底层

In particular, a period of rifting /relative sea-level fall occurred in the late Givetian-early Frasnian and resulted in the reactivation of basement lineaments as normal faults, basic volcanism and subaerial exposure in much of Novaya Zemlya.

尤为特别的是，中泥盆世晚期至晚泥盆世早期曾发生一个时期的断裂/相对海平面下降，从而造成了底层线型构造再生为新地岛大部的正断层、基性火山活动和地缘暴露带。

Therefore, my aim in this thesis is to elicit the meaning of being subaltern in both historical and contemporary contexts.

因此，本论文的目的即是在历史与当代的脉络之下，诠释「当」底层族群之意义。

The Weak Identity as a Weapon: Subaltern Politics of the Peasant Resistance for Rights.

"作为武器的弱者身份"：农民维权抗争的底层政治。

This kind of development lies in three aspects, namely, subaltern perspective, local experience and the interaction between text and field relating.

这种提倡表现在三个方面：底层视角、区域经验、文本与田野互动。

And, to follow up on Spivak, can the Vietnamese women subaltern speak?

并且，根据史匹娃克，越南底层女性能说话吗？

On the contrary, some of the subaltern s still have their so-called feudal marriage such as marriage by exchange and marriage by purchase, which seems to be "backward" and immoral.

与此相反，底层的部分人们却仍然进行着换亲、买卖婚姻之类的"封建"婚姻，他们似乎是"落后"的和不"道德"的。

Of course, subaltern groups have long existed before the departure of Socialism in China but only then were they allowed to carry such title.

当然，他们并不是在中国告别社会主义之后才出现，而是在这之后，才允许用"底层"来称呼他们。

Theories of civil society have been challenged by Partha Chattelilee, a famous Indian scholar on subaltern studies.

印度"底层研究"的著名学者帕萨查特杰对目前盛行的公民社会理论提出了质疑。

However, through the fieldwork, I found that the Thao were powerful and that they did not seem to suffer the extreme oppression typical of other subaltern groups.

其实相反地，他们将自己的「底层性」转换为有利条件，而在说「我们的人口比黑面琵鹭还少！」。

Presenting three levels of architecture for data metadata organization and management: basic metadata subbase, middle metadata subbase and high metadata subbase, which point to GIS data value, data item and data set.

提出数据元数据组织管理的三层体系结构：底层元数据子库、中层元数据子库和高层元数据子库，分别对应GIS数据值、数据项和数据集。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。