应用化学

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Lacunae changes of osteocytes in femoral heads were detected with hematoxylin-eosin staining method, and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins with immunohistochemistry staining methods, after 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 96 hours of ischemia respectively.

主要观察指标：应用苏木精-伊红染色，免疫组织化学来观测股骨头缺血后3，6，12，24，48，96h股骨头内骨细胞陷窝变化及Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达的变化情况。

Methods Specific endothelial cell markers with immunohistochemistry and microvessel density with morphometry in 28 casas of laryngopharyngeal malignant melanoma.

方法应用免疫组织化学染色法检测28例咽喉部恶性黑色素瘤中血管内皮细胞特异性标记物Ⅷ因子相关抗原（factor FⅧ-related antigen， FⅧ-RAg）和CD31的表达，并通过形态学计量法计数肿瘤内微血管密度。

The EnglishChinese Technical and Scientific Dictionary;the Chemical Industry Products Handbook;Dictionary of Chemistry;Biopolymer;Encyclopedia of Chemical Industry Equipment Design;Mechanical Design Handbook;Chinese Commercial Handbook of Petroleum and Chemical Industry;Guide to the Chinese Coating Industry;Yearbook of Chinese Plastics Industry (2004 );Development Report of Chinese New Materials(2004 );Powder Technology Handbook;Technical Manual of Modern Coal Industry;Applications of Synthetic Resin Latices;the Collected Safe Hygiene Regulation of Chinese Chemical Industry;Encyclopedia of Safety Technology for Dangerous Chemicals.

英汉技术科学词典》，《化工产品手册》《化学辞典》《生物高分子》，《化工设备设计全书》《机械设计手册》(第4版)，《中国石油和化工商务手册》《中国涂料工业指南》《中国塑料工业年鉴》(2004)》，《中国新材料发展报告》(2004)《粉体技术手册》《现代煤化工技术手册》《合成聚合物乳液的应用》，《中国化工安全卫生法规汇编》《危险化学品安全技术全书》。

By using the immunohistochemistry method of Strept Avidin-Biotin-Complex, four kinds of antisera raised against rabbit hormones: somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide, 5-hydroxytryptamine （ 5-HT ） and neuropeptide Y were used to indentify and locate the endocrine cells in the digestive tract of Sparus latus.

应用4种兔抗胃肠激素抗体和SABC免疫组织化学方法，对黄鳍鲷消化道中的内分泌细胞进行鉴别和定位。

The progress on chemical synthesis and biosynthesis of levulinic acid and 5-aminolevulinic acid(5-ALA) were discussed.

基于生物质资源的利用和开发，论述了乙酰丙酸的制取、5-氨基乙酰丙酸的化学合成与生物合成，阐述了其在医药、农业等方面的应用，讨论了发展趋势和亟待解决的问题。

The variations of iron species not only affect the lithological properties of sedimentary rocks, such as color, but also reflect the paleoenvironments of the sedimentary rocks.

岩石中的铁元素及其化学种是影响其岩性特征，包括颜色的一个重要因素，并进一步影响遥感技术应用的图像解译和谱段选择。

The application of ionic liquids aqueous solutions as solvents in the microwave-assisted extraction technique was developed for the extraction of lycorine, lycoramine and galanthamine from Lycoris. Effects of different ionic liquids and the concentration of selected ionic liquids on MAE were investigated, and tradition organic solvent and extraction techniques were compared.

1引言自1986年Ganzler等[1]首次报道采用微波辅助萃取天然产物中化学成分以来，微波辅助萃取技术在食品、环境和天然产物等领域得到了广泛的应用[2~5]，它以萃取时间短、溶剂用量少、选择性强、萃取效率高等优点在中药有效成分的萃取分离方面得到广泛关注[5，6]。

Methods: Thirty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: the operation group, the transplantation of MSCs group and the injection of saline group. Functional outcome measurements were performed based on the modified neurological severity score at day 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 after MACO. The survival, migration, expression of Nestin, glial fibriliary acidic protein and neuronspecific enolase of 5bromo2deoxyuridinelabeled MSCs were detected by immunohistochemical double staining.

线栓法建立左侧大鼠MCAO模型，随机分为3组：手术组、MSCs 移植组、生理盐水组。5溴2脱氧尿核苷标记的MSCs移植后，采用改良神经功能损伤评分系统评价大鼠神经功能恢复情况；应用免疫组织化学双染技术检测MSCs的存活、迁移及其巢蛋白、胶质纤维酸性蛋白和神经元特异性烯醇化酶的表达。

The excellent properties of the amorphous alloys in mechanical, chemical and magnetical aspects indicate that the amorphous 〓 alloy has a promising commercial future.

优异的力学、化学及物理性能表明深过冷快淬法所制备的大体积非晶态合金〓具有良好的应用前景。

Methods Both in malformed embryos induced by excess retinoid acid and normal KM mice, expressions of lectin receptors of WGA, RCA and ECL in the epithelium of palatal shelves and the mesenchyma were determined by affinity histochemistry using biotin-marked corresponding lectins.

以生物素标记的凝集素受体WGA、RCA和ECL为探针，应用亲和细胞组织化学染色方法检测上述3种凝集素受体在RA致畸鼠胚和相应对照组鼠胚腭板上皮及其间充质的分布状况和变化规律。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。