应答

In addition, the results demonstrate that the ratio of coherent topic-shift types to noncoherent topic-shift types would be lower in conversations of close social distance than in conversations of far social distance.

在前测中，我们还采用《汉语恭维语应用咨询表》分别调查学习者在使用汉、英两种语言表达恭维语及应答方面的情况。

Objective To study the humoral and cellular immune responsesinduced by four DNA vaccines of CVB3 structural and nonstructural proteins.

目的 制备4种柯萨奇B3病毒（CVB3）结构和非结构蛋白重组质粒DNA疫苗，并探讨其诱导机体产生体液和细胞免疫应答的效果。

Antibodies elicited by B cell epitopes opsonize virions for elimination by macrophage and induce efficient cellular immune responses.

机体识别B细胞表位激发的抗体在介导病毒粒子清除、诱导有效细胞免疫应答等方面发挥作用。

Chronicity maybe result from many factors with complex mechanism.HCV may evade the host immune surveillance due to the hypermutation of HCV gene; HCV has the nature of pantropic,the tissues outside liver can provide virus for repeatedly infection of liver; The HCV receptors,such as CD81,LDL receptor,scavenger receptor B type I,L-SIGN,DC-SIGN and so on,may influence organism humoral immunity and the cellular immunity function in different degrees; HCV infection also may cause the reduction of quantity of organism immune cell or functional defect,low response of humoral immune response,tolerance of cellular immunity,then,the host finally transforms into chronic infection condition.

其慢性化的机制非常复杂，是由多个因素造成的，HCV因其基因高变性可以逃避宿主的免疫监视；HCV具有泛嗜性，肝外组织又可为肝组织的反复感染提供病毒来源；CD81、LDL受体、清道夫受体B类Ⅰ型及L-SIGN、DC-SIGN等HCV受体又可不同程度地影响机体的体液免疫和细胞免疫功能；HCV感染亦可直接导致机体免疫细胞数量减少或功能缺陷，体液免疫应答水平低下、细胞免疫耐受，宿主最终转变为慢性感染状态。

In the control animals,the GAP-43-LI nerve fibers were found mainly distributed in association with vascular plexuses,with minor extension into the parenchyma of the inner zone of the periarterial lymphocyte sheath.In the immunized animals,in addition to denser vascular plexuses,more fibers appeared in the outer zones of periarterial lymphocyte sheath,the marginal zone,and the red pulp,all known to be the sites of active immune response.

于对照动物，脾GAP-43-LI神经纤维主要分布于血管周围，少量伸入动脉周围淋巴鞘的脾基质中，而在免疫刺激的动物，不仅血管周围的神经纤维明显增多，动脉周围淋巴鞘外层、边缘区和红髓等免疫应答活跃的部位也出现许多神经纤维。

Methods DCs were prepared from peripherad blood mononuclear induce d with gra-nulocyt e/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. Apoptosis of glioma cells were induced with γ-radiation. We design these experiment groups including (1) coculture of DCs and apoptotic glioma cells and T cells,(2) coculture of DCs and U937 cells and T cells,(3) coculture of DCs and cultured glioma cell and T cells,(4) coculture of Des and T cell.

用粒－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子加白介素－4(IL-4)从人外周血分化、诱导DCs、γ-射线在体外诱导培养的人脑胶质瘤细胞凋亡，将DCs、T淋巴细胞和凋亡胶质瘤细胞共培养，同时设计不同类型肿瘤细胞（U937及培养胶质瘤细胞）作对照，分离、富集DCs、T淋巴细胞进行免疫应答及肿瘤细胞杀伤试验。

Methods DCs were pre pared from peripherad blood mononuclear induce d with gra-nulocyt e／macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4.Apoptosis of he patochlangioma cells were induced with γ-radiation.We design these experiment groups including(1)coculture of DCs and apoptotic cancer cells and T cells,(2)co culture of DCs and necrosis cancer cells and T cells,(3)coculture of DCs and cul tured cancer cell and T cells,(4)cocultu re of DCs and T cell,(5)cocuture of DCs and cultured cancer cell.

用粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子加白介素-4(IL-4)从人外周血分化、诱导DCs、γ-射线在体外诱导培养的人胆管癌细胞凋亡，将DCs、T淋巴细胞和凋亡胆管癌细胞共培养，同时设计不同类型肿瘤细胞(坏死胆管癌细胞及培养胆管癌细胞)作对照，7d后，分离、富集DCs、T 淋巴细胞进行免疫应答及肿瘤细胞杀伤试验。

Objective: To investigate specific antitumor immune responses induced by autologous peripherial blood mononuclear cells from patient with gastric cancer pulsed with antigen GST-MAGE-3 in vitro.

目的：体外观察GST-MAGE-3蛋白刺激胃癌患者外周血单个核细胞，诱导特异性抗肿瘤免疫应答。

Peripherial blood mononuclear cells pulsed with GST-MAGE-3 were able to present antigen to T lymphocytes, activate antigen-specific CTLs and induce special antitumor immune responses in vitro.

经GST-MAGE-3蛋白抗原冲击的胃癌患者外周血单个核细胞能在体外有效提呈抗原，激活抗原特异性CTL，诱导特异性抗肿瘤免疫应答。

The rat ES had the immunocompetence of phagocytize, dispose and removal extraneous antigen.

内淋巴囊能够吞噬、处理和清除外源性TD抗原，充分证明了其免疫防御和免疫应答功能

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。