应变

Crystal size and microstrain caused by mechanical alloying on Fe_(70)B_(30) powder were studiedby X-ray diffractometry and transrnission electronmicroscopy.

在机械合金化过程中球磨所造成的微观应变不大，球磨初期粉末的内应力随球磨时间增加而增加，当粉末粒子尺寸很小时，随球磨的进行粉末中的微观应变显著下降。

Resistance strained sensor base on its randomness and applicability in constructional design,it applies well in detecting spot in ice barrier of oil pipeline,but common strained sensor cannot be directly used in locale detection unless it was reconstructed.

电阻应变式传感器基于它的结构设计的随意性和适用性，在输油管线冰堵位置检测中取得了良好的应用，但是普通的应变式传感器不经改造是无法在现场测量中直接应用的。

According to the test, the distribution of steel tube strain in course of shear bond failure is analyzed in detail.The finite element analysis model of the shear bond at the interface of CFST was also built up. Steel tubes, concrete and the interface between steel and concrete were modeled by Shell, 3D Entity and Contact element, respectively.

此外，本文还对其中2根圆钢管混凝土试件和2根方钢管混凝土试件的钢管外表面进行了应变追踪测试，研究了钢管混凝土在抗剪粘结破坏过程中钢管外表面应变分布规律。

The experiments of cold pressing of cottonseed and castor bean were carried out to study the stress-strain relationship and the stress-compression ratio relationship.

探讨棉籽和蓖麻籽植物油料的冷榨应力-应变关系、应力-压缩比关系以及加载速率对应力-应变关系和应力-压缩比关系的影响，探讨临界压榨压力选取问题。

Measured the basic physical parameters of unsaturated soils in Three Gorges Reservoir area; 2 measured the initial sample matric suction using the unsaturated triaxial testing system, which can be used to evaluate the unsaturated soil strength and stress; 3 the drying and moisture absorption experiments were executed using the Tempe apparatus, and got the Soil-Water Characteristic Curve, permeability coefficients of every stress level were simulated according to the parameters from the SWCC; 4 the unsaturated soil strength tests were carried out using the GDS triaxial testing system, then got the Mohr circle and shear strength parameters; the results from different stress paths were compared; meanwhile, the axial strain-stress ratio-volume strain curve of different matric suction and different radial pressure was got, as well as their relationship; The research, which provided the necessary data and reference for Three Gorges Reservoir area geologic disaster, is the basic component of Three Gorges Reservoir geologic disaster prevention and research, and experimental results will be used directly in the project.

1量测了三峡库区非饱和土的基本物性参数； 2用非饱和土三轴试验仪量测了试样的初始基质吸力，为评估非饱和土的强度和应力水平提供参考； 3用Tempe仪和体积压力板仪进行了非饱和土的干燥和吸湿试验，得到了土-水特征曲线，并根据其参数拟合出各级吸力状态下对应的渗透系数； 4用GDS三轴仪进行了强度试验，得到了Mohr圆和抗剪强度参数；并比较分析了不同应力路径下试验结果；同时得到不同吸力和不同围压下轴向应变-应力比-体应变的关系曲线和其相互关系。该研究是三峡库区地质灾害防治研究工作的基础性工作，其结果将直接应用到工程实际中，为三峡库区地质灾害提供必要的数据和参考。

Elastomer is a class of polymers whose deformation displayed by strain-stress curve is totally elastic, i.e., large recoverable strains produced at low stress levels.

弹性体是聚合物的一个种类，它的应力－应变曲线表明其变形是完全弹性的，即很低的应力变化就会产生很大的可回复应变。

Since the coefficient was added to equivalent strain energy density rule on the basis of the plastic deformation item of Neuber rule, the local stress and strain estimation results should be more accurate.

由于当量应变能密度（Equivalent strain energy density， ESED）准则在Neuber准则的塑性变形项上增加了系数，局部应力应变估计结果更为准确。

It mainly contains the following things. At first, I bring for the way of anchoring two cementing slabs next to by using dog irons made of iron bars and then cover the surface of the road using bituminous concrete. After analyzing the feasibility of this method by using the famous and popular use soft ware ASYS, the results show the magnitude of the temperature stresses on the limited mat coat of the road has nothing to do with the length of the concrete slabs after covering it with bituminous concrete. Meanwhile, the relative horizontal shifting, the flexural-tensile strain, and the vertical shearing stress of the slabs next to it becomes the least after anchoring them with dog irons made of iron. Therefore it proves that it really works to use this method to prevent and slow down the speed of the reflection cracks in the bituminous concrete skin coat over the old road.

首先，提出采用钢筋马钉锚固相邻水泥混凝土板后再进行沥青混凝土罩面的新方法；采用国际著名的通用有限元软件ANSYS对其可行性进行了分析，结果表明在有限尺寸的板上进行沥青混凝土罩面后，罩面结构的温度应力的大小与板的长度几乎没有关系，同时采用钢筋马钉锚固相邻旧水泥混凝土板后，可以明显地减小相邻板的相对水平位移、接缝处罩面层底部的弯拉应变和垂直剪应变，从而表明该法对防止或减缓旧水泥混凝土路面上沥青混凝土罩面层的反射裂缝是确实可行的。

The rigorous solutions are derived for the consolidation problems of soils with drain wells through soft clay layer by use of the Merchant model under both free strain and equal strain conditions and in consideration of the effects of both well resistance and smear action.

本文基于Merchant模型分别推导了自由应变条件和等应变条件下打穿软粘土层的竖向排水井地基粘弹性固结问题解析解，同时考虑了井阻和涂抹作用的影响。

In this modified model, the effect of the stress concentration on the end stress in the fiber end region is considered, the average matrix strain is used to substitute for the so-called far field strain in the previous shear lag model. The change of the deformation states from elasticity to plasticity is considered and the interfacial shear stress and fiber axial stress are derived.

修正的模型合理考虑了纤维根区域应力集中对根应力的影响；用基体平均应变代替了经典剪切滞后模型中的远场应变；考虑了基体变形状态从弹性到塑性的变化，给出了塑性区上的表面剪切应力和纤维轴向应力的表达式。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。