常染色质的

Here, we investigated heterochromatin and euchromatin profiles of the entire fission yeast genome and explored the role of RNA interference in genome organization.

这里，我们对裂殖酵母整个基因组上的异染色质和常染色质的状态进行了研究，并探索了RNA干扰在基因组组织中的作用。

There were distinct nucleoli and abundant euchromatin. Little heterochromatin could be found.

细胞核内核仁明显，有大量的常染色质，几乎看不到异染色质。

The concept of chromatin and chemic compose; chromatin proteins; the essential about the structure of nucleosome; euchromatin and heterochromatin.

二 染色质的概念及化学组成；染色质蛋白质；核小体结构要点；染色质包装的结构模型；常染色质和异染色质。

Each of these bundles is called a nucleosome, and many nucleosomes are bound together by the continuing strand of DNA, which forms a string of beads that further coils to form one of two kinds of chromatin, either euchromatin or heterochromatin.

所有细胞核的最显著的特点就是染色体，由DNA和组蛋白所组成的染色质构成，DNA绕行在由4个相似的组蛋白分子结合而形成的柱状的芯上，这一结构称为核小体，核小体之间由连续的DNA链连接，形成串珠样结构，进一步盘曲形成常染色质或异染色质。

It is classified as euchromatin or heterochromatin on the basis of its staining properties, the latter staining much more intensely with basic stains because it is more coiled and compact.

可以按照染色的性能分为常染色质和异染色质。

Histone H3 methylated at Lys4, which defines euchromatin, was not only distributed across most of the chromosomal landscape but was also present at the centromere core, the site of kinetochore assembly.

标志着常染色质的组蛋白H3－K4甲基化不仅广泛分布在大部分的染色体区域，同时也存在于着丝点的中心位置。

Euchromatin stains more intensively than heterochromatin during nuclear division.

常染色质具有转录活性，因而可以进行蛋白质的合成，而异染色质通常不具有转录活性。

The nucleolus (3) shows an internal structure. The chromatin is predominately euchromatin with heterochromatin which is typically located close to the nuclear envelope and is discontinuous at the nuclear pores.

可见核仁内的结构（3），核内常染色质为主，异染色质特征性地分布与核膜内表面，核孔处无异染色质分布。

Mitochondria was relatively little in size. Round primary lysosome with high electron-densed granules and secondary lysosome with high or low electron-densed granules were seen frequently. DCs contained many rough endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus and ribosomes. The vacuoles with flocculent electron-densed granules were rare. Some special granules in cytoplasm were seen, whose surface like earphone were covered with a membrane. High electron-densed contents in the granules were near one side and the other side was bright. The nucleus became markedly small in volume, nephroid or hoofed in shape. The nucleus had little euchromatin and lots of heterochromatin under nuclear membrane.

子宫内膜癌组织DC超微结构特征如下：细胞形态不规则，与正常子宫内膜组织DC相比，胞膜较光滑，胞膜表面树突状胞浆突起显著减少，部分突起呈粗短状；胞质中线粒体相对少，圆形而电子密度高的初级溶酶体和不规则形且电子密度高低不一的次级溶酶体多见；高尔基体、粗面内质网、核糖体丰富；含微量絮状电子致密物的胞饮小泡显著减少；胞质中可见形态特殊的颗粒，该颗粒外周膜包裹，略呈圆形，中间部位稍弯曲，如耳机状，颗粒中由高电子致密物居于一侧，而另一侧则呈透亮状；胞核显著减小，居于胞质一侧，常呈肾形或马蹄形，核内常染色质较少，异染色质多边集于核膜下。

Light microscope and transmission electron microscopy showed that SMMC-7721 cells induced by SAHA had undergone the restorational alteration in morphology and ultrastructure, which were different from those of nontreated cells but were similar to those of normal cells, and the changes were as follows: the cells turned to be flat and spread; the nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio lessened and nuclear shape became rather regular; the number of nucleolus reduced and its volume lessened; euchromatin increased while heterochromatin decreased in nucleus; in the cytoplasm, mitochondria grew in number with relatively consistent structure and well-developed mitochondria cristae; Golgi complex turned to be well-developed and typical; rough endoplasmic reticulum increased. Immunocytochemistry assay showed that the expression of AFP and PCNA were declined significantly. FCM analysis showed SAHA could arrest SMMC-7721 cells in G0/G1 phase, with an accumulation of the cells in G0/G1 phase while a decrease of cells in S phase. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR detection revealed that the expression of p21WAFl mRNA was upregulated remarkably in the cells treated with SAHA.

结果：倒置显微镜和透射电镜观察显示，经SAHA处理的细胞增殖速度显著减慢，细胞体积增大，细胞核较小，形状较为规则，核仁数量减少、体积变小，核内常染色质增多而异染色质减少，核质比例减小，细胞质内线粒体数量增多、线粒体嵴发达，高尔基体较为典型，粗糙型内质网增多，呈现出与正常上皮细胞相似的形态变化；MTT比色法测定结果显示不同浓度(2.5、5.0、7.5、10.0uM)SAHA对SMMC-7721细胞的增殖均有抑制作用，并有明显的剂量依赖和时间依赖关系；免疫细胞化学检测显示SAHA能显著降低PCNA和AFP在SMMC-7721细胞中的表达；流式细胞仪检测结果显示，SMMC-7721细胞经SAHA处理后，G0/G1期细胞明显增加，S期细胞则明显减少，细胞被阻滞于G0/G1期；RT-PCR检测结果表明，SAHA作用12h后SMMC-7721细胞中p21WAF1 mRNA的表达即有增加，24h后更为明显。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。