序列性

After analyzing glutinous rice waxy gene sequence reported by previous studies, two pairs of dominant and codominant STS molecular markers based PCR were designed for distinguishing glutinous rice, according to the distinctions between glutinous rice wx gene and nonglutinous rice Wx gene. Moreover, the whole sequences of the two Wx genes of nonglutinous rice reported by others were also aligned, and another two pairs of dominant STS molecular markers were designed to discriminate Wxa from Wxb based on the special site between the two genotypes. Then, corresponding rice genotypes were identified by the established new markers.

通过对前人公布的糯性水稻蜡质基因全序列测定结果的分析，根据糯性水稻与非糯性水稻蜡质基因序列位点的差异，设计了两个基于PCR扩增反应的可特异识别糯性水稻的显性和共显性STS分子标记；同时在前人公布的非糯性水稻蜡质基因的不同类型的全序列比对分析的基础上，选取了两种基因型特定的差异位点，设计了两个基于PCR扩增反应用于特异识别这两种Wx基因的显性STS分子标记，并用新建立的标记对相应的水稻基因型进行了检测。

The bioinformatics analysis showed that the gene had the highest homology with the gene of Penicillium janthinellum, which reached up to 76%. The first 26 amino acids might be a signal peptide sequence with the hydrophobicity of up to 2.63. The CBHⅠ gene consisted of the catalytic domain, convergence zone and cellulose-binding domain and its tertiary structure was mainly composed of 3-sheets.

分别扩增到鹅源草酸青霉F67纤维素酶CBHⅠ基因片段A(EU574736)、5'端序列B1(EU603295)、3'端序列B2(EU652768)及全长基因C(EU727171)，并成功构建真核表达载体pPIC9K-CBHⅠ；生物信息学分析表明，该基因蛋白序列与微紫青霉氨基酸序列同源性最高，达76%，前26个氨基酸为信号肽序列，疏水性可达2.63，由催化功能域、衔接区和真菌性纤维素结合域构成，其三级结构主要为β-sheet。

Result showed that dorking CSF gene was 435 bp in size with an ORF encoding 141 amino acids residues, the nucleotide homology between dorking CSF and CSF gene of Gallus, human, canis, Bos taurus, Sus scrofa, sheep, mice was respectively 98.4%%, 28.7%, 29.2%, 33.6%, 30.8%, 29.4% and 34.7%, Amino acids homology was respectively 95.2%, 8.3%, 9.0%, 15.3%, 12.4%, 11.0% and 12.0%.

序列分析表明，CSF的cDNA开放阅读框为435 bp，编码144个氨基酸，与红原锦鸡的序列比较，其核苷酸的同源性为98.4%，氨基酸的同源性为95.2%，同人、犬、印度野牛、野猪、绵羊和老鼠的CSF序列作比较，其核苷酸的同源性分别为28.7%，29.2%，33.6%，30.8%，29.4%和34.7%，氨基酸的同源性分别为8.3%，9.0%，15.3%，12.4%，11.0%和12.0%。

The result showed that twocDNA fragments which expressed at high level both in shoot and radicle representedthe gene encoding beta-D-glucosidase; one cDNA fragment expressed specifically inshoot represented the gene encoding mitochondria HSP60; most clones of MF12 andMF17 fragments respectively represented the chloroplast genes encoding prp22 andprp19 proteins which are two components of ribosomal small subunit; while thededuced amino acid sequence from each exceptional one clone was respectivelyhomologous to CDC5 proteins and vesicle-associated membrane proteins; otherthree cDNA fragments expressed preferentially in shoot had no homologue inGenBank.

结果发现2个在胚芽和胚根中表达量都很高的cDNA片段代表的是编码玉米β-D-葡糖苷酶的基因；一个在胚芽中表达而在胚根中不表达的片段代表的是编码线粒体分子伴侣HSP60的基因；片段MFl2的大部分克隆测序结果是与叶绿体基因组中编码核糖体小亚基蛋白prp22的基因同源，但其中有一个克隆测定的cDNA片段序列推测的氨基酸序列与CDC5家族成员有较高的同源性；片段MF17的大部分克隆测序结果与叶绿体基因组中编码核糖体蛋白prp19的基因同源，而有一克隆测定的cDNA片段序列推测的氨基酸序列与参与信号转导的膜结合蛋白VAP27和VAMP有较高的同源性；另有3个优先在胚芽中表达的cDNA片段未查询到同源序列。

Using augmented Dickey-Fuller test, the result shows that BDI logarithm series is nonstationary but the first difference is stationary, i. e. it is integrated of order one. High-level ARCH effect was certification in the BDI logarithm series by ARCH LM test, and GARCH (1, 1) model was used to eliminate the conditional heteroscedasticity. Through variance ratio test, the result shows, that the random walk hypothesis of BDI logarithm series can be rejected and international dry bulk shipping market is inefficient.

运用ADF检验方法对BDI的对数序列进行平稳性和单整检验，结果证明BDI对数序列是一个非平稳过程，经一阶差分后是平稳过程，即BDI对数序列是一阶单整过程；通过ARCH LM检验认为BDI对数序列存在高阶ARCH效应，并用GARCH(1，1)模型消除了残差序列的条件异方差性；通过方差比检验法对国际干散货航运市场的收益率序列进行了检验，结果显示BDI的对数序列的随机游走假设被拒绝，国际干散货航运市场不是一个有效的市场。

Reactions of 2-methyl-1,4 naphthoquinone with human telomeric DNA and telomerase RNA ESR spin elimination has been used with 4-oxo-TEMPO as spin trap. The reactivities of 3VK3* with telomeric DNA, template of telomerase RNA and its L6-P6 region have been confirmed respectively. The results show that the reactivity of 3VK3* with polynucleotides is directly proportional to their G amount, and the one for reaction of 3VK3* with telomeric DNA is the highest in polynucleotides. 2. Reactions of 2-methyl-1,4 naphthoquinone with nucleosides, nucleotides ESR spin elimination has been used with 4-oxo-TEMPO as spin trap.

2-甲基-1，4萘醌与端粒DNA及端粒酶RNA亚基光敏反应性的研究应用ESR自旋消减法，对2-甲基-1，4萘醌(VK3)与端粒DNA重复序列、端粒酶RNA亚基模版序列、端粒酶RNA亚基L6-P6发夹区关键序列的光敏反应性进行了研究，结果表明，在一定波长照射下，明显诱导VK3与上述寡聚核苷酸反应，其反应性大小与核酸中鸟嘌呤含量正相关，其中端粒DNA序列反应性最强。

The analysis of the identity, the codon usage frequency and the codon usage preference were made to sequences of Carassius auratus auratus serum transferrin cDNA cloned in our laboratory and 14 fish Tf cDNA from reference documentation by DNAman v4.0. The results show that the identity of Tf cDNA sequences among Cypriniformes fishes is more than 46% and the identity of Tf cDNA sequences among Oncorhynchus fishes is between 34%~99% with larger variation.

运用DNAman v4.0分析软件，对克隆的鲫鱼血清转铁蛋白cDNA序列与文献中的14种鱼转铁蛋白cDNA序列的同源性、密码子使用频率和密码子使用偏性进行分析，结果表明：鲤形目鱼类Tf的cDNA序列同源性在46％以上，而鲑形目鱼类Tf的cDNA序列同源性在34%~99％之间，变化较大。

Amino acid similarities between goat and human were 87% and between gaot and mouse were 83%. Just like other members of FGFs superfamily, FGF5 protein also has a signal sequence ,at same time its protein has higly similar sequence about 120 Amino acid in central core sequence with other breed. Tissue specific expression of the FGF5 gene was also investigated in cashmere goat by RT-PCR analysis. The results showed that FGF5 gene was expressed in different time of the tested skin tissues, including anage and telegon.

结果如下：(1)本研究利用 RT-PCR 方法克隆了羊 FGF5 基因的 cDNA 序列，得到了 925bp的序列，并对该序列进行了分析，与成纤维细胞生长因子家族的成员一样也是由三个外显子组成，也具有一信号序列，成熟蛋白为 270 个氨基酸，经同源性比对得出大鼠与小鼠的 FGF5 氨基酸同源性最高为 97%，在与羊的蛋白质比较中大鼠与羊的同源性为 83%，小鼠与羊的同源性为 84%，人与羊的同源性最高，为 89%。

OPO11-964 shows 93 % identity with 1 EST sequence from Cabernet Sauvignon, shows 90% and 87% identity respectively with 2 EST sequences from green grape berries library, shows 83% identity with 1 EST sequence from multiple pathogen-infected sweet orange.

OPO11- 964序列与欧洲葡萄&赤霞珠&的1条EST序列有93%同源性，与&霞多丽&的2条果实不同发育时期获得的EST序列有90%和87%的同源性，与甜橙在多种病原菌侵染后通过cDNA文库获得的1条EST序列有83%的同源性。

The analysis for the relationship between the balance of quadricphase oversampled chaotic map sequence and sequence length and oversampled parameter p was given by using this function.

针对平衡度函数只能考察二值序列平衡性的问题，提出了可以考察多值序列平衡性的序列最大平衡差函数，利用该函数分析了四相OSCM序列平衡性分别与序列长度和过抽样参数p的关系。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。