底板

Perforated circular holes on backplate are laid out as hexagon to adjust air squeeze-film damping between diaphragm and backplate.

底板采用铜电镀技术制作，底板上呈蜂窝状分布的圆形通气孔用来调节敏感膜与底板间的空气压膜阻尼。

To give the definition of the mass concrete and to concrete\'s cracks together with practical meanings of control ,and give a brief review on the research in the field at home and abroad, at last, methods to control temperature crack of the mass concrete from several aspects such as design measures,concrets material, construction schedules.etc are summed up; To explain the physical mechanics of the concrete and computing methods-Difference Method and Finite Element Method, and illustrate the application of their specific methods repectively;Several temperature factors that can influence the temperature stress of mass concrete baseplate are analyzed. The influence degree of temperature factor can be got through the ANSYS simulation computation the control of temperature can control the temperature stress, consequently control the temperature crack of mass concert baseplate; through the influence of the crack resistance ability of mass concrete baseplate which takes the reinforcement as a part is analyzed. By ANSYS simulation, the best suited volume ratio of reinforcement is found out, at same time the layout of reinforcement with the same volume ratio can also affect the resistance ability of mass concrete baseplate. Sum up of above analysis, anti-crack function of steel bar in early mass concrete baseplate is obvious, so it\'s necessary to consider beneficial effect of construction steel bar in research of temperature control on mass concrete baseplate.

本文先容了大体积混凝土及混凝土裂缝的基本概念，对国内外在这个领域里的研究现状作了扼要叙述，并从结构设计、混凝土材质、施工措施等方面总结了大体积混凝土温度裂缝控制的方法及防止措施；阐述了混凝土的基本物理力学性能，总结了大体积混凝土温度计算的方法——差分法和有限元法，并分别举例说明其具体应用的方法；分析了影响大体积混凝土底板温度应力的几种温度因素，利用ANSYS模拟计算，得出了每种因素的影响程度，通过分析提出了在这几种温度影响因素下如何通过控制温度以达到控制温度应力从而来控制裂缝的具体建议；针对大体积混凝土基础底板中配筋的不同对混凝土底板抗裂能力的影响不同，利用ANSYS进行模拟分析，得出底板中最合适的体积配筋率，同时分析了在相同体积配筋率下钢筋的具体布置对大体积混凝土基础底板抗裂能力的影响，分析表明，配置钢筋对混凝土结构的开裂阻止作用明显，在研究大体积混凝土温度裂缝题目时，要考虑钢筋在其中的有利作用。

The precision measurement of bevel cylindrical gear based on three dimension al shape;2. In this paper, based on the statistical data of the practical water irruptions, the three dimension al dispersion feature of water irruption is researched.

本文根据底板突水实例的统计资料，研究了突水灾害的空间分布规律；通过综合分析煤层底板内应力测试三维有限元电算及相似材料模拟结果探讨了底板突水灾害地下三维空间分布规律形成的原因，为深入研究底板突水的防治提供了参

The paper is based on the theory of inter-function between water and rock, and losing energy in rock mass, brought forward that the water flow has head loss during water flow intruding through the coal seam effective water-resisting layer and energy waste concept for splitting rock mass, and analyzed the form of the remaining water pressure. Through the simulation experiment in the preventing water capability of water-resisting rocks in the coal seam scaleboard, studied the law, character of the losing in water head waste and the relation to pressure, water-resisting of hydrogeology and engineering geology character. Brought forward the new method of calculating the water inrush coefficient.

通过理论分析和实验研究，本文得出以下结论：高承压水在沿煤层底板隔水层导升过程中存在着明显的压力水头损失；同一地层条件下，煤层底板承压水水头压力越大其导升过程中的水头压力损耗就越大；同一水头压力条件下，地层的渗透性越差其阻水能力越强，水流导升过程中的水头压力损耗也越大；在同一介质中，当初始水头压力不同时，水流在导升过程中水头压力的衰减不同，在同一隔水介质中底板含水层水头压力越大其沿隔水层导升过程中的水头损耗也就越大，水头损耗随底板隔水层水头压力增加而呈递增趋势，另外它们相应的水头衰减速率也呈递增趋势，煤层底板隔

Those rarely refer to the researches about water pressure function mechanism. In fact, the water flow intrudes upwards with a loss of the distance water and energy wastes for splitting rocks when confined groundwater intrudes upwards through coal seam water-resisting layer. The water flow under the coal seam scaleboard consumes more energy after it intrudes at a certain height.

实际上，煤层底板高承压含水层水沿隔水底板岩层向上导升过程中，存在一定的沿程水头损失和劈裂岩体裂隙的能量损耗，下伏含水层高压水在底板隔水层下部劈裂导升一定的高度后，在导升段的能量消耗很大，这时作用于有效隔水层段下部的实际水压已远远小于含水层中的观测水压，真正作用在有效隔水层上的水压为残余水压P_c，对底板有效隔水层起破坏作用的有效水压力亦应为残余水压。

The results show that although the effect of Poisson is one of the factors that led to the cracking of soleplate, but not a major factor. Among the causes of the longitudinal cracks in bottom plate, not only the radical force are considered by traditional theory, but also the warping effect of the box and the local trabecular are serious and can not be ignored.

分析结果表明：泊松效应尽管是导致底板开裂因素之一，但不是主要因素；而底板纵向裂缝的产生除了传统理论所认为的底板连续索所产生的径向力效应外，底板连续索导致的箱梁翘曲效应与局部小梁效应也是重要的、不可忽略的因素。

Bending fatigue test of small-specimen and ISO rolling test of full size of bamboo wood composite container floorings and apitong plywood floorings are carried through respectively, the test results show the fatigue-resistant properties of bamboo wood composite container floorings are better than those of apitong plywood floorings.

进行了竹木复合集装箱底板和阿必东胶合板底板的小试件的三点弯曲疲劳试验以及装箱后底板ISO小车滚压疲劳试验，结果显示出，竹木复合集装箱底板的抗疲劳性能更佳。

Test the properties of bamboo wood composite container floorings and apitong plywood floorings by ISO1496, square block test and bending test of small species respectively, and analyze the relativities among the three test methods. Test and analysis results demonstrate the deformation of container floorings during ISO1496 test take relative with MOE and MOR of the floorings, moreover take significant relativity with limit proportion strength of floorings.

采用ISO标准检测程序、模拟装箱试验的压块试验、小试件的三点弯曲试验等三种方法分别检测了竹木复合集装箱底板和阿必东胶合板底板的性能，分析了三种方法之间的相关性，认为集装箱底板的装箱试验结果除了与底板的静曲强度和弹性模量有关以外，还与底板的比例极限强度密切相关。

In order to analyze the influence and damage of the top and bottom of rock mass in floor water-resisting layers due to water pressure in water bearing layer and mining pressure, this paper applies the methods of similar material simulation test and mechanical analysis of floor water invasion in the near of faultage to further comprehend the mechanism of floor water invasion.

为了分析底板含水层水压及采动矿压对底板隔水层岩体上部与下部的影响与破坏，应用了相似材料模拟试验以及断层附近底板突水的力学分析方法，对底板突水机理有了进一步的认识；同时，由断层附近底板突水的力学分析方法所得到的理论计算结果，也可以作为判别类似条件下遇断层时承压水体上采煤是否安全的依据。

According to the structure of terrane and exploring water result of coal floor disclosed by hydrology drill hole,it is demonstrated that there exists strong relationship among abnormal apparent conductivity, crack in rock stratum and the extent of filled water in crack,an.

应用音频电透视技术，分析了杨村煤矿2702工作面底板30 m和50 m深度界面的探测成果，并与井下水文钻孔揭露的煤层底板岩层结构及探水结果对比研究，发现音频电透视探测的煤层底板综合视电导率高异常与岩层的裂隙性及其充水程度具有很强的关联性；岩层裂隙与含水层连通性良好部位明显显现视电导率高值异常，结果表明，音频电透视探测成果能够综合反映底板岩层的阻水条件。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。