应答

Pioneering work by Cohen and coworkers about T cell vaccination in the experimental autoimmune disease, has showed that the establishment of immune response against T cell vaccine, such as anti-idiotype T cells or anti -idiotype antibody, by the way of the upregulation of immune networks, and subsequently functional depression of autoimmune to self-antigen were made by vaccining mice or rate with the attenuated autoreactive T cells .

从研究TCV在防治自身免疫性疾病中的作用机制表明，人为的TCV免疫，建立了拮抗T细胞的免疫应答，使免疫网络产生上调作用，抑制了原有的或即将出现的相关T细胞的功能，由此推测，是否能够把同种反应性T细胞作为TCV，来建立抗同种免疫反应的内环境，诱导抗原特异性的同种免疫耐受或免疫低反应性。

The experiments may contribute not only to investigating the mechanism of interaction between ldiotype and anti -idiotype T cells by which immune network are up-regulated, but also to analysing the suppressive effect of anti -idiotypic T cell or antibodies against the antigens on the activated T cells in the allo-responsiveness.

本课题选用小鼠耳后心肌移植模型，用同种抗原特异的活化T淋巴细胞免疫同系小鼠的方法，诱导免疫小鼠同种心肌移植物存活时间的延长，以此探讨免疫网络中独特型-抗独特型相互作用机理，着重分析在同种抗原诱导的免疫应答中，抗独特型T细胞和抗活化T淋巴细胞抗原抗体对同种免疫反应的抑制作用。

Such responses can be induced through the induction of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, promotion of antibody-targeted cross-presentation of tumour antigens, or by triggering of the idiotypic network.

通过诱导抗体依赖性细胞毒性效应、刺激抗体靶向的肿瘤抗原交叉提呈或触发独特型网络，均可诱导该类应答。

Methods for producing an immunogenic response without producing a transient febrile condition are also provided.

还提供了产生免疫原性应答而不产生暂时发热症状的方法。

ARR4 responded to cytokinins at early time of seed germination, especially on the 6 d when seedlings were around true leaf initiation, while cyto- kinins induced ARR5 activation after 6 d of seed cul- tivation in light conditions, an obvious increase was on the 20 d when seedlings were around inflorescent shoot initiation.

在双组分信号传导途径中，从受体到反应调节基因传导磷酸基团的传导基因AHP4在幼苗发育的后期种子萌发后的第20和30天，应答植物体内增加的植物细胞分裂素，并且在花枝形成初期比较明显。

Answer ingoing calling politely and make related record if necessary.

接听电话、妥当应答，如有必要，做好电话记录

Answer ingoing calling politely make related record if necessary.

接听电话、妥当应答，如有必要，做好电话记录

In intramembranous ossification, absence of cartilage, osteoblasts are likely producing, and responding to, VEGF.

膜内成骨中，在无软骨出现的情况下，成骨细胞产生、应答VEGF。

Day-old specific pathogen free chickens were inoculated intratracheally with lowly virulent E.coli and /or mildly pathogenic avian influenza virus.

SPF鸡经不同顺序、不同时间间隔人工感染MPAIV和E.coli173株(O4)后，对试验鸡的病死率和针对大肠杆菌不同抗原体液免疫应答水平等进行研究。

Leucocytic differentiation antigen 40 sign-al access participates in regulation of inflammatory reaction accommodation of major cell component (vascular endothelial cell、vascular smooth muscle cell and macrophage), it is playing critical role in AS process, participates ather-osclerotic occurrence and development ,reside in atherosclerotic plaque cell thro-ugh CD40-CD40L interaction, induce activate by itself , express and secrete profit to happen immune response、inflammatory reaction、hemagglutination t-hrombogenic proteo-cytokine.

白细胞分化抗原40 (CD40)信号通路参与了动脉粥样硬化斑块内主要细胞成分(血管内皮细胞、血管平滑肌细胞以及巨噬细胞)炎症反应的调节，其在AS进程中扮演着关键性的角色，参与了动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展；存在于AS斑块内的细胞通过CD40-CD40L相互作用，导致自身活化，表达和分泌了有利于免疫应答发生、炎症反应、血凝和血栓形成的蛋白质细胞因子，如激活在AS斑块中的关键性细胞成分如黏附分子、炎症因子、基质金属蛋白酶等的产生，导致斑块的不稳定和破裂，而最终导致粥样硬化斑块病变的恶化。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。