应变

In addition, finite element modeling and direct measurement of strains within proximal medial cement mantles hae demonstrated only slight increases in cement strain with the use of stems with enhanced offset.

另外，有限元模型分析及对近端内侧骨水泥套内侧应变的直接测量表明使用加长偏距的股骨柄对骨水泥的应变仅有轻微增加。

Results: Before the fixed bridge was applied, under vertical load, the high-stress region was near around the apical of periodontal ligament with mainly compressive stresses. Under oblique load, the high-stress region was near around the cervical of periodontal ligament with both tensile and compressive stresses. After the fixed prosthodontics, stress and strain distributions were similar with that when the fixed bridge was not applied. But the maximum stress, strain and displacement increased apparently. The stresses in exterior surface of periodontal ligament were larger than that of interior surface; this character of periodontal ligament under vertical load was more obvious than that under oblique load.

结果：固定桥修复前，垂直载荷下，基牙牙周膜的应力以压应力为主，应力集中在根尖；斜向载荷下，基牙牙周膜的应力主要是拉应力和压应力，应力集中在唇、舌颈缘；固定桥修复后，基牙牙周膜的应力和应变分布规律与修复前相似，但最大应力、应变值都明显增大；牙周膜内表面的应力大于牙周膜外表面；垂直载荷时，牙周膜内、外表面的应力差异更为显著。

After combining mathematical statistics method with the nonlinear hyper-elastic constitution model for SFRC, the complete stress-strain curve of SFRC may be prognosticated by using a part of the data of stress- strain.

通过将数理统计方法与SFRC非线性超弹性本构模型结合，只要知道了材料破坏的局部应力-应变信息，就可以预测SFRC的应力-应变全过程曲线。

The Evolutional manners and dimensional rules of γmatrix and γ'precipitates in the [001], [110] and [111] oriented specimens of nickel-base single crystal superalloy CMSX-4 during the tensile creep at 1253 K and 350 MPa were studied.The effects of the change in characteristic dimensions of γand γ' phases on the strain and strain rate were compared for the differently oriented single crystal specimens.It was found that the effect of change in mean width of γchannels along the direction of directional coarsening of γ' precipitates(the lamella spacings between adjacent rafted γ'precipitates)on the strain and strain rate is remarkable.

研究了1253K，350MPa拉伸蠕变过程中[001]，[110]和[111]取向镍基单晶高温合金CMSX－4基体相γ和析出相γ'的演变方式及相尺寸的变化规律比较了不同取向单晶试样中γ和γ'特征尺寸的变化对蠕变应变量和应变速率的影响结果表明，沿γ'定向粗化方向上γ基体通道宽度的变化速率对蠕变应变量和应变速率的影响较为明显。

Due to the rapid recovery caused by intense diffusion in small-sized grains, the quasicrystal lattice reorders rapidly from disordering, which inhibits the disordering-softening effect.

准晶晶格在形变过程中的无序化由于原子的剧烈扩散而被迅速回复到有序态，无序引起的软化效应被抵消，在高温下的应力一应变曲线也只显示常规的应变硬化。

The results of this study indicate that: 1 the post–surcharge secant secondary compression index decrease with the increase in surcharge ratio; 2 the amended post-surcharge secant secondary compression index also decrease with the increase in surcharge ratio; 3 time at which secondary compression reappears increases with the increase in surcharge ratio; 4 the post-surcharge secondary compression strain rate under the same final load with surcharging and without surcharging have a linear logarithm to logarithm relationship.

根据研究的结果显示：1超载比愈大，后超载割线二次压缩指数所受到的折减愈大，表示对软弱粘土的二次压缩沉陷量改良效果愈好；2修正之后超载割线二次压缩指数亦随超载比的增加而折减；3二次压缩再现时间与超载比的关系显示，增加超载比会延迟二次压缩再现的时间并可将分析结果以一均值曲线表示； 4对后超载应变速率分析发现在相同最终载重，未受超载作用与受超载作用的二次压缩应变速率呈现一双对数的线性关系。

Finally, the finite element analysis for the IT shaft of the driving system is fulfilled by using ANSYS 8.0 and the stresses and deformations curves of the Π shaft are obtained. The paper else gives a study on few underprops and a reasonable project about few underprops is obtained.

最后利用有限元分析软件ANSYS 8.0完成传动箱Ⅱ轴零部件静态有限元应力和应变分析，得到Ⅱ轴零件在受载情况下的应力应变图，并对各种支撑情况进行了研究，提出合理的径向轴承布置方案。

A new model is presented for the physically-consistent description of plastic instabilities referred to PLC effect. The model takes account of two competing processes during the DSA on micro-scale: the additional pinning of diffusing solute atom on mobile dislocations and the unpinning of the mobile dislocation with the aid of thermal activation.

建立了一个基于动态应变时效过程中热激活机制和二阶应变梯度空间耦合方式的宏观唯象模型，该模型刻画了材料内部在微细观尺度上彼此协同和相互竞争的两个过程：溶质原子对可动位错的时效钉扎和可动位错在热激活辅助下的挣脱。

Based on the axle load spectrum, temperature distribution and strain regression models, the pavement strain distribution in a year was calculated.

根据轴载谱、温度分布及应变回归模型，对不同路面结构全年的最大应变分布进行了分析。

This invention relates to an apparatus for testing permeability coefficient of low-permeability rock medium, which comprises a sensor, a temperature control box and a flowmeter both connected to the triaxial chamber with a gas injection port and a gas outlet on ends, a rigid press axle pressure and rigid press confining pressure system. Wherein, arranging an axial/lateral pad in the said chamber, and setting a horizontal strain gage chain and clamp.

本发明公开了一种低渗透岩石介质渗透系数测试仪，它由传感器、温控箱、刚性压力机轴压、刚性压力机围压系统构成，流量计与三轴室相连，温控箱与三轴室相连，在三轴室内装有轴向垫片和侧向垫片，在三轴室筒壁上装有横向应变计链子，在三轴室一端有注气口，另一端装有排气口，在三轴室上装有横向应变计夹子。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。