应变

The cylindrical measuring component of the traditional viscometer was replaced by a crisscross one.

研究材料的流变特性，就是研究材料在某一瞬间外界作用下应力和应变的定量关系。

The structures and orientation texture evolution of UFG-Copper during AARB were studied and the results were as follows:(1)Whenεis lower or equal to 1.6,the slips happen on grain boundaries and crystal planes owing to the shearing force.There occur many sub-grains possessing small angle boundaries and 5μm grains sizes within the big grains.

研究了大变形异步叠轧制备超细晶铜材过程的组织和取向织构变化情况，结果表明：(1)变形等效应变ε≤1.6时，剪切应力的作用使晶粒与晶粒之间发生滑动，部分晶粒内部晶面发生滑移，大晶粒内部转变为许多具有小角度晶界、大小为5个微米的亚晶。

The stress-strain curve of new-old concrete and HPRRC, are suggested to be modeled by two sections: the ascending section of the stress-strain curve is simulated by cubic parabola equation and the descending section is simulated by rational fraction, where the theoretical value is in good agreement with the test value.

新—老砼及HPRRC应力—应变全曲线建议采用两段式拟合：上升段采用三次抛物线方程模拟，下降段采用有理分式模拟，理论值与试验结果吻合较好。

Taking plane culvert for example, the strain and stress on critical positions of the model were measured.

以盖板涵为例，测出模型关键部位的应变、应力结果。

So, why are we when leisure " curtilage " in the home, enter the fictitious world of network game, where is the challenge that begins a decision-making to him meet an emergency ability?

所以，我们何不在闲暇时"宅"在家中，进入网络游戏的虚拟世界，开始一场对自己应变决策能力的挑战呢？

In this paper, a "rigid bar relative movement model" was established to illustrate the traces of the helices in wire ropes. The angular speed of a moving particle of the model was relatives to curvature tensor to derive the curvature components and torsion of helices in multi-layer wire ropes. According to long and thin rod theory of Love and Yen-Chen's theoretical model considered the contact force and frictional force, the force-deformation or force-strain relative of wire in curved wire ropes subjected axial force is derived from the curvature components and curvature increment.

本研究改以刚杆相对运动模型，直接描述钢索中钢绞线轨迹，并且透过角速度类比曲率张量之概念，推导圆弧型多层钢索内部之钢铰线之曲率分量与扭率；之后再依据Love的细长杆理论，辅以Yen-Chen在考虑接触力及摩擦力下所修正之理论模型，以曲率及曲率增量来探讨圆弧型钢索受静态荷重作用下，钢绞线之受力与变形或应变关系。

Research results show that: 1 The FLSD is basically path independent whether is for steel or for aluminium; 2 Shape of the forming limit curve in stress space is sensitive to the type of material model used in transformation form FLD to FLSD; 3 the anisotropy of sheet metal has considerable influence on the FLSD; 4 The application of the FLSD in sheet metal processes optimization was considered to be effective and more precise.

钢板和铝板应该分别采用不同的材料模型进行转换。3）板料各向异性性能对板料成形极限有影响，在使用FLSD时应该考虑板料的各向异性情况；4）FLSD在应用于多道次成形零件的有限元分析时，由于其具有的与加载路径无关的特点，因此比通常用的FLD更加准确可靠。本课题的研究为以后在板料成形仿真中，使用应力成形极限曲线代替应变成形极限曲线，提供了理论和试验依据。

Geometrically nonlinear strain-displacement relations, the total potential functions and equilibrium equations of the tires are derived with respect to the orthogonal curvilinear coordinates for details.

以轮胎的内轮廓曲面为参考面，用正交曲线坐标描述轮胎的几何变形，详细推导了正交曲线坐标系下轮胎的几何非线性的应变—位移公式和平衡微分方程。

In this paper, the test means of cyclic loading between the set constant of strain is used.

本文改用在设定的应变界限之间重复受力的试验方法。

In the research of high cycle fatigue of concrete, the test means of cyclic loading between the set constant or various upper limit and low limit of force or stress has been extensively used. But this kind of test means can't be used to study the behavior of concrete low cycle fatigue under large strain.

同时高周疲劳问题研究中使用的在设定的力或应力的上下界限之间重复受力的试验方法已无法用于混凝土高应变低周疲劳性能的试验研究。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。