性随机需求条件下的二度价格歧视模型，用计算机模拟了此模型的可行性，分析模拟结果得出了一系列重要结论，最后给出了更具一般性的不确定需求条件下的二度价格歧视模型，并严格证明了此模型的可行性；第五章对全文进行总结。

To solve the problem, outbreeding strategy and dynamic fitness function strategy: outbreed and timely change standard of evaluating individuals were proposed to increase diversity and select excellent individuals; The experiments showed that the performance of traditional GEP is effectively improved by the combination of OBS and DFFS. The average fitness for the best individual is increased by 7%~14%, the maximal fitness is increased by over 7%, and the success rate is increased by over 30%.

提出了远缘繁殖策略和动态适应度函数策略，远亲繁殖并及时变换评估个体的标准，增加多样性并有利于选择优质个体；实验表明，将远缘繁殖和动态适应度函数策略结合，有效地改善了传统GEP的性能，进化代数平均下降达10%，平均最高适应度值提高7%~14%，最高适应度提高达7%以上，进化的成功率提高达30%以上。

In this paper,we present the fundamental the ory and the experimental principle of the optical electron polarimetry.

极化电子束在物理学及其相关领域应用十分广泛，要深入研究这些应用必须对电子束的极化度进行精确测量，通常测量电子束极化度的仪器有两种：Mott极化度测量仪和光学极化度测量仪。

Though setting the VO and topic as the basic parameters, Analyzing the other parameters, for example, the function of pie-or postposition, the type of connection word, nonverb preposition and their syntactic structure, the types of possibility complement with object, and so on.

本文从现代原型范畴理论和语言系统层级性出发，尝试提出基于语序原型的类型相似度比较研究，即以VO和OV语序类型为原型，根据参项上所表现出的和谐度不同，分析与原型语序VO、OV的相似度或接近度。

Results The estimated heritabilities of each item were from 0.59 to 0.87 after adjusting for age.The heritabilities of triceps skinfolds,subscapular skinfolds,sum of triceps and subscapular skinfolds and body fat percent were the lowest in preadolescent period in the boys(0.55,0.62,0.53,0.51,respectively) and the lowest in lateadolescent period in girls(0.53,0.43,0.24,0.40,respectively).In the course of adolescence,the heritabilities of lean body mass increased steadily in both boys and girls.

结果 全部双生子分性别校正年龄后，各指标遗传度在0.59～0.87之间；不同发育期各指标遗传度存在差异，肱三头肌皮褶、肩胛下皮褶、2处皮褶厚度之和、体脂百分比的遗传度男生在青春期前期最低，分别为0.55，0.62，0.53，0.51，女生在青春期晚期最低，分别为0.53，0.43，0.24，0.40；男、女瘦体重遗传度随青春期发育进程呈增加趋势。

The heritabilities of triceps skinfolds,subscapular skinfolds,sum of triceps and subscapular skinfolds and body fat percent were the lowest in preadolescent period in the boys(0.55,0.62,0.53,0.51,respectively) and the lowest in lateadolescent period in girls(0.53,0.43,0.24,0.40,respectively).In the course of adolescence,the heritabilities of lean body mass increased steadily in both boys and girls.

结果 全部双生子分性别校正年龄后，各指标遗传度在0.59～0.87之间；不同发育期各指标遗传度存在差异，肱三头肌皮褶、肩胛下皮褶、2处皮褶厚度之和、体脂百分比的遗传度男生在青春期前期最低，分别为0.55，0.62，0.53，0.51，女生在青春期晚期最低，分别为0.53，0.43，0.24，0.40；男、女瘦体重遗传度随青春期发育进程呈增加趋势。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷