干旱

Rainwater catchments system engineering is an important way to develop agriculture, reduce erosion of soil, improve environment and increase incoming of farmers.

雨水集蓄利用工程是干旱半干旱地区发展农业生产、减少水土流失、改善生态环境、提高农民收入的重要途径。

Some physiological indexes were determined in two ecotypes Leymus chinensis under salt-alkali, PEG, CO2 stress.

但在干旱情况严重的条件下，CO：施肥并不能完全补偿干旱所带来的损失。

D 1890-2000,the drought disaster rank,the time variation,spacial variation and the arid change tendency fitting were studied in this paper.

通过对历史文献资料的收集、统计和分析，对1800-2000年关中地区干旱灾害的等级序列、时间变化、空间变化和干旱变化趋势拟合进行了研究。

Throug the study on irrigation quota and irrigation times for licorice root planted in arid sandy land of middle Ningxia, the result shows: by increasing irrigation frequency and irrigation fixed quantity properly, it can play a positive role in the conserving and increasing water-holding capacity in arid-belt sandy area.

摘要通过对宁夏中部干旱带沙地种植甘草的不同灌水定额及次数的研究，结果表明，适当的增加灌水次数和灌水定额对于保持和增加干旱带沙壤土持水率具有积极的作用，有利于植物的生长发育。

Detailed study indicates that this kind of micrini-tes, in fact, is typical fungus megaspores that are distributed widely in modernarid and semiarid steppe areas of northern China.

通过对我国各地130余块表层土壤样品的分析，发现了多种类型的真菌孢子，其中有一类大孢子(大小100-350μm，外壁厚5-10μm以上)与在黄土地层及红粘土层中发现的带尾的微球粒形态是一致的，进一步研究认为这种微球粒实际上是一类分布在我国北方干旱、半干旱草原区的真菌大孢子。

After complete regional analogue, it is discovered that the palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment in Tontso is entirely comparative and consistent with the synchronous lakewater retreating of Zhaduixiong spits in Zabuye Lake basin, with palaeoclimate changes recorded by pollen in adjacent Zhabuye Lake, with Holocene palaeoclimate environment indicated by drilling-hole in Bangong Co, with palaeoclimate significance traced by δ〓O value in Qinghai Lake and Siling Co, with pollen- and diatom-inferred climatic change in Longmu Co and Sumxi Co, and with the palaeoclimate framework during the 5〓 Level Arid Extension Period of Quaternary arid center of Western China.

对比研究发现，洞错的古气候环境，与同期相邻的扎布耶湖湖水退缩遗迹和花粉记录的古气候变化、班戈湖钻孔所揭示的全新世古气候环境、色林错δ〓O值所揭示的气候意义、龙木—松西错的孢粉和硅藻提供的古气候古环境信息以及第四纪西部干旱中心在第5级干旱扩张期中的古气候格局，它们的气候环境变化总体上均有可对比性和一致性。

The results show that the RIEMS can simulate the pattem and seasonal cycle of standard deviation of surface temperature and precipitation.

第一部分是检验RIEMS模式对东亚地区十年平均气候状况的模拟能力，结果表明，RIEMS模式能够较好地模拟出不同季节温度(包括平均温度、最高温度、最低温度)的空间分布和季节变化以及不同区域温度的年变化；无论是平均温度，还是最高温度、最低温度，模式模拟季平均和月平均温度与观测之间偏差大约一般在1-2℃，这与IPCC(2001)报告中报告的在区域尺度10〓-10〓KM，季平均温度偏差在1-2℃较为一致；模式能够较好地模拟降水的空间分布特征和季节变化以及不同区域平均降水的年变化，同时，也能够较好地模拟出雨带季节性的演变，但模拟的雨带位置较观测偏北，大约为2-3纬度；就季节而言，模式模拟最好的季节为冬季，较差的季节为夏季；模式基本上能够较好的模拟出不同季节平均海平面气压场的空间分布以及东亚地区的湿润和干旱分布规律的干旱指数的空间分布。

The first part is to assess whether RIEMS has ability to reproduce ten-years averaged mean climate in East Asia.The results demonstrate that RIEMS is capable to reproduce the patterns and seasonal cycle of temperature(mean temperature/maximal temperature/minimal temperature), precipitation, sea level pressure and arid index as well as the rain belt evolution.The simulated seasonal and monthly averaged temperature biases are generally in the range of 1-2℃,which are consistent with IPCC(200 1)report. Although model can reproduce the seasonal cycle and time evolution of precipitation, the simulated rain belt has northwards shift of 2-3 degree.

第一部分是检验RIEMS模式对东亚地区十年平均气候状况的模拟能力，结果表明，RIEMS模式能够较好地模拟出不同季节温度(包括平均温度、最高温度、最低温度)的空间分布和季节变化以及不同区域温度的年变化；无论是平均温度，还是最高温度、最低温度，模式模拟季平均和月平均温度与观测之间偏差大约一般在1-2℃，这与IPCC(2001)报告中报告的在区域尺度10〓-10〓KM，季平均温度偏差在1-2℃较为一致；模式能够较好地模拟降水的空间分布特征和季节变化以及不同区域平均降水的年变化，同时，也能够较好地模拟出雨带季节性的演变，但模拟的雨带位置较观测偏北，大约为2-3纬度；就季节而言，模式模拟最好的季节为冬季，较差的季节为夏季；模式基本上能够较好的模拟出不同季节平均海平面气压场的空间分布以及东亚地区的湿润和干旱分布规律的干旱指数的空间分布。

This paper reviews the predictions and management implications of two current paradigms in the ecology and management of arid and semi-arid rangelands.

该文对当前干旱和半干旱地区的生态和管理的两个模式做了综述。

However, the agricultural sector registered anaemic growth of 0.8%, with further downside risks looming from 2009's drought, which is expected to affect the winter crop as well.

但是，2009年的干旱导致农业增长较为乏力，仅为0.8%，而干旱产生的下降风险同样会影响到冬季作物。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。