平均误差

The average relativeerror was 3.63%, less much than mostly used group-contribution methods for alkyne, chlorine derivative, iodine derivative, especially for alkane, bromine derivative, aromatic hydrocarbon, alicyclic hydrocarbon and sulfur-containing organic compounds.

对4068种有机物的正常沸点进行了估算，其平均相对误差为3.63%，总体估算精度明显优于相比较的基团贡献法，对炔烃、氯衍生物、碘衍生物，尤其是对烷烃类、溴衍生物、芳烃、脂环烃和含硫化合物的估算误差明显减小。

The average deviation of required vehicles is 0.21, and the average deviation of distance percentage is 1.87%.

与文献已知最佳解比较，平均车辆数误差为0.21辆；距离误差为1.87%。

Furthermore, the maximum absolute values of cumulative relative error of the model and the original model which doesn't consider effect on adsorption/desorption of nutrition are 11.7% and 34.18% respectively.

结果显示，实验测试值与本模型计算值的平均相对误差小于6.90%，而且，本模型与未考虑营养盐吸附/脱附作用模型的最大绝对值累积相对误差分别为11.70%和34.18%。

The steepest descent method using the AGC simulation, compared with the average error, and only when the second error control effect.

详细说明：采用最速下降法的AGC仿真，比较了用误差平均和仅用当次误差的控制效果。

Comparing with the observation results, the biggest average error of four observation well is 0.14 m in the simulation, the positive and negative error is relatively equal, and the stability of system is better, which means the simulation model accords with the reality of the studying region.

模拟结果与观测结果比较，4个观测孔的平均水位误差最大值为0.14m，正负误差比较均衡，系统稳定性较好，表明所构建的数学模型与研究区域实际情况吻合较好。

An optimal control law is obtained by minimizing the average performance through spectral factorization and a practical control method for integrator and dead time plant is presented in the presence of plant uncertainty and control energy constraint.

首先基于一类随机模型误差的描述，定义了一个平均意义上的包含跟踪误差和控制能量在内的性能指标；然后通过谱分解极小化该性能指标，导出一个最优的控制律，从而为模型不确定性和控制能量约束并存条件下一类非自衡对象的最优控制问题提供了一种实用的控制方法。

First of all, we introduce some interval methods and propose a new approach to find confidence interval for the slope in homoscedastic measurement error models. The performance of the interval estimation is compared in terms of both coverage probability and its diameter via simulation studies. Second, we suggest two approaches to estimate confidence intervals for the slope and joint confidence regions for both intercept and slope in heteroscedastic measurement error models. Application of these methods are illustrated with real data sets.

首先，当测量误差的变异是同质性时，我们对斜率项参数建构信赖区间，除了回顾已发表的方法外，也提出一个新的方法，建议的区间方法分别和已存在的方法做模拟比较，比较的标准建构在覆盖机率和平均长度上；另外，当测量误差的变异是异质性时，我们不仅对斜率项参数建构信赖区间提出新的方法，也对截距项参数和斜率项参数建构联合信赖区间。

The performance of the proposed method is compared with that of the well-known vector standard filters such as the VMF, progressive switch median filter, scalar median filter ,minimum distance between central sample and scalar median in its neighborhood vector median filter and the basic vector directional filter.

结果表明，DMNVM滤波性能明显优于现有的VMF、递进开关中值滤波、标量中值滤波、与标量中值距离最小向量滤波和方向矢量中值滤波；同近年提出的自适应向量滤波比较，AVMF客观指标平均绝对误差协MAE、均方误差和标准色差分别是DMNVM的1.81、2.59和2.17倍，这说明DMNVM的滤波性能有显著提高。

A real-time method of projective transformation (with less than 1 ms of parameter processing) and an auto-calibration method for camera's main pose (with the time cost less than 0.5 s) were presented.

试验和相应的误差分析结果令人满意（160×120显示分辨率下，能在55 ms内自主做出经透视投影变换的作业机理想移动方向决策，普通难度的相似颜色序列图像的分割误差被控制在了平均5%以内）。

It is theoretically demonstrated that the influences of terrain height and orographic heterogeneity are important on the flux of surface long wave radiation over a large scale grid area.

摘要从理论和数值试验两个方面证明地形的非均匀性对网格区地面长波辐射通量的计算有重要影响，海拔高度场的区域平均值及其变差系数是影响网格区地面长波辐射通量的主要因素，仅仅用地表均匀假定下的区域平均参量（如平均海拔高度和平均温度）所计算的网格区地表有效辐射通量值与其真实值之间存在着一定的误差。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。