平均温度误差

Simulated annealing method was used to get the least average relative error for a given temperature.

利用神经网络分析了频率和电流对平均温度及其平均相对误差的影响，并应用模拟退火法对频率和电流进行了优化以获得所需温度下的最小平均相对误差。

The simulation data show that the average error of land surface temperature is below 0.5℃, and the error of emissivity in band 11~14 is below 0.007(band 11,12)and 0.006 (band 13,14), respectively.

利用辐射传输模型MODTRAN 4模拟数据进行反演及验证分析，结果表明，神经网络能够提高算法的精度和实用性，反演的地表温度平均误差为0.5 ℃，反演的发射率平均误差分别在0.007(11、12波段)和0.006(13、14波段)以下。

Ment equation and error formula in the process of practical measurement.

最后，本文通过实验研究了距离对于医用红外热像仪测量精度的影响，得到了一个理想距离，在这个距离上能使这种红外热像仪测量误差最小，论文最后通过测量多组人体耳垂的平均温度的实验验证了结论。

The revised Hargraves formula has the best result compared with Penman-Monteith formula, the average relative error is 6%, moreover, Hargaves method requiring the least data in calculating ETo, so this method has the high actual application value; The following are Radiation method and Blaney-Criddle method ; The worst is the Pan method, even after revised, the highest and average relative error is 36% and 10%, respectively. So, in this study, Penman-Monteith method, Radiation method, Blaney-Criddle method and Hargraves method are used except Pan method.

在这四种方法中，修正后的Hargraves方法与彭曼—蒙特斯方法的计算结果符合最好，其平均相对误差为6％，而Hargraves方法需要的气象数据只有计算时段的最高、最低温度，该方法具有较高的实际应用价值；辐射方法和布兰尼—克里德尔方法次之；蒸发皿方法最差，即使在修正后，E601型蒸发皿的最大误差也高达36％，平均为10％，所以在预报系统的研究设计中采用了除蒸发皿方法之外的四种方法。

The instrument simultaneously sample for three phase voltage and current. Rotary photoelectric coding switch and LCD are used for human-computer interaction. it makes the interface compact and efficient. Utilizing the function of positive and negative edge trigger of the programmable counter array unit in MPU, signal zero-cross is captured for the phase detected based on double way. The software synchronism sampling method based on real-time parameter self-optimizing minishes period truncation error, and the measurement accuracy is improved. The digitization power measure imports traditional two-unit and three-unit methods and expands application range of the instrument. The capacity is discriminated by soft ware table-look-up on the load loss. The value of a quantity is converted to the value when reference temperature (75 ℃) from test temperature.

该仪器具有以下特点：仪器对三相电压电流同时采样；基于旋转式光电编码器和液晶显示屏的人机交互界面简洁而高效；可编程计数器阵列PCA"捕获"信号的过零点用于双向过零平均鉴相，得到准确的相位差和周期；基于实时参数自寻优的软件同步采样，有效地减小了周期截断误差，提高了测量准确度；数字化功率测量引入了传统的二表法和三表法，扩展了仪器的使用范围；实际容量根据负载损耗用软件查表的方法来判别；测量值已从试验温度折算到了参考温度(75℃)时的值。

The spatial distribution pattern of the factors shows that distinct radiolarian assemblages are closely related to water mass, ocean current and hydrographic conditions.(4) The test of a new radiolarian-based transfer function to estimate mean-annual sea surface temperature and se

利用57个样品的统计数据，对估计表层海水年平均温度和其变化范围的放射虫转换函数（Pisias，1997）的检验结果表明，其估计误差为6℃，实际值与估计值的相关性差，可靠性低，不适合于本区使用。

Temperature of nodes was higher when material character was set to be nonlinear and the temperature difference would increase with pyrogenation going on; the fire-resistant capability of circinal steel structural member was inferior to that of quadrate steel structural; the temperature of the same node was higher when the

对数值模拟和试验中钢结构构件测温点的温度值进行比较，数值模拟计算结果与试验数据的平均相对误差为9.23%，计算结果与实测值吻合较好。

The acid gas and nonacid gas are calculated with established model.The calculated results show that the average relative deviation of temperature for acid gas hydrate production is 0.33%;for nonacid gas,the relative deviation is 0.113%.

通过检验：该模型在预测酸性气体水合物生成温度时的平均相对误差为0.33%；对非酸性气体的偏差仅为0.113%，算例表明本模型计算方法简单，使用十分方便，具有较高的精度，能够满足工程要求。

It is theoretically demonstrated that the influences of terrain height and orographic heterogeneity are important on the flux of surface long wave radiation over a large scale grid area.

摘要从理论和数值试验两个方面证明地形的非均匀性对网格区地面长波辐射通量的计算有重要影响，海拔高度场的区域平均值及其变差系数是影响网格区地面长波辐射通量的主要因素，仅仅用地表均匀假定下的区域平均参量（如平均海拔高度和平均温度）所计算的网格区地表有效辐射通量值与其真实值之间存在着一定的误差。

This article indicates that when the average temperature of gas in gas-insulated electric equipment is some greater than the temperature of gas density relay then the gas density relay can't reflex the gas density correctly too and gives a positive error.

本文指出，当电气设备内气体平均温度高于密度继电器温度一定程度时，气体密度继电器也不能正确反映电气设备内的气体密度，而出现正误差。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。