应变

A mean strain or prestrain, as in Fig.

一个如图83所示的平均应变或预应变，在某种情况下，能够缩短以后的疲劳寿命。

The amplitude of prestrain and reversal strain both showed remarkable influence on BE and the elastic-plastic strain i...

弯曲加载方式引起试样横截面上弹、塑性应变分布的不均匀性，在反向应变时产生的宏观残余应力对BE也有不可忽视的影响。

At last,the effect of the prestrained geotextiles on the stability of the embankment was analyzed through calculation,thus the importance was shown of the prestrain in construction.

还通过计算，分析了机织土工布的预应变对路基稳定性的影响，从而说明施工加筋砂垫层时，对加筋材料施加预应变的重要性。

The recovery stress rate of the TiNi alloy increases with increasing prestrain level, but that of the TiNiCu alloy decreases with increasing prestrain level.

对于TiNi合金，回复力随温度增长的速率随着预应变的增加而增加，而TiNiCu合金的回复力随温度增长的速率随着预应变的增加而减小。

The conclusions are summarized as follows. Effects of prestrain on the reverse martensitic transformation of TiNi fibers have been studied.

逆相变热焓随着预应变的增大而升高，当预应变为7%左右时达到最大值，然后随着预应变的进一步增大而降低。

Phase transformation and incomplete phase transformation behaviors of TiNi shape memory alloy within small prestrain level (＜10％) were studied by DSC and recovery strain measurements.

采用DSC方法和回复应变的测量，对小预应变（＜10％）TiNi形状记忆合金的相变及不完全相变行为进行了研究。

The results show that the reverse martensitic transformation start temperature increases with the increase of prestrain, which may be due to the elastic energy released by prestrain, and the energy dissipated increased by plastic deformation and the constrain effects of grains.

结果表明，逆相变开始温度随预应变增加而增大，其原因是预应变造成马氏体再取向使弹性能降低，引起的塑性变形和晶粒间的约束提高了耗散能。

A model describing the relationship between recovery stress and temperature is developed based on the modified Clausius-Clapeyron equation. A composite model based on the Tanaka model is used to calculate the thermal expansion strain of composite, and the relationship between the martensitic fraction and temperature. Results show that this relationship is nonlinear, affected by prestrain and the heating-cooling history.

利用Tanaka模型以及在Tanaka模型基础上所建立的复合材料的模型，分析了TiNi合金丝/Al基复合材料的热收缩应变，以及复合材料中TiNi合金丝发生逆相变过程中马氏体分数与温度的关系，结果表明马氏体分数与温度之间的关系并非近似线性，而是随着预应变的不同、加热冷却过程的不同而变化的，在具体的使用时应根据不同的情况具体分析。

In order to fully refect the geo-tech basic mechanics behaviors and to rationally explain the strain localization, this paper establishes the theory framework of gradient-dependent plastic model based on the theory framework of gradient-dependent plastic mechanics and in considering the plastic strain's gradient-dependence in double yield function, offers a kind of possible concrete pattern of the generalized plas...

为了较全面地反映岩土的基本力学性质，同时合理解释应变局部化现象，本文基于广义塑性力学的理论框架，在双重屈服函数中考虑了塑性应变的梯度依赖，建立了广义塑性梯度模型的理论框架，并给出了广义塑性梯度模型的一种可能的具体形式，分析了该模型的各个模型参数，尤其是其中的&局部化参数&的物理意义和可能对其产生影响的因素。

In terms of linear strain assumption and the ten- sile strain development of CFRP at the tension side of bending section, the efficiency for CFRP used to strength- en the moment capacity of bending section is studied.

在应变平截面假定的基础上，本文借助分析承载能力极限状态下受拉区碳纤维片材拉应变的发展规律，研究了碳纤维片材用于受弯构件正截面加固的有效性。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。