常用

The traditional Dijkstra algorithm is based on the nodes relationship of"directed graph"and

传统路径规划常用的Dijkstra 算法是根据道路"有向图"中的节点进行计算，相关的交通属

Several common description methods for rotational kinematics are discussed in control point, such as direction cosine matrix, Euler angles, quaternions and Rodrigues/Modified-Rodrigues parameters. Transformation relationships, advantages and disadvantages among those methods are discussed.

从控制角度综评方向余弦、欧拉角、四元数和Rodrigues/修正Rodrigues参数几种常用姿态描述动态方程，指出各种方法的优缺点，及相互转化。

Would you give some examples of the most common indicators of approval and disapproval?

问：你能否对赞成和反对的最常用指标的一些例子？

The authors studied carefully two numerical differential methods, finite difference method and rational polynomial technique, and pointed that FDM is the special ease of RPT when the limit state function is linear. Accordingly, FDM3 can be used for the continuous linear limit state function and RPT5 for the continuous nonlinear limit state function. For the discontinuous limit state function, RPT should be used because of the large error of FDM.

对于可靠度分析中常用的有限差分法及有理多项式法这两种数值微分方法，本文详细研究了二者间的异同及其求导结果与步长的关系，指出了对于相同的步长控制系数及取样方式，FDM是RPT在线性情况下的特例；对于连续的线性功能函数，可直接用3点FDM求导；对于连续的非线性功能函数，可用5点RPT求导；对于非连续的功能函数，应采用RPT求导。

Risk discount rate method is often used in risk decision analysis.

风险贴现率法是风险决策分析中常用的方法。

Combining with modeling analysis,the mathematic models for several common networked control systems are proposed using continuous and discrete system theories.

本文从网络控制系统的特点和要求出发，对网络时延及其对网络控制系统的影响进行了阐述，并与建模分析相结合，利用连续和离散系统理论建立了几种较为常用的网络控制系统数学模型。

The book is divided into 10 chapters, including discrete and continuous system of PID control system, commonly used digital PID control, Expert PID and fuzzy PID control, neural PID control, genetic algorithm PID control, Multivariable decoupling PID control, several advanced PID control, gray PID control, PID control servo system, PID control in real time, ea

全书共分十章，包括连续系统和离散系统的 PID 控制，常用数字 PID 控制，专家 PID和模糊 PID 控制，神经 PID 控制，遗传算法 PID 控制，多变量解耦 PID 控制，几种先进的PID 控制，灰色 PID 控制，伺服系统 PID 控制，PID 实时控制，每种方法都通过 MATLAB 仿真程序进行了说明。

Discrete Fourier Transform is used for digital signal analysis and processing.

离散傅立叶变换是数字信号分析和处理中常用而有效的手段。

It is a heuristic algorithm that can be used to solve discrete optimization problems.

模拟退火法的构想源於金属冷却结晶的过程，是一种常用於求解最佳化问题的启发式演算法。

After introducing the set and probability theory, we will explain the random variable, discrete and continuous density distributions to students. Then, the students could learn the statistics in the following course.

从集合、基础机率理论出发，接着介绍随机变量，紧接之各式常用离散与连续机率密度分布，配合实例应用，让学生理解各项组成间之关连性，以为接下来之统计学之学习背景知识。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。