常染色体

The main aberrations of the euchromosomes was chromosome gain, including trisome, tetrasome, and polysome. The gain rates of the four euchromo-some were 84.9%, 77.5%, 63.7% and 83.2%, and the frequencies of polysome for each euchromosome were 24.6%, 34.9%, 23.4% and 31.7%, respectively. Loss of chromosome Y was observed in 61.2% of male patients. The combination of the four chromosome probes 3, 8, 10 and 20 detected 74.5% of ESCC and the combination of 3, 8, 20 and Y detected 85.0%.

发现所测常染色体在食管癌组织中均存在较高的数目畸变率，主要表现为染色体增益，包括三体、四体及多体。4条常染色体3、8、10和20号染色体增益率分别为84.9%、77.5%、63.7%和83.2%，其中多体率各为24.6%、34.9%、23.4%和31.7%。Y染色体在61.2%的男性患者表现缺失。3、8、10和20号探针联合检测食管癌的阳性率为74.5%， 3、8、20和Y染色体探针联合检测男性食管癌的阳性率为85.0%。

63 All are the telocentric chromosomes. The sex chromosomes ZZ in the male are subtelocentri chromosome, which are the largest chromosome pair in the whole genome.

雄性性染色体ZZ是整个染色体组中最长的一对近端着丝粒染色体；雌性的W染色体也为近端着丝粒染色体，其长度仅次于第3号常染色体。

The number of the chromosomes in Henan large tail sheep is 2n=54, the karyotypes of male and female sheep are 54, XY and 54, XX, respectively. There are 26 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex-chromosome. Among 26 pairs of autosomes, 3 pairs are metacentric chromosomes, 23 pairs are telocentric chromosomes. X chromosome is the biggest subtelocentric chromosome and Y chromosome is the smallest submetacentric chromosome.

河南大尾寒羊二倍体染色体数目为2n=54，公羊核型54，XY；母羊核型54，XX.27对染色体中包括26对常染色体和1对性染色体，常染色体中有3对为中着丝粒染色体，23对为端着丝粒染色体；性染色体中，X染色体为最大的端着丝粒染色体，Y染色体为最小的中着丝粒染色体。

Three kinds of embryos' chromosome, including goat fertilization embryo, goat-goat cloned embryo and goat-rabbit cloned embryo were analyzed, The results showed that all of them have 60 chromosomes with same character, all were telocentric chromosome, besides the X-chromosome is the second larger telocentric chromosome.

经对超排获得的山羊受精胚、山羊同种克隆胚和羊-兔异种克隆胚的囊胚期胚胎染色体分析表明，三种来源的胚胎其染色体数目均为60条，且所有常染色体均为端部着丝点染色体，X染色体为第二大的端部着丝点染色体，说明山羊同种克隆胚和山羊-兔异种克隆胚均为山羊的核型，是供体细胞核在不同胞质中的重新编程的结果。4。

Thirty six homologous pairs of chromosomes were autosomes , in which chromosomes ,pairs of 1 to 20 were acrocentric-subterminal , 21 to 36 metacentric-submetacentric . And X chromosome was metacentric, Y chromosome terminal.

其中，1～20对常染色体为亚端着丝粒染色体，21～36对常染色体为亚中着丝粒染色体和中着丝粒染色体，X为中着丝粒染色体，Y为端着丝粒染色体。

All 29 pairs of autosomes were acrocentric chromosomes;X chromosome was the second largest acrocentric chromosome and Y was the smallest and the only one metacentric chromosome in all chromosomes.

所有常染色体均为端部着丝点染色体；X染色体为第二大的端部着丝点染色体，Y染色体为最小的且是唯一的中部着丝点染色体。

6 The caryotype of giant panda's fibroblasts can be divided into two groups based on centromericindex.Group one of No.l-17 and X chromosomes is metacentric or submetacentric;Group two ofNo.18-20 is acrocentric little chromosomes.

第四代大熊猫皮肤成纤维细胞(PF4)染色体组型：2n＝42，根据着丝粒指数，总体可将其分为两种类型，1-17号常染色体和X染色体为中部或亚中着丝粒，18-20号常染色体为小型近端着丝粒。

Thirty six homologous Pairs of chromosomes were autosomes, in which chromosomes, Pairs of 1 to 8 were metacentric.9 to 36 . And X was metacetric, Y chromosome terminal.

其中，1—8对常染色体为中间着丝粒染色体，9-36对常染色体为端部着丝粒染色体，X为中着丝粒染色体，Y为最小的为端部着丝粒染色体。

The results of measuring chromosome and one-way ANOVA analysis showed that the relative length of all autosomes was different among the sheep breeds.The X chromosomes were similar and the Y chromosomes were different not only in relative length p

测量染色体长度，计算相对长度，并进行单因素方差分析表明，绵羊各常染色体的相对长度之间存在一定的差异；对性染色体进行Duncan′s 多重比较，种群间X 染色体差异较小；Y 染色体种群间不但存在形态差异，且在相对长度上差异极显著P

X chromosome was a large submetacentric chromosome. Y chromosome was a small metacentric chromosome.The relative length of chromosome was measured by AutoCAD software. The relative length of autosomes ranged from 1.545% to 4.921% in Yanbian yellow cattle and from 1.637% to 5.855% in Liyan hybrid cattle.

结果表明，延边黄牛和利延杂交牛二倍体染色体数目2n=60，公牛核型为2n=60，XY，母牛为2n=60，XX，其中29对常染色体均为端着丝粒染色体，X染色体为较大的亚中着丝粒染色体，Y染色体为较小的中着丝粒染色体。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。