应急有效的

Based on the wide concerns about the Integrated Social Emergency Response Communications Systems,this paper mainly discusses the development strategies for digital trunking and emergency communications in China. The establishment of the state /province/city level integrated emergency response communications systems is very important. The plan and implementation of new generation Integrated Emergency Response Systems following the concepts of NGN and 3G evolution should be taken into consideration, The relationship between public networks and IERS should be correctively dealt with and actively coordinated. Besides, it is involved how to accelerate technology innovation, open correlative standards and interfaces, and promote effective interconnection and interoperation for operators and users to gain maximum benefits.

文章在论述目前广为关注的社会应急联动通信系统的基础上，探讨了中国数字集群及应急通信的相关发展策略，如有关国家/省/城市级应急联动通信的重要性，如何基于NGN及3G演进概念规划与建设新一代应急联动通信系统，如何正确处理与有机协调公众网络与专网应急联动通信之间的关系，如何加速技术创新，如何开放相关标准与接口、促进有效互联互通、维持多厂商环境下运营商及用户利益最大化等。

XieAn will develop enhanced emergency communication solutions for the public safety and disaster management agencies of China and combine Intrados emergency services、9-1-1 call routing and location provisioning experience with PDAgers enhanced emergency calling service platform to deliver effective emergency communication solutions for local China environment.

协安技术将为中国公将秽物倒进河水，还在河边冲洗，用刷子擦，坚硬的塑料须擦着金属面，磨出笨拙的窸窣声，如同猫鼠在青瓦屋顶追逐，或者安部门和灾难防范机构提供增强型紧急通讯解决方案，并将Intrado公司在应急联动服务、911呼叫出警调度、定位系统上的专业技术与协进科技增强型紧急救助服务的平台结合起来，因地制宜，为各种环境提供有效的紧急通信解决方案。

Acute occupational poisoning accident occurs suddenly, sometimes is unpreventable and causes severe sequels. Therefore, the key of success in emergency rescue against acute occupational poisoning accident is to regularly organize a team for emergency rescue, establish effective emergency rescue plan, and correctly make decision and take powerful measures.

急性中毒职业病危害事故发生突然、难以防护、影响范围大，因此，建立良好有序的应急组织、制定有效的应急救援预案、采取果断有力的应急行动是急性中毒事故应急救援成功的关键。

Along with vehement market competition, the technical request that relates to exploit banausic and advanced network resource management is put forward,How to increase the operational level of the telecommunication network everywhere, how to complete the communication guarantee responsibility given from the superior, how to keep the high level service quality, how to manage the equipments of the different manufactory in unification, moreover how to carry through the assistant decision-making that relates to feasibility and maneuverability of the preparative scheme of the emergency communication base on the network resource.

随着市场竞争的加剧，对开发实用、先进的网络资源管理技术提出了要求，如何提高各地电信网络的运营水平，完成上级赋予的通信保障职责，保持高水平的服务质量，统一管理不同制造商的设备，并在网络资源的基础上进行战备通信应急预案的可行性与可操作性的辅助决策；如何综合运用计算机科学、通信技术、地理信息系统的理论和方法对已投产运营的或将建设的网络相关信息进行有效管理，改善和提高调度、指挥效率，更加有效地管理和分配整个网络资源；如何使网络资源管理从单项的、人工的、独立的、局部的和数据的，走向综合的、智能的、统一的、整体的和可视化的，从而充分地发挥通信设备的作用，及时准确地为重要客户提供必要的通信保障；成为当前人们所关注并迫切希望得到解决的问题。

It is a useful emergency measure without reference.

在缺少资料的情况下，这是一种有效的应急措施。

Also, the method of how to admeasuring every index is put forward as well the equation of how to calculating the final evaluation, and evaluates the ability for urban earthquake disaster reduction of Jiangsu Province as an example.

地震发生后对灾区的支援和救助是减轻灾害损失和灾民痛苦的重要举措，但是掌握灾区的真实需求往往需要较长的时间，这在一定程度上延误了应急救灾的有效组织并加重了震害。

On the other hand, the emergency dealing mechanism leaves much to be desired:①the efficacy of emergency preparative system is poor;②t he mechanism for prediction and early-warning is imperfect;③t he communication mechanism is lacking;④t he psychological intervention is absent;⑤the treatment of emergency is not perfect;⑥t he supervision and evaluation is lacking.

另一方面，我军卫勤的应急反应机制仍很不完善：①应急准备机制有待完善；②监测、预警机制尚不健全；③缺乏畅通、便捷的信息保障机制；④缺乏有效的心理干预机制；⑤紧急处置机制仍不够完善；⑥科学、权威的评估机制急需建立。

For each strategy, a corresponding exploitation plan of groundwater was designed. Then each designed exploitation plan (except scheme 3) was put into the model for calculation and simulation. The analysis on the forecasting results every plan indicates that:(1) Shuting down the self-provided wells is the most direct and effective method, playing an important role in the land subsidence prevention.(2) The resumption of compressed soil by groundwater artificial recharge is limited. So the artificial recharge can\'t provide essential effect for the resumption of land subsidence, unless the artificial recharge is much more than the groundwater withdrawal.(3) The method of "adjusting the exploitation stratum of groundwater to the shallow" has an obvious effect on the land subsidence prevention.(4)"Sand wells" can increase the leakage recharge for confined aquifer, and thus can slow and prevent the development of the land subsidence.(5) For the groundwater exploitation in Xi\'an, emergency self-provided wells should be managed according to the well spacing of 1600m, 2000m and 1600m, respectively, in the river terrace area, alluvial-proluvial fan area and loess tableland area to exploit the first confined groundwater. Corresponding individual well yield can be set as 2500m~3/d, 1500 m~3/d and 200 m~3/d. Make emergency self-provided wells pump in the dry year and stop pumping groundwater to restore and conserve underground water sources in average years and wet years. In this way, groundwater withdrawal of 162000m~3/d can be obtained to provide for the supplement of water supply in Xi\'an. As a result, the water supply stress can be released in dry years. The groundwater depression formed in the exploiting year can resume in 3-4 years. At the same time, this exploitation manner will not lead to obvious land subsidence.

本文利用所建的模型预测了现状开采条件下未来20年的地下水位和地面沉降的变化，在此基础上，提出了防治西安市地面沉降的五个地下水开采方案，利用所建的地面沉降模型对各个设计方案其进行了模拟和预报，对预测结果的分析表明：①封停自备井是防治地面沉降最为直接和最有效的对策，对防治地面沉降起着最为积极的作用；②采用人工回灌方法使被压缩的土层得到的恢复是非常有限的，对地面沉降不能起到根治作用，只有回灌量明显大于开采量时才能有一定的效果；③&调整开采层次，在浅层取水&对防治地面沉降的效果十分明显；④布设&砂井&可以增加对承压含水层的越流补给量，从而可以有效地缓解和控制地面沉降的发生和发展；⑤对西安市的地下水开采，可在河流阶地区、冲洪积扇区和黄土塬区分别采用1600m、2000m、1600m的井间距布置应急自备井，分别采用2500m~3/d、1500 m~3/d和200 m~3/d的单井开采量，开采第一承压水，在平水年或者丰水年不开采，涵养地下水源，在枯水年启动这些应急自备井开采，在输出分析范围内共可获得162000 m~3/d(5913万m~3/a)开采量，可以有效地补充西安市的供水水源，缓解供水紧张局面，开采年开采导致的下降的水位可在停采3～4年后得到基本恢复，同时，这种开采方式不会造成大的地面沉降量。

The strategy objectives of the hotline: Within the overall framework of the national emergency rescue system, build up the technology consulting center of the national chemical incident emergency rescue with "rapid response, united network, standing preplans, professional guidance, accurate information, supporting cases, effective rescue".

专线的发展目标：在国家应急救援体系的总体框架内，建成&快速响应、网络联动、预案常备、专业指导、信息准确、案例辅证、救援有效&的国家级化学事故应急救援技术指导中心。

Therefore we are qualified for ship oil waste receiving, ship garbage reclamation, ship material supply etc.

专业的操作人员及齐备的专业接收油污水、清污设备工具，快速、有效的溢油应急反应能力。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。