应变

The constitutive equation of a visco-elastic model of paper is obtained by means of Laplace transform.

将Laplace变换应用于纸张粘弹性模型，推导出了表达应力应变关系的本构方程。

The relationship between fracture toughness and notch toughness, tensile ductilities in lath martensite steel has been investigated.

研究了超高强度板条马氏体钢的平面应变断裂韧性与缺口韧性、拉伸塑性之间的关系。

Some application examples on the determination of crystal orientation ,micro-texture,crystallographic orientation relationship,stress distribution,lattice parameters,phase identification and boundary nature study with EBSD have been given.

论述了电子背散射衍射的形成原理、花样包含的物理意义，并给出了EBSD在测定晶体取向、织构、取向关系、物相鉴定、应变分布、晶格常数及晶界性质研究等方面的应用实例。

Directed against stress properties of lining structure of loess highway tunnel, the paper selects three loess highway tunnels as relying engineering according to buried depth and soil properties, and takes field observation synthetically for the first time, which pays more attention to researches on the change regulations of pressure acting on first lining and invert, axial force of lattice girder, contact stress between first and second lining, concrete strain of second lining verse the time and distributions in different positions.

针对黄土公路隧道衬砌结构受力特性，根据埋深和土质情况，选取三座黄土公路隧道为依托工程，首次开展了大规模系统的现场测试，着重研究了一衬和仰拱围岩压力、格栅拱钢筋轴力、一衬和二衬接触应力以及二衬混凝土应变时间变化规律及分布特性。

By using the conformal mapping technique and the Laurent series expansion, a group of equations to predict effective bulk modulus and transverse shear modulus of multiphase fiber composites was obtained.

通过解析函数的保角变换与罗朗级数展开，获得了相应问题的解。根据复合材料平均应力与应变关系，获得了混杂纤维复合材料横向剪切模量和体积模量的预测公式。

The subroutine library of POWER-FEM was added to ANSYS as user element. So POWER-FEM can be fully utilized by ANSYS.

采用有限变形理论对ANSYS定义的应变、应力与物体真实应力之间的关系、位形、不平衡力的几何非线性计算等方面进行了分析。

In simple tension experiment, the stress-strain relationship submits Hook's law within the limit of proportionality .

摘要单向拉伸试验中，在比例极限内，应力应变关系服从胡克定律。

Systemic studies environment temperature how to influence construction control, finds out linear regularity and function formula of the arch rib, selects optimal closure time, then fully meets requirements of closure precision and linear. By testing a lot of data on temperature and strain and adopting least squares collocation, this dissertation deduces the strain calculate formula that is amended by joining temperature factor, then improves accuracy of stresses testing data.

系统地研究外界温度变化对施工监控的影响，找出了拱肋变化的线性规律和函数式，选择出最佳合龙时机，保证了拱肋的合龙精度和线形要求；测试了大量温度与应力对应关系的实验数据，采用最小二乘拟合推估法，推导出温度修正后的应变计算公式，从而提高了应力测试数据的准确性。

According to the stress-strain complete process curve, the total volumetric strains and crack induced 1 volumetric strains is adopted as damage parameters for analyzing the five phases during the crack growth (crack closure , linear elastic, stable crack growth, unstable crack growth and post failure).

通过压缩试验获得的脆性岩石的全应力应变曲线，利用体积变量和裂纹体积变量等损伤变量分析得出裂纹发展的五个阶段即：压密、弹性、微裂纹稳定扩展、裂纹非稳定扩展和峰后失稳等。

It can not interpret the fact why liquation crack s appear around the fusion line and are very short, but it may be satisfactorily explained by the high temperature strain distribution characteristic figure brought up by author.

传统观点尚不能解释液化裂纹出现于熔合线处和裂纹很短的现象，用作者给出的高温应变分布图可很好解释。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。