应力

To evaluate fracture instability, the total sum of stresses due to residual welding or rolling stresses, dead load, and live loads must be considered.

计算断裂失稳性时，必须考虑焊接或轧制残余应力，恒载应力和活载应力之总和。

By a series of pulsating cyclic tests of 16MnR steel under stress control at elevated temperature ,transformation laws of the damage variable were measured at different maximum stresses at.

通过16MnR钢在中温应力控制条件下的脉动循环试验，测出在相同温度、不同最大应力以及相同最大应力、不同温度下的损伤变量变化规律。

According to the three-dimensional finite element analysis, the graph of axis force on steel, the graph of Z displacement on steel and the graph of whole transmogrification on girder are drawn.

通过模型分析计算得出的结果，得到钢筋轴力的分布图，相应的钢筋Z向位移曲线和梁的整体变形图，钢筋应力及混凝土平均应力曲线图，最后根据分析结果推导出钢筋应力与荷载的关系公式。

The corrosion fatigue crack growth and near-threshold characteristcsof high tensile steel HT60 were investigated by using the compact specimens underexposure to synthetic sea water. The da/dN vs △K_ relation in air may be conser-vetivel estimated for that in sea water. In the high △K region with high stressratio, owing to the acceleration of crack growth promoted by stress-induced dissol-ution, the crack opening stress intensity factor K_ represents only the result ofcrack surface in contact with corrosion products, so as to give an overestimation ofK_ at crack tip.

对高拉力钢HT60的腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展特性和门槛值区域特性，采用紧凑拉伸试件在人工海水中进行了实验和研究，结果表明：在空气中的da/dN与ΔK_关系可以作为在海水中的da/dN与ΔK关系的一个偏保守的预测；在高应力比的高ΔK区域，由于应力诱起溶解促进了裂纹扩展的加速；该裂纹开口应力强度因子K_仅反映了裂纹表面同腐蚀生成物接触的结果，从而导致了K_在裂纹尖端的偏大的估计结果。

On the basis of the mechanical principle of the stress function and its derivative on the boundry of elastomer and the method of Heaviside function, the stress calculation of the function of nonlinear distributed force on the undersurface of nonsymmetric wedge block has been obtained.

用应力函数及其导数在弹性体边界上的力学意义和海维赛函数的方法，对非对称楔形体在楔面下部承受非线性分布压力作用的问题进行了应力计算，给出了应力一般解并进行了讨论，其结果具有理论和实际意义。

The load fatigue stress coefficient used in the load stress calculation for the porous concrete as undersurface of the cement concrete pavement were derived.

根据疲劳方程提出了以多孔混凝土作为水泥混凝土路面下面层应力计算的荷载疲劳应力系数，沥青路面基层层底拉应力验算的抗拉强度结构系数，建立了进行路面结构设计的轴载换算模型。

Indoor flexural fatigue tests are carried out, the results are analyzed and two types of double logarithm fatigue equation under different stress level andequivalent stress level are got. Using the fatigue equation, the fatigue performance of porous concrete and common semi-rigid base materials and cement concrete are compared, the fatigue stress coefficient which is used in the load stress calculation for porous concrete as undersurface of cement concrete pavement and the tensile strength structure coefficient which is used in the flexural stress check for porous concrete as base of asphalt pavement are obtained.

进行室内小梁弯拉疲劳试验，对疲劳试验数据进行分析，得出多孔混凝土不同失效概率下两种形式的双对数疲劳方程，利用疲劳方程，将其疲劳性能与常用半刚性基层材料和水泥混凝土进行比较，还得出了多孔混凝土作为水泥混凝土路面下面层荷载应力计算的疲劳应力系数，和作为沥青路面基层层底弯拉应力验算的抗拉强度结构系数。

Using the fatigue equation, the fatigue performance of porous concrete and common semi-rigid base materials and cement concrete are compared, the fatigue stress coefficient which is used in the load stress calculation for porous concrete as undersurface of cement concrete pavement and the tensile strength structure coefficient which is used in the flexural stress check for porous concrete as base of asphalt pavement are obtained.

进行室内小梁弯拉疲劳试验，对疲劳试验数据进行分析，得出多孔混凝土不同失效概率下两种形式的双对数疲劳方程，利用疲劳方程，将其疲劳性能与常用半刚性基层材料和水泥混凝土进行比较，还得出了多孔混凝土作为水泥混凝土路面下面层荷载应力计算的疲劳应力系数，和作为沥青路面基层层底弯拉应力验算的抗拉强度结构系数。

Fiber Stress—Stress through a point in a part in which Stress distribution is not uniform.

纤维应力—通过应力分布不均匀的零件上的一点的应力。

By modification of the mixed Gurtin variational principle in Laplace space, a variational formulation is developed with respect to interior displacements and the transverse shear components of stresses in elements.

通过修正Gurtin型混合变分原理，给出了一个以单元内部位移和单元应力中横向剪切应力分量为参变量的部分应力杂交变分格式。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。