应变

K. H. Roscoe and his fellows of Cambridge University established the first elastoplastic model of soils which is based on classical plastic theory in 1963. However, due to the complexity of soils, the models that based on the classical metal constitutive theory or its modification accounting on the nature of soils have still much limitation when used to express the soil mechanical behavior. For example, the Duncan-Chang's model based on the generalized Hooke's law can not express the dilatancy of the soils. The uniqueness assumption of the direction of the incremental plastic strain in the classical plastic constitutive theory is not in agreement with some soil experiments.

但由于土的复杂性，目前以传统的本构理论为基础考虑土的一些特性而建立的模型在反映土体的力学特性上还存在很大的局限性，如建立于广义虎克定律基础上的Duncan—Chang模型不能反映土的剪胀性，传统的塑性本构理论中认为塑性应变增量方向具有唯一性的假设与一些土体的试验结果不符合。

This model, which has a linear relationship between stresses and strains, is represented by Hooke's Law.

这一个模型中，应力和应变呈线性关系。

In general, the directions of principal compression strain rate are congruent with horizontal projection of principal compress axis derived from medium and large earthquakes.

主压应变率方向与中等以上地震的主压应力轴在水平方向的投影方向基本一致。

According to the results of experiments, the mechanism was deducted: the pre-gelatinization starch molecular limited the spread of the other starch molecular and decreased the amount of hydrogenous bond, which lowed the strength of rice noodle. However, the curly starch molecular was propitious to improve the maximum strain.

根据实验结果，推断其机理为：预糊化的淀粉分子限制了其它淀粉分子在糊化过程中的伸展，减小了老化时淀粉形成氢键的数量，从而降低了切粉的强度；卷曲的淀粉分子有助于提高切粉的最大应变。

The calculating formulae of restrained shrinkage of self-compacting concrete are put forward by hyperbola function in this paper.

采用双曲线函数拟合了最大收缩应变随时间变化的计算式，可为实际工程提供参考。

The free shrinkage strain of steel fiber reinforced concrete has a mode of hyperbola function.

根据试验数据，建立了考虑钢纤维掺量影响的钢纤维混凝土收缩应变的统一计算模式。

The function between stable flow stress and strain rate, temperature can be expressed more suitably by the Arrhenius relationship modified by hyperbolic sine function, which means that the hot compression deformation is controlled by thermal-activation.

双曲正弦函数形式修正的Arrhenius关系可以更好地描述稳态流变应力和应变速率、变形温度的关系，表明该材料的热压缩变形是受热激活控制的。

The results show that relationship between flow stress and strain rate is applied to hyperbolic sine equation in the hot compressive deformation of 6061 aluminum alloy; at the same time, relationship between logarithmic hyperbolic sine of its flow stre...

研究表明，6061铝合金热压缩塑性变形时的流变应力和应变速率之间的关系满足双曲正弦函数关系式；其热压缩塑性变形时流变应力的双曲正弦对数项与绝对温度倒数之间满足线性关系，其高温压缩变形受热激活能的控制。

The interrelations of flow stress and strain rate can be described by a hyperbolic sine function for 7075z aluminum alloy during the process of high temperature deformation.

其高温塑性变形过程中的流变应力与应变速率之间可用双曲正弦函数来描述。

A method was developed to determine the activation energy and material parameters in the hyperbolic sine constitutive equation.The activation energies determined are 570 kJ／mol and 548 kJ／mol for steel T122 in saturation stress and peak stress,respectively.The values of critical strain for dynamic recrystalli...

采用应变硬化速率—应力曲线图较精确地获得了饱和流变应力和峰值应力；用回归法确定了双曲线本构方程中的变形激活能及材料常数，确定了T122钢在饱和应力和峰值应力条件下的变形激活能分别为570和548 kJ／mol；采用力学方法直接从流变曲线确定了T122钢发生动态再结晶的临界应变量，并回归出临界应变量与Zener—Hollomon参数的关系式。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。