并指的

The author put forward the following opinions: civilian sport refers to non-official sports activities de-veloped among the masses; it is not provided with the characteristic of being passed on and continued generation by generation, can occur in a certain period, and disappear in a certain period; folk sport refers to sports activities closely related to civilian customs, mainly existing in civilian celebrative activities, religious activities and ritual ac-tivities; it is a form of sports culture passed on and continued generation by generation, provided with the character-istics of collectivity, inheritability and mode; national sport is divided into general type and special type; general na-tional sport refers to a special culture that once historically reflected and carried common psychological capacity and culture of a nation and is enjoyed by that nation; Chinese national sport, ancient Grecian sport and ancient Egyptian sport are specific forms of presentation of national sport; special national sport refers to a sports cultural form that is exclusively owned by a nation in modern time, reflects and carries common psychological capacity and culture of that nation, and is created and enjoyed by that nation; traditional sport refers to a stable sports culture that is historically inherited and gradually formed by a nation in practical activities in a long history, embodied in all as-pects of sports cultural activities and passed on generation by generation.

摘 要：民间体育是指非官方的在民众中开展的体育活动，它不具有世代相传和延续的特点，可以在某一时期出现，又可能在某一时期消失；民俗体育是指那些与民间风俗习惯关系密切，主要存在于民间节庆活动、宗教活动、祭祀活动中，是一种世代传承和延续的体育文化形态，具有集体性、传承性和模式性特点；民族体育有广义和狭义之分，广义民族体育指曾在历史上反映和承载着一个民族共同心理素质、共同文化，为该民族享用的一种特殊文化，中华民族体育、古希腊体育、古埃及体育都是民族体育的具体表现形式，狭义民族体育是指近现代一个民族所独有的，反映并承载该民族共同心理素质、共同文化并为该民族所创造和享用的一种体育文化形态；传统体育是指由历史沿袭下来，是民族在漫长的历史实践活动中积累而成的稳定的体育文化，体现在健身、养生、娱乐思维方式、行为方式等体育文化活动的各个方面，并通过社会心理结构及其它物化媒介(如棋盘、武术器械、文献典籍等)得以世代相传。

In order to solve the derivation of power exponent function,this paper has studied the derivation regulations on power function from the perspective of the differentiation of multi-variable function and in accordance with the derivation laws on multi-variable complex function.

为解决幂指函数的求导问题，从多元函数微分法的角度出发，根据多元复合函数的求导法则，探索幂指函数求导的规律，并揭示了幂指函数与幂函数及指数函数导数间的关系，给出了幂指函数求导的另一种方法。

I soon found a way to convince him that I would do him no harm, and taking him up by the Hand laugh'd at him, and pointed to the Kid which I had kill'd, beckoned to him to run and fetch it, which he did; and while he was wondering and looking to see how the Creature was kill'd, I loaded my Gun again, and by and by I saw a great Fowl like a Hawk sit upon a Tree within Shot; so to let Friday understand a little what I would do, I call'd him to me again, pointed at the Fowl which was indeed a Parrot, tho' I thought it had been a Hawk, I say pointing to the Parrot, and to my Gun, and to the Ground under the Parrot, to let him see I would make it fall, I made him understand that I would shoot and kill that Bird; accordingly I fir'd and bad him look, and immediately he saw the Parrot fall, he stood like one frighted again, notwithstanding all I had said to him; and I found he was the more amaz'd, because he did not see me put any Thing into the Gun; but thought that there must be some wonderful Fund of Death and Destruction in that Thing, able to kill Man, Beast, Bird, or any Thing near, or far off; and the Astonishment this created in him was such, as could not wear off for a long Time; and I believe, if I would have let him, he would have worshipp'd me and my Gun: As for the Gun it self, he would not so much as touch it for several Days after; but would speak to it, and talk to it, as if it had answer'd him, when he was by himself; which, as I afterwards learn'd of him, was to desire it not to kill him.

可怜的星期五上次曾看到我用枪打死了他的敌人，但当时他站在远处，弄不清是怎么回事，也想象不出我是怎样把他的敌人打死的。可这一次他看到我开枪，着实吃惊不少；他浑身颤抖，简直吓呆了，差一点瘫倒在地上。他既没有去看我开枪射击的那只小羊，也没有看到我已把小羊打死了，只顾扯开他自己的背心，在身上摸来摸去，看看自己有没有受伤。原来他以为我要杀死他。他跑到我跟前，扑通一声跪下来抱住我的双腿，嘴里叽哩咕噜说了不少话，我都不懂。但我不难明白他的意思，那就是求我不要杀他。我马上想出办法使他相信，我决不会伤害他。我一面用手把他从地上扶起来，一面哈哈大笑，并用手指着那打死的小羊，叫他跑过去把它带回来。他马上跑过去了。他在那里查看小山羊是怎样被打死的，并感到百思不得其解。这时我趁此机会重新把枪装上了子弹。不久，我看见一只大鸟，样子像一只苍鹰，正落在我射程内的一棵树上。为了让星期五稍稍明白我是怎样开枪的，就叫他来到我跟前。我用手指了指那只鸟--现在我看清了，其实那是一只鹦鹉，而我原先把它当作苍鹰了。我刚才说了，我用手指了指那只鹦鹉，又指了指自己的枪和鹦鹉身子底下的地方，意思是说，我要开枪把那只鸟打下来。

When used as exophoric reference to indicate the concepts of space and time in the real world, this/that and ii/IP have no much difference between them.

在用于外指照应时，就其所指的时间和空间概念来说，this／that与&这/那&之间并无多大差异，即this和&这&指近，that和&那&指远。

2 Aids to Interpretation In these Terms and Conditions and in the Contract Details, unless the contrary intention appears; words denoting the singular include the plural and vice versa; a reference to any one of an individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, authority, trust or government includes any other of them; the headings are for convenience only and do not affect interpretation; a reference to any instrument (such as a deed, agreement or document) is to that instrument (or, if required by the context, to a part of it) as amended, notated, substituted or supplemented at any time and from time to time; a reference to a Party is a reference to a party to the Agreement and includes that Party's executors, administrators, successors and permitted assigns; a reference to a clause or attachment is to a clause (including sub-clause, paragraph, sub-paragraph or further subdivision of a clause) or attachment of or to these Terms and Conditions; a reference to any legislation or legislative provision includes any statutory modification or re-enactment of, or substitution for, and any subordinate legislation under, that legislation or legislative provision; where an expression is defined, another part of speech or grammatical form of that expression has a corresponding meaning; a reference to "US$" or "US Dollars" is a reference to the currency of the United States of America.

1.2艾滋病的解释在这些条款和条件，并在合同中的细节，除非相反的意图似乎；的话指的奇异包括复数，反之亦然；提及的任何一个个人，公司，合伙，合营，协会，主管部门或政府的信任，包括任何其他人；标题只是为了方便起见，并且不影响解释；一个参考的任何文书，是该文书的（或者，如果所要求的背景下，一个它的一部分）修订， notated ，取代或补充，在任何时间，从不时；一个参考一党是一个参考，以协议的当事方和包括党的执行者，管理者，继承人和允许的受让人；一个参考的条款或附件，是一条第（包括子第，段，分段或进一步细分的一个条款），或扣押，或这些条款和条件；一提到任何立法或立法条文包括任何法定修改或重新制定的，或替代，以及任何附属法例下，即立法或立法条文；在1表达的定义是，另一部分言论或语法形式的表达有一个相应的意义；中提到&美元&或&美元&是一个参考的货币美利坚合众国。

If you will try to form a notion of yourself, of the sort of a something that you suspect to inhabit and partially to control your flesh and blood body, you will encounter a walking bundle of superfluities: and when you mentally have put aside the extraneous things—your garments and your members and your body, and your acquired habits and your appetites and your inherited traits and your prejudices, and all other appurtenances which considered separately you recognize to be no integral part of you,—there seems to remain in those pearl-colored brain-cells, wherein is your ultimate lair, very little save a faculty for receiving sensations, of which you know the larger portion to be illusory.

如果你尝试给你自己下个概念（这里的&你自己&指的是附着在你的血肉之躯上并部分操纵着它的那个东西），你所得出的结论不过就是一具行尸走肉，一个酒囊饭袋。这里首先明确一下什么是你的外在因素，它们包括你的衣装、肢体、躯干，你后天形成的习惯与爱好，你与生俱来的特征与成见，以及你身上附带的其他东西——如果分开来考虑的话，你不会认为它们是你不可或缺的一部分。假设你在脑海中撇开这一切外在因素，剩下的那些泛着珍珠色泽的大脑细胞，就是你灵魂深处的栖息地。在那儿，只有一小部分细胞维持着感官功能，从中你能知道，剩下的大部分脑细胞产生的信息都是虚幻的。

The corrosive principles of corrosions and the stainless steel's inoxidizability in the chemical medium are introduced respectively in the paper.

具体来说，不锈钢是指在空气中能抵抗腐蚀的钢，耐酸钢是指在某些化学介质中能抵抗腐蚀的钢，耐热钢是指在高温下抗氧化、抗蠕变并耐一定介质腐蚀的钢。

Based on the torsion joint, 3-DOF finger and 5-DOF finger, a flexible pneumatic dexterous multi-fingered hand is proposed. This hand simulates the hand of human beings in structure and functions. The characteristics of this hand are summarized. The designing feasibility of this kind of hand is analyzed and the research directions are discussed.

在气动柔性扭转关节，三自由度手指和五自由度手指的基础上，提出了模拟人手结构和功能的气动柔性多指灵巧手，总结了气动柔性多指灵巧手的特点，并分析了多指灵巧手设计的可行性及研究思路。

According to the writer, Li balances literary critics w...ith other artistic categories, and appreciates critical works from the height of aesthetics. From Li's brand-new perspective, critique is not only"independent"but also"artistic", which is of remarkable significance as regards its implication in the revolutionary changes of literary criticism. The 2nd chapter"literary criticism is a form of discovery", literarily refers to Li Jianwu stressed that critic main body consciousness to text permeating, and his claims on critics'subjectivity and capabilities in aesthetic judgments. The writer concludes Li's ideas as the three following aspects:"critique is self-discovery","critique is the discovery of the writer's mind", and"critique is the discovery of humanity in literature", and gives full illustration one by one.

他把文学批评放在了与其他艺术品类平等的位置，并且从审美的高度衡量文学批评，认为批评是&独立的批评&，也是&艺术的批评&，其意义非常深远，具有文学批评革命性的改变这一意味在里面；第二章&文学批评是一种发现&指的是李健吾强调批评家主体意识对文本的渗入，要求发挥批评家的主体作用和审美判断能力，笔者将此概括为：&批评是自我的发现&、&批评是作家心灵的发现&、&批评是作品中人性的发现&三个方面，并一一进行阐释；第三章重点论述李健吾文学批评的模式。

By the following three breakthroughs. Firstly, translation studies much enhanced its examination in linguistic transfer, with a series of equivalences advanced, such as equivalence in phonetics, syntax, semantics, etc. Secondly, instead of being confined to the translated text, translation studies concernsitself more with the extralinguistic elements: the initiator who proposes or sponsors the translation of a certain work, the translator who produces the target text and the receiver that involves not only the target reader but the target cultural environment as a whole. Thirdly, translation has been surveyed

首先，它从一般层面上的对两种语言转换的技术性问题的研究，深入到了对翻译行为本身的深层探究，提出了语音、语法、语义等一系列的等值问题；其次，它不再局限于翻译文本本身的研究，而是把目光投射到了译作的发起者（即提议或组织翻译某部作品的个人或群体）、翻译文本的操作者和接受者（此处的接受者不光指的是译文的读者，还有整个译语文化的接受环境）身上；再次，它把翻译放到一个宏大的文化语境中去考察，并审视翻译在这种文化语境中的意义和作用。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。