平衡石

The thermodynamic calculations of the Gibbs free energies for typical multiple phase equilibria in silicate systems were performed,including (1)melting reactions of silicate reactant in processing of the glass-ceramics;(2)sintering reactions in utilizations of nepheline syenite and high- flyash;(3)crystallizing reactions of tobermorite and xonotlite .

对硅酸盐体系的典型多相平衡反应进行了热力学计算，包括：(1)微晶玻璃制备过程中的硅酸盐熔融反应；(2)霞石正长岩和高铝粉煤灰利用技术中的硅酸盐烧结反应；(3)S iO2-CaO-H2O体系和KA lS i3O8-CaO-H2O体系雪硅钙石、硬硅钙石的水热晶化反应；(4)高铝粉煤灰和霞石正长岩烧结产物的溶解反应；(5)Na[A l4]-A l3-H2O体系和Na2SO4-Ca2-H2O体系中α-A l3和CaSO4.2H2O的析晶反应。

The study on the hardening mechanism of the soft soil with the materials shows that the hardening procedure can be divided into three stages:(1). Hydrating and dissolving stage, when material A and material B of the high-water-content and quick-setting materials respectively dissolve and balance in water.(2). Gel and consolidating stage, when the materials hydrate into calcium crystal and the ion exchange and aggregation of soil particles occur in an alkaline environment.(3). the structure developing stage, when the calcium crystals connect each other, absorb and crystallize the water around; the hydrate remnants, calcium hydroxide, carbonate continuously in water and in the air.

本文对高水速凝材料-软土硬化机理的研究表明，高水速凝材料-软土的硬化过程可分为三个阶段：①水化溶解阶段：主要为高水速凝材料的甲、乙料分别与水的溶解、维持平衡阶段；②胶凝固化阶段：主要为高水速凝材料的水化反应生成钙矾石晶体以及土颗粒在碱性环境中发生离子交换和团粒化作用；③强度增长阶段：钙矾石晶体相互连接，大量吸收周围环境中的水分，并将水分变成自己的结晶水；水化残余物氢氧化钙在水中和空气中发生碳酸化作用。

The equilibrium P-T conditions of the spinel lherzolite xenoliths in the study area are: T=913~1045℃, P=13~22kb corresponding to depths of 45~83 km. The P-T conditions suggest that the geothermal gradient of the upper mantle beneath the study area is approximately similar to oceanic geotherm which may be caused by asthenosphere upwelling.

本研究尖晶石二辉橄榄岩之平衡温度大致介於913℃1045℃之间，平衡压力则介於13kb~22kb，深度大约介於 45km~75km 之间，其温压范围大多接近於大洋地区之地温梯度，此相对较高之地温梯度可能与软流圈之上涌有关。

State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001The siting of B, Al or Ga and the bridging hydroxyl group in mordenite framework were studied by using ab initio HartreeFock methods. The influence of the presence of B or Ga in the framework on the Bronsted acidity of mordenite was investigated.

用从头计算HartreeFock方法研究了B、Al、Ga等同晶取代进入丝光沸石骨架后可能存在的位置，确定了与电荷平衡质子结合的氧位置，考察了B、Ga等杂原子进入骨架对丝光沸石Brnsted酸性的影响。

The thermodynamic and kinetics of the natural clinoptilolite ion-exchange process for ammonia removal from wastewater was studied in this dissertation, the intensification of mass-transfer process was studied as well.

测定了国内三种有代表性的天然斜发沸石样品的总铵离子交换容量和常温下铵离子在钠型沸石上的平衡等温线，并与澳大利亚的同类样品作了比较。

The mechanism of carbonization process of aluminate solution was analyzed thermodynamically. The results show that the internal reason of precipitation of Al3 in the process is its spontaneous nucleation caused by supersaturation of aluminate solution. The behaviors of SiO2 in the process are in accordance with that from published experiment, which implies that the content of product SiO2 from carbonization depends on its solubility but is not the result of absorption. The thermodynamic calculation for forming Na2O·Al2O3·2CO2· n H2O was achieved.

摘 要：为对高浓度铝酸钠溶液碳酸化分解过程中产品杂质含量的控制提供理论依据，分析了铝酸钠溶液碳酸化分解过程的热力学，认为该过程中Al3析出的真正机理是过饱和铝酸钠溶液的自发结晶；而基于分解过程中平衡浓度的热力学计算表明，在碳酸化分解过程中SiO2的变化规律与公认的三段变化规律一致，说明该过程产品中SiO2的含量取决于它在溶液中的平衡浓度，而非吸附所致；同时还分析了丝钠铝石的形成热力学。

Some primary beryl crystals are found in spodumene in zones Ⅲ and Ⅳ, and are enriched in Fe and Mg. The late secondary beryls with low contents of Cs2O are attributed to crystallization of pullucite and nanpingite. There is possibly a re-equilibrium between the late hydrothermal fluids and the Cs-rich beryl.

晚期绿柱石的Cs2O含量较低，可能是由于艳沸石和南平石等铯矿物的结晶，导致晚期熔体－热液中相对贫铯，而热液流体与富铯绿柱石之间可能存在艳的化学再平衡。

In the paper, adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of water in the solvents of benzene series and low-carbon alcohol on 3A zeolite molecular sieve were studied including effective pore size of zeolite, adsorbate concentration and temperature. The mechanism and characteristics of water adsorption in such systems, the effect of solvents to adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of water were discussed, and diffusivities of water under different conditions were obtained.

论文研究了苯系列物质—水体系、低碳醇—水体系中水在3A沸石上的吸附动力学，考察了沸石晶格窗口大小、吸附质浓度、温度等因素对吸附动力学的影响规律；分析了吸附机理以及两类体系的特点；通过数学模型对实验数据的拟合，求取了各种条件下的动力学参数；研究了两类体系的溶剂对吸附平衡和动力学的影响。

Through the analysis of thermodynamics, relationship between equilibrium phase of thihydrate and boehmite with temperature and caustic mole ratio in the system of sodium aluminate solution was determined.

摘 要：通过热力学分析确定了铝酸钠溶液体系中三水铝石、一水软铝石平衡固相与温度和苛性比之间的关系。

Through the analysis of thermodynamics, relationship between equilibrium phase of thihydrate and boehmite with temperature and caustic mole ratio in the system of sodium aluminate solution was determined.

通过热力学分析确定了铝酸钠溶液体系中三水铝石、一水软铝石平衡固相与温度和苛性比之间的关系。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。